Cytochrome P450 2C19

Details

Name
Cytochrome P450 2C19
Synonyms
  • (R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase
  • (S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase
  • (S)-limonene 7-monooxygenase
  • 1.14.13.-
  • CYPIIC17
  • CYPIIC19
  • Cytochrome P450-11A
  • Cytochrome P450-254C
  • Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase
Gene Name
CYP2C19
Organism
Humans
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0020694|Cytochrome P450 2C19
MDPFVVLVLCLSCLLLLSIWRQSSGRGKLPPGPTPLPVIGNILQIDIKDVSKSLTNLSKI
YGPVFTLYFGLERMVVLHGYEVVKEALIDLGEEFSGRGHFPLAERANRGFGIVFSNGKRW
KEIRRFSLMTLRNFGMGKRSIEDRVQEEARCLVEELRKTKASPCDPTFILGCAPCNVICS
IIFQKRFDYKDQQFLNLMEKLNENIRIVSTPWIQICNNFPTIIDYFPGTHNKLLKNLAFM
ESDILEKVKEHQESMDINNPRDFIDCFLIKMEKEKQNQQSEFTIENLVITAADLLGAGTE
TTSTTLRYALLLLLKHPEVTAKVQEEIERVVGRNRSPCMQDRGHMPYTDAVVHEVQRYID
LIPTSLPHAVTCDVKFRNYLIPKGTTILTSLTSVLHDNKEFPNPEMFDPRHFLDEGGNFK
KSNYFMPFSAGKRICVGEGLARMELFLFLTFILQNFNLKSLIDPKDLDTTPVVNGFASVP
PFYQLCFIPV
Number of residues
490
Molecular Weight
55930.545
Theoretical pI
7.42
GO Classification
Functions
(R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity / (S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity / (S)-limonene 7-monooxygenase activity / arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity / enzyme binding / heme binding / iron ion binding / monooxygenase activity / oxidoreductase activity / oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen / oxygen binding / steroid hydroxylase activity
Processes
arachidonic acid metabolic process / drug metabolic process / epoxygenase P450 pathway / exogenous drug catabolic process / heterocycle metabolic process / monoterpenoid metabolic process / omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway / oxidation-reduction process / small molecule metabolic process / steroid metabolic process / xenobiotic metabolic process
Components
cytoplasm / endoplasmic reticulum membrane / intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0020695|Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)
ATGGATCCTTTTGTGGTCCTTGTGCTCTGTCTCTCATGTTTGCTTCTCCTTTCAATCTGG
AGACAGAGCTCTGGGAGAGGAAAACTCCCTCCTGGCCCCACTCCTCTCCCAGTGATTGGA
AATATCCTACAGATAGATATTAAGGATGTCAGCAAATCCTTAACCAATCTCTCAAAAATC
TATGGCCCTGTGTTCACTCTGTATTTTGGCCTGGAACGCATGGTGGTGCTGCATGGATAT
GAAGTGGTGAAGGAAGCCCTGATTGATCTTGGAGAGGAGTTTTCTGGAAGAGGCCATTTC
CCACTGGCTGAAAGAGCTAACAGAGGATTTGGAATCGTTTTCAGCAATGGAAAGAGATGG
AAGGAGATCCGGCGTTTCTCCCTCATGACGCTGCGGAATTTTGGGATGGGGAAGAGGAGC
ATTGAGGACCGTGTTCAAGAGGAAGCCCGCTGCCTTGTGGAGGAGTTGAGAAAAACCAAG
GCTTCACCCTGTGATCCCACTTTCATCCTGGGCTGTGCTCCCTGCAATGTGATCTGCTCC
ATTATTTTCCAGAAACGTTTCGATTATAAAGATCAGCAATTTCTTAACTTGATGGAAAAA
TTGAATGAAAACATCAGGATTGTAAGCACCCCCTGGATCCAGATATGCAATAATTTTCCC
ACTATCATTGATTATTTCCCGGGAACCCATAACAAATTACTTAAAAACCTTGCTTTTATG
GAAAGTGATATTTTGGAGAAAGTAAAAGAACACCAAGAATCGATGGACATCAACAACCCT
CGGGACTTTATTGATTGCTTCCTGATCAAAATGGAGAAGGAAAAGCAAAACCAACAGTCT
GAATTCACTATTGAAAACTTGGTAATCACTGCAGCTGACTTACTTGGAGCTGGGACAGAG
ACAACAAGCACAACCCTGAGATATGCTCTCCTTCTCCTGCTGAAGCACCCAGAGGTCACA
GCTAAAGTCCAGGAAGAGATTGAACGTGTCATTGGCAGAAACCGGAGCCCCTGCATGCAG
GACAGGGGCCACATGCCCTACACAGATGCTGTGGTGCACGAGGTCCAGAGATACATCGAC
CTCATCCCCACCAGCCTGCCCCATGCAGTGACCTGTGACGTTAAATTCAGAAACTACCTC
ATTCCCAAGGGCACAACCATATTAACTTCCCTCACTTCTGTGCTACATGACAACAAAGAA
TTTCCCAACCCAGAGATGTTTGACCCTCGTCACTTTCTGGATGAAGGTGGAAATTTTAAG
AAAAGTAACTACTTCATGCCTTTCTCAGCAGGAAAACGGATTTGTGTGGGAGAGGGCCTG
GCCCGCATGGAGCTGTTTTTATTCCTGACCTTCATTTTACAGAACTTTAACCTGAAATCT
CTGATTGACCCAAAGGACCTTGACACAACTCCTGTTGTCAATGGATTTGCTTCTGTCCCG
CCCTTCTATCAGCTGTGCTTCATTCCTGTCTGA
Chromosome Location
10
Locus
10q24.1-q24.3
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDP33261
UniProtKB Entry NameCP2CJ_HUMAN
GenBank Protein ID181344
GenBank Gene IDM61854
HGNC IDHGNC:2621
General References
  1. Romkes M, Faletto MB, Blaisdell JA, Raucy JL, Goldstein JA: Cloning and expression of complementary DNAs for multiple members of the human cytochrome P450IIC subfamily. Biochemistry. 1991 Apr 2;30(13):3247-55. [Article]
  2. Romkes M, Faletto MB, Blaisdell JA, Raucy JL, Goldstein JA: Cloning and expression of complementary DNAs for multiple members of the human cytochrome PH50IIC subfamily. Biochemistry. 1993 Feb 9;32(5):1390. [Article]
  3. Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):375-81. [Article]
  4. Wrighton SA, Stevens JC, Becker GW, VandenBranden M: Isolation and characterization of human liver cytochrome P450 2C19: correlation between 2C19 and S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylation. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1993 Oct;306(1):240-5. [Article]
  5. Miyazawa M, Shindo M, Shimada T: Metabolism of (+)- and (-)-limonenes to respective carveols and perillyl alcohols by CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 May;30(5):602-7. [Article]
  6. Bian Y, Song C, Cheng K, Dong M, Wang F, Huang J, Sun D, Wang L, Ye M, Zou H: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. J Proteomics. 2014 Jan 16;96:253-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014. Epub 2013 Nov 22. [Article]
  7. Reynald RL, Sansen S, Stout CD, Johnson EF: Structural characterization of human cytochrome P450 2C19: active site differences between P450s 2C8, 2C9, and 2C19. J Biol Chem. 2012 Dec 28;287(53):44581-91. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.424895. Epub 2012 Nov 1. [Article]
  8. de Morais SM, Wilkinson GR, Blaisdell J, Nakamura K, Meyer UA, Goldstein JA: The major genetic defect responsible for the polymorphism of S-mephenytoin metabolism in humans. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jun 3;269(22):15419-22. [Article]
  9. De Morais SM, Wilkinson GR, Blaisdell J, Meyer UA, Nakamura K, Goldstein JA: Identification of a new genetic defect responsible for the polymorphism of (S)-mephenytoin metabolism in Japanese. Mol Pharmacol. 1994 Oct;46(4):594-8. [Article]
  10. Xiao ZS, Goldstein JA, Xie HG, Blaisdell J, Wang W, Jiang CH, Yan FX, He N, Huang SL, Xu ZH, Zhou HH: Differences in the incidence of the CYP2C19 polymorphism affecting the S-mephenytoin phenotype in Chinese Han and Bai populations and identification of a new rare CYP2C19 mutant allele. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Apr;281(1):604-9. [Article]
  11. Ibeanu GC, Goldstein JA, Meyer U, Benhamou S, Bouchardy C, Dayer P, Ghanayem BI, Blaisdell J: Identification of new human CYP2C19 alleles (CYP2C19*6 and CYP2C19*2B) in a Caucasian poor metabolizer of mephenytoin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Sep;286(3):1490-5. [Article]
