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Showing drug card for Neomycin (DB00994)

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Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-06-13 13:24:05
Update Date 2009-02-19 16:03:57
Primary Accession Number DB00994
Secondary Accession Number
  • APRD00013
Name Neomycin
Drug Type
  • Approved
  • Small Molecule
  • Withdrawn
Description A component of neomycin that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Synonyms
  1. Caswell No. 595
  2. Neomycin B Sulfate
  3. Neomycin Sulfate
  4. Neomycin Sulphate
  5. Neomycin trisulfate salt hydrate
  6. USAF CB-19
Brand Names
  1. Biosol
  2. Bykomycin
  3. Endomixin
  4. Fradiomycin
  5. Fradiomycin Sulfate
  6. Fraquinol
  7. Lidamycin Creme
  8. Myacine
  9. Myacyne
  10. Mycifradin
  11. Mycifradin-N
  12. Myciguent
  13. Neo-Fradin
  14. Neo-Mantle Creme
  15. Neo-Rx
  16. Neobiotic
  17. Neobrettin
  18. Neofracin
  19. Neolate
  20. Neomix
  21. Neosulf
  22. Nivemycin
  23. Tuttomycin
  24. Vonamycin Powder V
Brand Mixtures
  1. AK Spor liq (gramicidin + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  2. AK Trol Suspension (dexamethasone + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  3. Aminoderm Poudre (glycine + l-cysteine + neomycin sulfate + threonine)
  4. Anaprime oph gel (flumethasone + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  5. BNPH ont (bacitracin zinc + hydrocortisone acetate + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  6. Bacitracin-neomycin polymyxin ont (bacitracin zinc + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  7. Bacitracin-neomycin-polymixin ont (bacitracin zinc + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  8. Biosol-M-Aquadrops liq (methscopolamine bromide + neomycin sulfate)
  9. Calf scour bolus (atropine sulfate + calcium phosphate + hyoscyamine sulfate + kaolin + neomycin sulfate + pectin + sulfaguanidine + sulfathiazole + vitamin A)
  10. Certreat Scours Oblets (chlortetracycline hydrochloride + neomycin sulfate + nicotinic acid + vitamin A + vitamin D)
  11. Cicatrin Powder (bacitracin zinc + glycine + l-cysteine + neomycin sulfate + threonine)
  12. Co-op pinkeye spray (gentian violet + neomycin sulfate)
  13. Cortisporin (bacitracin zinc + hydrocortisone + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  14. Derma-4 ont (neomycin sulfate + nystatin + thiostrepton (antibiotic of a streptomyces species) + triamcinolone acetonide)
  15. Dioptrol ointment (dexamethasone + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  16. Diosporin ointment (bacitracin zinc + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  17. Enterolyte (calcium chloride dihydrate + magnesium chloride + neomycin sulfate + potassium acetate + sodium acetate + sodium chloride + sulfamethazine)
  18. FML-Neo oph sus (fluorometholone + neomycin sulfate)
  19. Forte topical suspension (hydrocortisone acetate + hydrocortisone sodium succinate + neomycin sulfate + penicillin g procaine + polymyxin B sulfate)
  20. Kaobiotic bolus (kaolin + neomycin sulfate + pectin + sulfadiazine + sulfaguanidine + sulfamerazine + sulfathiazole)
  21. Kaobiotic tab (kaolin + neomycin sulfate + pectin + sulfadiazine + sulfaguanidine + sulfamerazine + sulfathiazole)
  22. Kenacomb (gramicidin + neomycin sulfate + nystatin + triamcinolone acetonide)
  23. Keraplex spray (methyl violet + neomycin sulfate)
  24. Lidecomb cream (fluocinonide + gramicidin + neomycin sulfate + nystatin)
  25. Mastitis Care (neomycin sulfate + penicillin g potassium + polymyxin B sulfate + streptomycin sulfate)
  26. Maxitrol (dexamethasone + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  27. Mecomb Cream 0.1% (gramicidin + neomycin sulfate + nystatin + triamcinolone acetonide)
  28. Mycitracin oph ont (bacitracin + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  29. Neo Atropec 25 tab (aluminum hydroxide + atropine methylnitrate + kaolin + neomycin sulfate + pectin + sulfacetamide + sulfaguanidine)
  30. Neo Atropec C tab (aluminum hydroxide + atropine methylnitrate + kaolin + neomycin sulfate + pectin + sulfacetamide + sulfaguanidine)
  31. Neo Atropec tab (aluminum hydroxide + atropine methylnitrate + kaolin + neomycin sulfate + pectin + sulfacetamide + sulfaguanidine)
