Neuroprotective Agents

Name
Neuroprotective Agents
Accession Number
DBCAT000653
Description

Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids.

Drugs
DrugDrug Description
TopiramateAn anticonvulsant drug used in the control of epilepsy and in the prophylaxis and treatment of migraines.
MethylprednisoloneA corticosteroid used to treat inflammation or immune reactions across a variety of organ systems, endocrine conditions, and neoplastic diseases.
RivastigmineA cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat mild to moderate dementia in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
RasagilineAn irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase used for the symptomatic management of idiopathic Parkinson's disease as initial monotherapy and as adjunct therapy to levodopa.
TenocyclidineBecause of its high affinity for the phencyclidine binding site on the NMDA receptor, the 3H radiolabelled form of tenocyclidine is widely used in research into NMDA receptors.
Huperzine AInvestigated for use/treatment in alzheimer's disease.
SGS-742Investigated for use/treatment in alzheimer's disease, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), memory loss, and schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders.
D-JNKI-1Investigated for use/treatment in hearing loss.
ZiconotideAn N-type calcium channel antagonist used to manage patients with severe chronic pain who cannot tolerate, or who have not responded adequately to other treatments such as intrathecal morphine and systemic analgesics.
PropentofyllineInvestigated for use/treatment in alzheimer's disease.
PiracetamA nootropic cyclic GABA derivative used in myoclonus, sickle cell disease, alcohol dependence, and as a general cognitive enhancer.
TirilazadTirilazad has been used in trials studying the treatment of Spinal Cord Injury.
BrimapitideBrimapitide is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01570205 (Safety, Tolerability and PK of a Single iv Infusion of 10, 40, and 80 µg/kg XG-102 Administered to Healthy Volunteers).
EdaravoneA free radical scavenger used to delay the progression of ALS.
CerebrolysinA proteolytic protein indicated in the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders.
SiagosideSiagoside (Sygen, AGF 2) has been investigated for the treatment of Parkinson Disease. It is a naturally occurring substance in the nerve cell’s membrane that is thought to play a...
RiluzoleA glutamate antagonist used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
SelegilineA monoamine oxidase inhibitor used to treat major depressive disorder and Parkinson's.
CilostazolAn antiplatelet agent and vasodilator used for the symptomatic relief of intermittent claudication.
AlmitrineFor the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
7-NitroindazoleNot Available
N-(3-Propylcarbamoyloxirane-2-Carbonyl)-Isoleucyl-ProlineNot Available
DexanabinolInvestigated for use/treatment in traumatic brain injuries and neurologic disorders.
RemacemideInvestigated for use/treatment in epilepsy, huntington's disease, and parkinson's disease.
ClomethiazoleInvestigated for use/treatment in strokes.
Z-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethyl ketoneNon-methylated, competitive, and irreversible inhibitor of caspase 1, as well as other caspases,1 which can be used directly with purified enzymes. It does not require an esterase to hydrolyze the...
Epigallocatechin gallateEpigallocatechin gallate has been investigated for the treatment of Hypertension and Diabetic Nephropathy.
VinpocetineA synthetic derivative of a vinca alkaloid used to treat neurological symptoms of cerebrovascular disease.
TempolTempol has been used in trials studying the treatment of Anal Cancer.
EbselenEbselen has been investigated for the treatment and basic science of Meniere's Disease, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
ButylphthalideButylphthalide has been used in trials studying the prevention of Restenosis.
EliprodilEliprodil has been used in trials studying the treatment of Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders.
NefiracetamNefiracetam has been used in trials studying the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.
GacyclidineGacyclidine has been used in trials studying the treatment of Tinnitus.
NizofenoneNot Annotated
MeclofenoxateNot Annotated
LinopirdineNot Annotated
FosfructoseA phosphorylated form of fructose indicated in the treatment of hypophosphatemia.
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinateA water soluble corticosteroid used to treat severe allergic reactions, dermatologic diseases, endocrine disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, hematological disorders, neoplastic diseases, nervous system conditions, ophthalmic diseases, renal diseases, respiratory diseases, and rheumatic disorders.
DextrorphanNot Annotated
Sodium dichloroacetateNot Annotated
EnadolineNot Annotated
SP-8203SP-8203 has been used in trials studying the treatment of Ischemic Stroke.
S-NitrosoglutathioneNot Annotated
NerinetideNa 1 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00728182 (Evaluating Neuroprotection in Aneurysm Coiling Therapy).
Vasoactive intestinal peptideNot Annotated
Drugs & Drug Targets
DrugTargetType
TopiramateGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1target
TopiramateVoltage-gated sodium channel alpha subunittarget