  12. Ibeanu GC, Blaisdell J, Ghanayem BI, Beyeler C, Benhamou S, Bouchardy C, Wilkinson GR, Dayer P, Daly AK, Goldstein JA: An additional defective allele, CYP2C19*5, contributes to the S-mephenytoin poor metabolizer phenotype in Caucasians. Pharmacogenetics. 1998 Apr;8(2):129-35. [Article]
  13. Ibeanu GC, Blaisdell J, Ferguson RJ, Ghanayem BI, Brosen K, Benhamou S, Bouchardy C, Wilkinson GR, Dayer P, Goldstein JA: A novel transversion in the intron 5 donor splice junction of CYP2C19 and a sequence polymorphism in exon 3 contribute to the poor metabolizer phenotype for the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Aug;290(2):635-40. [Article]
  14. Blaisdell J, Mohrenweiser H, Jackson J, Ferguson S, Coulter S, Chanas B, Xi T, Ghanayem B, Goldstein JA: Identification and functional characterization of new potentially defective alleles of human CYP2C19. Pharmacogenetics. 2002 Dec;12(9):703-11. [Article]
  15. Morita J, Kobayashi K, Wanibuchi A, Kimura M, Irie S, Ishizaki T, Chiba K: A novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the CYP2C19 gene in a Japanese subject with lowered capacity of mephobarbital 4'-hydroxylation. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2004 Jun;19(3):236-8. [Article]
  16. Solus JF, Arietta BJ, Harris JR, Sexton DP, Steward JQ, McMunn C, Ihrie P, Mehall JM, Edwards TL, Dawson EP: Genetic variation in eleven phase I drug metabolism genes in an ethnically diverse population. Pharmacogenomics. 2004 Oct;5(7):895-931. [Article]
  17. Fukushima-Uesaka H, Saito Y, Maekawa K, Ozawa S, Hasegawa R, Kajio H, Kuzuya N, Yasuda K, Kawamoto M, Kamatani N, Suzuki K, Yanagawa T, Tohkin M, Sawada J: Genetic variations and haplotypes of CYP2C19 in a Japanese population. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2005 Aug;20(4):300-7. [Article]

Drug Relations

Drug Relations
DrugBank IDNameDrug groupPharmacological action?ActionsDetails
DB00188Bortezomibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00213PantoprazoleapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00215CitalopramapprovednosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00220NelfinavirapprovednosubstrateinducerDetails
DB00252Phenytoinapproved, vet_approvednosubstrateinducerDetails
DB00273TopiramateapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00328Indomethacinapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00338Omeprazoleapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00349Clobazamapproved, illicitnosubstrateDetails
DB00395CarisoprodolapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00396Progesteroneapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00420Promazineapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00444TeniposideapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00448Lansoprazoleapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00546AdinazolamexperimentalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00582VoriconazoleapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00665Nilutamideapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00679Thioridazineapproved, withdrawnunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00736Esomeprazoleapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00738Pentamidineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00794Primidoneapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateinducerDetails
DB00849MethylphenobarbitalapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00949FelbamateapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01018Guanfacineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01104SertralineapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01124Tolbutamideapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01129Rabeprazoleapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01131ProguanilapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01166Cilostazolapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01171Moclobemideapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01174Phenobarbitalapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinducerDetails
DB01274Arformoterolapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01320Fosphenytoinapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01544Flunitrazepamapproved, illicitunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00176Fluvoxamineapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB00197Troglitazoneapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00208TiclopidineapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00321AmitriptylineapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00343Diltiazemapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00455Loratadineapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00458ImipramineapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00503Ritonavirapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB00532Mephenytoinapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00586Diclofenacapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00622Nicardipineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00625Efavirenzapproved, investigationalunknowninducerDetails
DB00745Modafinilapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00752Tranylcypromineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00776OxcarbazepineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01026Ketoconazoleapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01041Thalidomideapproved, investigational, withdrawnnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01424Aminophenazoneapproved, withdrawnunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00333MethadoneapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06442AvasimibeinvestigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01065Melatoninapproved, nutraceutical, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01076AtorvastatinapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB01095FluvastatinapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00196Fluconazoleapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00619ImatinibapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB00468QuinineapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01142Doxepinapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB01435Antipyrineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00250Dapsoneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00675TamoxifenapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB05109Trabectedinapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01418Acenocoumarolapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00682WarfarinapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00540NortriptylineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00857Terbinafineapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00972AzelastineapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01075Diphenhydramineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00829Diazepamapproved, illicit, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00446Chloramphenicolapproved, vet_approved, withdrawnunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01242Clomipramineapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00758ClopidogrelapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB00531Cyclophosphamideapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01355HexobarbitalexperimentalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00571Propranololapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00501Cimetidineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00472Fluoxetineapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB06403Ambrisentanapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01175EscitalopramapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB06414EtravirineapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01181IfosfamideapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB05246MethsuximideapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00726TrimipramineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00357Aminoglutethimideapproved, investigationalunknowninducerDetails
DB00564Carbamazepineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorinducerDetails
DB01601LopinavirapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01045RifampicinapprovedunknowninducerDetails
DB06413Armodafinilapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00705DelavirdineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01241GemfibrozilapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00951Isoniazidapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB06268Sitaxentanapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00216Eletriptanapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00363ClozapineapprovednosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00425ZolpidemapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01036Tolterodineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01283Lumiracoxibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00203Sildenafilapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00672Chlorpropamideapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01120GliclazideapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01016GlyburideapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06739SeratrodastexperimentalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06697ArtemetherapprovedunknownsubstrateinducerDetails
DB00945Acetylsalicylic acidapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB01118Amiodaroneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00701Amprenavirapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00673Aprepitantapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00289AtomoxetineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01558Bromazepamapproved, illicit, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00297Bupivacaineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00921Buprenorphineapproved, illicit, investigational, vet_approvedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00091Cyclosporineapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00604Cisaprideapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB06470ClomethiazoleinvestigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01559Clotiazepamapproved, illicitunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01234Dexamethasoneapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB00514DextromethorphanapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01093Dimethyl sulfoxideapproved, vet_approvedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00590DoxazosinapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00783Estradiolapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00898EthanolapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01628Etoricoxibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00502HaloperidolapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01050IbuprofenapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06738KetobemidoneinvestigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00678LosartanapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01043Memantineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01110Miconazoleapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00184NicotineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06712Nilvadipineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00717NorethisteroneapprovedunknownsubstrateinducerDetails
DB00334Olanzapineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00312Pentobarbitalapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00850PerphenazineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00454MeperidineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB03783PhenacetinwithdrawnunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00780PhenelzineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01058Praziquantelapproved, investigational, vet_approvednosubstrateDetails
DB00635Prednisoneapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB00818Propofolapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01589Quazepamapproved, illicitnosubstrateDetails
DB01224QuetiapineapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01037Selegilineapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00966Telmisartanapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00624Testosteroneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00763MethimazoleapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00373TimololapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01007TioconazoleapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00347TrimethadioneapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00313Valproic acidapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00661VerapamilapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00549Zafirlukastapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00909Zonisamideapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00398Sorafenibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00932Tipranavirapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00980Ramelteonapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01128BicalutamideapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01259Lapatinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01621Pipotiazineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00918Almotriptanapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB04920Clevidipineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00109Enfuvirtideapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00239OxiconazoleapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06204TapentadolapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06209PrasugrelapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB04871Lorcaserinapproved, withdrawnnosubstrateDetails