  32. Neo Chlor Powder (neomycin sulfate + tetracycline hydrochloride)
  33. Neo Darbazine Spansule Capsule no 1 (isopropamide iodide + neomycin sulfate + prochlorperazine maleate)
  34. Neo Darbazine Spansule no 3 (isopropamide iodide + neomycin sulfate + prochlorperazine maleate)
  35. Neo Oxymed Powder (neomycin sulfate + oxytetracycline hydrochloride)
  36. Neo P.P.G. (neomycin sulfate + penicillin g potassium)
  37. Neo Sulfa-E (calcium chloride + magnesium chloride + neomycin sulfate + potassium acetate + sodium acetate + sodium chloride + sulfamethazine)
  38. Neo Sulfalyte Bolus (calcium chloride + magnesium chloride + neomycin sulfate + potassium acetate + sodium acetate + sodium chloride + sulfamethazine)
  39. Neo Terramycin Soluble Powder (neomycin sulfate + oxytetracycline hydrochloride)
  40. Neo-Cortef (hydrocortisone acetate + neomycin sulfate)
  41. Neo-Medrol (methylprednisolone acetate + neomycin sulfate)
  42. Neo-Medrol Acne Lotion (aluminum chlorohydrate + methylprednisolone acetate + neomycin sulfate + sulfur)
  43. Neo-Oxytetracycline (neomycin sulfate + oxytetracycline hydrochloride)
  44. Neo-Terramycin 50/50 premix (neomycin sulfate + oxytetracycline hydrochloride)
  45. Neo-Tet pws (neomycin sulfate + oxytetracycline hydrochloride)
  46. Neodecadron Eye Ear Solution 0.1% (dexamethasone phosphate + neomycin sulfate)
  47. Neomix-Pamine Solution (methscopolamine bromide + neomycin sulfate)
  48. Neopaste (aluminum hydroxide + calcium chloride + magnesium chloride + neomycin sulfate + potassium acetate + sodium acetate + sodium chloride + sulfamethazine + sulfathiazole)
  49. Neorease (neomycin sulfate + sulfamethazine + sulfathiazole)
  50. Neosol M Aquadrops (methscopolamine bromide + neomycin sulfate)
  51. Neospan Mastitis Treatment (neomycin sulfate + penicillin g potassium + polymyxin B sulfate + streptomycin sulfate)
  52. Neosporin Eye-Ear Solution (gramicidin + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  53. Neosporin Irrigating Solution (neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  54. Neosporin Ointment (bacitracin zinc + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  55. Neosporin Ophthalmic Ointment (bacitracin zinc + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  56. Neosporin antibiotic cream (gramicidin + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  57. Neosulf (neomycin sulfate + sulfamethazine + sulfathiazole)
  58. Neosulf Plus bolus (calcium chloride + magnesium chloride + neomycin sulfate + potassium acetate + sodium acetate + sodium chloride + sulfamethazine)
  59. Neosulf bolus (calcium chloride + magnesium chloride + neomycin sulfate + potassium acetate + sodium acetate + sodium chloride + sulfamethazine)
  60. Neosulpec (kaolin + neomycin + pectin + sulfaguanidine + sulfamethazine + sulfathiazole)
  61. Neotet soluble concentrate (neomycin sulfate + oxytetracycline hydrochloride)
  62. Neotetramed Powder (neomycin sulfate + tetracycline hydrochloride)
  63. Neotopic ointment (bacitracin zinc + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  64. Neovast tabs (kaolin + neomycin sulfate + pectin + sulfadiazine + sulfaguanidine + sulfamerazine + sulfathiazole)
  65. Neox (neomycin sulfate + oxytetracycline hydrochloride)
  66. Ophtacin ophtalmic ointment (bacitracin zinc + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  67. Ophtacin-H ophtalmic ointment (bacitracin zinc + hydrocortisone acetate + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  68. Optimyxin Plus Oto-opht GTTE (gramicidin + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  69. Optiprime oph gel (neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  70. Optisone (neomycin + prednisolone)
  71. Oribiotic ointment (bacitracin + lidocaine + neomycin sulfate + nystatin + triamcinolone acetonide)
  72. Otizol HC liq (hydrocortisone acetate + lidocaine hydrochloride + neomycin sulfate)
  73. P.T. Booster (calcium d-pantothenate + neomycin sulfate + nicotinic acid + pyridoxine hydrochloride + streptomycin sulfate + vitamin A + vitamin B1 + vitamin B12 + vitamin B2 + vitamin D3)
  74. Panolog cream (neomycin sulfate + nystatin + thiostrepton [antibiotic of a streptomyces species] + triamcinolone acetonide)