TopiramateCarbonic anhydrase 2target
TopiramateCarbonic anhydrase 4target
TopiramateKainate receptorstarget
TopiramateCytochrome P450 2C19enzyme
TopiramateCytochrome P450 3A4enzyme
TopiramateCarbonic anhydrase 1target
TopiramateCarbonic anhydrase 3target
TopiramateVoltage gated L-type calcium channeltarget
TopiramateVoltage-dependent R-type calcium channeltarget
TopiramateSerum albumincarrier
TopiramateP-glycoprotein 1transporter
Topiramate5'-AMP-activated protein kinasetransporter
MethylprednisoloneGlucocorticoid receptortarget
MethylprednisoloneCytochrome P450 3A4enzyme
MethylprednisoloneP-glycoprotein 1transporter
MethylprednisoloneCytochrome P450 3A Subfamilyenzyme
MethylprednisoloneCytochrome P450 2A6enzyme
MethylprednisoloneCytochrome P450 1B1enzyme
MethylprednisoloneCytochrome P450 2B6enzyme
MethylprednisoloneCytochrome P450 2C8enzyme
MethylprednisoloneCytochrome P450 2C9enzyme
MethylprednisoloneCytochrome P450 2C19enzyme
MethylprednisoloneAnnexin A1target
Methylprednisolone20-ketosteroid reductase (20-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase)enzyme
Methylprednisolone11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenaseenzyme
MethylprednisoloneSerum albumincarrier
RivastigmineAcetylcholinesterasetarget
RivastigmineCholinesterasetarget
RasagilineApoptosis regulator Bcl-2target
RasagilineAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] Btarget
RasagilineCytochrome P450 1A2enzyme
TenocyclidineGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3Atarget
TenocyclidineGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3Btarget
TenocyclidineGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2Atarget
TenocyclidineGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2Ctarget
TenocyclidineGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2Btarget
TenocyclidineGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2Dtarget
TenocyclidineNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7target
Huperzine AAcetylcholinesterasetarget
SGS-742Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1target
SGS-742Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2target
ZiconotideVoltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1Btarget
ZiconotideVoltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1Atarget
PropentofyllinecAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4Atarget
PropentofyllineCytochrome P450 1A2enzyme
EdaravoneSolute carrier family 22 member 6transporter
EdaravoneSolute carrier family 22 member 8transporter
EdaravoneUDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1enzyme
EdaravoneUDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-6enzyme
EdaravoneUDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-7enzyme
EdaravoneUDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-8enzyme
EdaravoneUDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9enzyme
EdaravoneUDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-10enzyme
EdaravoneUDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7enzyme
EdaravoneUDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17enzyme
EdaravoneSulfotransferaseenzyme
EdaravoneSerum albumincarrier
RiluzoleSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alphatarget
RiluzoleCytochrome P450 1A2enzyme
RiluzoleCystine/glutamate transportertarget
RiluzoleATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2transporter
RiluzoleCytochrome P450 1A1enzyme
SelegilineAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] Btarget
SelegilineCytochrome P450 2B6enzyme
SelegilineAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] Atarget
SelegilineCytochrome P450 2A6enzyme
SelegilineCytochrome P450 3A4enzyme
SelegilineP-glycoprotein 1transporter
SelegilineCytochrome P450 1A2enzyme
SelegilineCytochrome P450 2C19enzyme
SelegilineCytochrome P450 2C8enzyme
SelegilineCytochrome P450 2C9enzyme
SelegilineCytochrome P450 2D6enzyme
CilostazolcGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase Atarget
CilostazolCytochrome P450 2C19enzyme
CilostazolCytochrome P450 3A4enzyme
CilostazolCytochrome P450 3A5enzyme
CilostazolCytochrome P450 3A7enzyme
CilostazolCytochrome P450 1A2enzyme
CilostazolCytochrome P450 2D6enzyme
AlmitrineSodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1target
7-NitroindazoleNitric oxide synthase, endothelialtarget
7-NitroindazoleNitric oxide synthase, inducibletarget
7-NitroindazoleNitric oxide synthase, braintarget
N-(3-Propylcarbamoyloxirane-2-Carbonyl)-Isoleucyl-ProlineCathepsin Btarget
DexanabinolTumor necrosis factortarget
RemacemideCytochrome P450 3A4enzyme
ClomethiazoleGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1target
ClomethiazoleCytochrome P450 2A6enzyme
ClomethiazoleCytochrome P450 2B6enzyme
ClomethiazoleCytochrome P450 2C19enzyme
ClomethiazoleCytochrome P450 3A4enzyme
Z-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethyl ketoneCaspase-1target
Epigallocatechin gallateAryl hydrocarbon receptortarget
Epigallocatechin gallateDNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1target
Epigallocatechin gallateDihydrofolate reductase, mitochondrialtarget
VinpocetineCytochrome P450 3A4enzyme
EbselenBifunctional epoxide hydrolase 2target
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinateCytochrome P450 3A4enzyme
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinateCytochrome P450 3A5enzyme