DB08864RilpivirineapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB06605ApixabanapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06626Axitinibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB08828Vismodegibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB08899EnzalutamideapprovednoinducerDetails
DB08895Tofacitinibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB04938Ospemifeneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00317Gefitinibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB08918Levomilnacipranapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB08932MacitentanapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB08933LuliconazoleapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB09049NaloxegolapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00951Isoniazidapproved, investigationalunknownDetails
DB09054IdelalisibapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB09068Vortioxetineapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB09280LumacaftorapprovednoinducerDetails
DB09570Ixazomibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06176Romidepsinapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB09119Eslicarbazepine acetateapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB06789Hydroxyprogesterone caproateapproved, investigationalunknowninducerDetails
DB05812AbirateroneapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB09118StiripentolapprovedunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB06595Midostaurinapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorinducerDetails
DB05541Brivaracetamapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB05351Dexlansoprazoleapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01685TopiroxostatexperimentalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB09120Zucapsaicinapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB09198LobeglitazoneexperimentalnoinhibitorDetails
DB09167DosulepinapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB09166EtizolamexperimentalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB11614RupatadineapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB12319Benzbromaroneinvestigational, withdrawnunknowninhibitorDetails
DB09238Manidipineapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB13874Enasidenibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB12070Letermovirapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB12332Rucaparibapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB09061Cannabidiolapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB13943Testosterone cypionateapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13944Testosterone enanthateapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13946Testosterone undecanoateapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13952Estradiol acetateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13953Estradiol benzoateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13954Estradiol cypionateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13955Estradiol dienanthateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13956Estradiol valerateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB11638Artenimolapproved, experimental, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB13941Piperaquineapproved, experimental, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB11901Apalutamideapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB11633Isavuconazoleapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB11586Asunaprevirapproved, investigational, withdrawnnosubstrateDetails
DB14011NabiximolsinvestigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB14009Medical Cannabisexperimental, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB11632Opicaponeapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB13746Bioallethrinapproved, experimentalnosubstrateDetails
DB04948Lofexidineapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB00598LabetalolapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB11967Binimetinibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB11718Encorafenibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB12474Lynestrenolapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB00615Rifabutinapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB01201Rifapentineapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB01220Rifaximinapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB11753Rifamycinapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB01483BarbitalillicitnosubstrateinducerDetails
DB00418Secobarbitalapproved, vet_approvednoinducerDetails
DB00599Thiopentalapproved, vet_approvednosubstrateDetails
DB06654Safinamideapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB09078Lenvatinibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB05928DovitinibinvestigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB08496(R)-warfarinexperimentalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB14055(S)-Warfarinexperimental, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB04911Oritavancinapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB06218LacosamideapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13762DexrabeprazoleexperimentalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB12319Benzbromaroneinvestigational, withdrawnunknowninhibitorDetails
DB09213Dexibuprofenapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00518Albendazoleapproved, vet_approvednosubstrateDetails
DB14025ClinafloxacininvestigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB06731SeproxetineinvestigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB14575EslicarbazepineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01323St. John's Wortapproved, investigational, nutraceuticalnosubstrateinducerDetails
DB12130Lorlatinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB12245Triclabendazoleapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB11823Esketamineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB06684VilazodoneapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB12015Alpelisibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00977EthinylestradiolapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB06730GestodeneinvestigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00641SimvastatinapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00227Lovastatinapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00715Paroxetineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00956Hydrocodoneapproved, illicit, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB04861Nebivololapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB12500Fedratinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB08502CapravirineinvestigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB14635Curcumin sulfateexperimentalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB01039FenofibrateapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB15444Elexacaftorapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB14975Voxelotorapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00741Hydrocortisoneapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB06119Cenobamateapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB01222BudesonideapprovedunknowninducerDetails
DB00959Methylprednisoloneapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB15328Ubrogepantapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00983Formoterolapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB01006Letrozoleapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB11837Osilodrostatapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00443Betamethasoneapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB09241Methylene blueapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB11689Selumetinibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB14631Prednisolone phosphateapproved, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB14649Dexamethasone acetateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowninducerDetails
DB00574Fenfluramineapproved, illicit, investigational, withdrawnunknownsubstrateDetails
DB14881Oliceridineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB12499Clascoteroneapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB15093Somapacitanapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB06448Lonafarnibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB04951Pirfenidoneapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB06137Tirbanibulinapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB00935Oxymetazolineapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB08912Dabrafenibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinhibitorinducerDetails
DB00170Menadioneapproved, nutraceuticalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00476DuloxetineapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00052Somatotropinapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00330EthambutolapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB14984Casimersenapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB01086Benzocaineapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB08896RegorafenibapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00986Glycopyrroniumapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB05271RotigotineapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB01183Naloxoneapproved, vet_approvedunknownsubstrateDetails
DB12543Samidorphanapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB12151Brincidofovirapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB16703Belumosudilapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB15463Belzutifanapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB12265Fexinidazoleapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB16220Lonapegsomatropinapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorDetails
DB16349VicagrelinvestigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB12597Asciminibapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB04216Quercetinexperimental, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB14973Abrocitinibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB05467Palovaroteneapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB16236Mitapivatapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB12834SecnidazoleapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00470Dronabinolapproved, illicitnosubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB14737Cannabinolexperimental, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB11697Pacritinibapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB05087Ganaxoloneapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB06016Cariprazineapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB14921Mavacamtenapproved, investigationalnosubstrateinducerDetails
DB12020Tecovirimatapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB06083Tapinarofapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB00285VenlafaxineapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB12095Telotristat ethylapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB11739Vonoprazanapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinhibitorDetails
DB16267Olutasidenibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB02709ResveratrolinvestigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB17472Pirtobrutinibapproved, investigationalunknowninhibitorinducerDetails
DB12548Sparsentanapproved, investigationalunknowninducerDetails
DB00381AmlodipineapprovednoinhibitorDetails
DB00862VardenafilapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB11712Tezacaftorapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails
DB15669Fezolinetantapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB06700Desvenlafaxineapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB11763Momelotinibapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB14766EtrasimodapprovednosubstrateDetails
DB16826Repotrectinibapproved, investigationalnoinducerDetails
DB11679Fruquintinibapproved, investigationalnosubstrateDetails
DB12005Nirogacestatapproved, investigationalunknownsubstrateinducerDetails
DB06636Isavuconazoniumapproved, investigationalnoinhibitorDetails