  75. Panolog ointment (neomycin sulfate + nystatin + thiostrepton [antibiotic of a streptomyces species] + triamcinolone acetonide)
  76. Pinkeye Spray (gentian violet + neomycin sulfate)
  77. Previte (neomycin sulfate + selenium sulfide + streptomycin sulfate + vitamin A + vitamin D + vitamin e + vitamin K1)
  78. Proctosone ont (dibucaine hydrochloride + esculin + hydrocortisone acetate + neomycin sulfate)
  79. Proctosone sup (dibucaine hydrochloride + esculin + hydrocortisone acetate + neomycin sulfate)
  80. Ratio-Triacomb regular cream (gramicidin + neomycin sulfate + nystatin + triamcinolone acetonide)
  81. Sandoz Cortimyxin (bacitracin zinc + hydrocortisone + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  82. Scour Solution (methscopolamine bromide + neomycin sulfate)
  83. Scour bolus plus (calcium carbonate + magnesium oxide + menadione sodium bisulfite + neomycin sulfate + potassium acetate + sodium acetate + sodium chloride + streptomycin sulfate + sulfamerazine + sulfamethazine + sulfanilamide + sulfathiazole + vitamin A + vitamin D)
  84. Scour solution coop (methscopolamine bromide + neomycin sulfate)
  85. Scour suspension (atropine sulfate + calcium phosphate + hyoscyamine sulfate + kaolin + neomycin sulfate + pectin + succinylsulfathiazole)
  86. Scour treat liq (neomycin sulfate + sulfamethazine + sulfathiazole)
  87. Scour-plug (calcium chloride + magnesium chloride + neomycin sulfate + potassium acetate + sodium acetate + sodium chloride + sulfamethazine)
  88. Septomixine Forte (dexamethasone + halethazole tartrate + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate + tyrothricin)
  89. Solvaderm ointment (neomycin sulfate + nystatin + thiostrepton [antibiotic of a streptomyces species] + triamcinolone acetonide)
  90. Spor-HC otic susp (hydrocortisone + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  91. Sulectim plus scour boluses (calcium carbonate + magnesium oxide + menadione sodium bisulfite + neomycin sulfate + potassium acetate + sodium acetate + sodium chloride + streptomycin sulfate + sulfamerazine + sulfamethazine + sulfanilamide + sulfathiazole sodium + vitamin A + vitamin D)
  92. Sulkamycin S Bolettes (neomycin sulfate + sulfamethazine)
  93. Synalar Bi-otic solution (fluocinolone acetonide + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  94. Theraderm cream (gramicidin + neomycin sulfate + nystatin + triamcinolone acetonide)
  95. Tresaderm dermatologic solution (dexamethasone + neomycin sulfate + thiabendazole)
  96. Triple sulfa plus neomycin (neomycin sulfate + sulfamerazine sodium + sulfamethazine sodium + sulfathiazole sodium)
  97. Vetropolycin HC ont (bacitracin zinc + hydrocortisone acetate + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B)
  98. Vetropolycin ont (bacitracin zinc + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  99. Viaderm KC Cream (gramicidin + neomycin sulfate + nystatin + triamcinolone acetonide)
  100. Viaderm KC ont (gramicidin + neomycin sulfate + nystatin + triamcinolone acetonide)
  101. Wound & Pinkeye Spray (gentian violet + neomycin sulfate)
  102. bacitracin-neomycin-polymyxin oph ont (bacitracin zinc + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  103. beef cattle vit ade premix medicated (neomycin sulfate + oxytetracycline hydrochloride + vitamin A + vitamin D3 + vitamin e)
  104. dioptrol suspension (dexamethasone + neomycin sulfate + polymyxin B sulfate)
  105. neo-chlor (neomycin sulfate + tetracycline hydrochloride)
Chemical IUPAC Name (2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-5-amino-2-(aminomethyl)-6-[(1R,2R,3S,4R,6S)-4,6-diamino-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-4-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3-amino-6-(aminomethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxyoxane-3,4-diol
Chemical Formula C23H46N6O13
Chemical Structure Structure
CAS Registry Number 1404-04-2
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C23H46N6O13/c24-2-7-13(32)15(34)10(28)21(37-7)40-18-6(27)1-5(26)12(31)20(18)42-23-17(36)19(9(4-30)39-23)41-22-11(29)16(35)14(33)8(3-25)38-22/h5-23,30-36H,1-4,24-29H2/t5-,6+,7-,8+,9-,10-,11-,12+,13-,14-,15-,16-,17-,18-,19-,20-,21-,22-,23+/m1/s1
InChI Key PGBHMTALBVVCIT-VCIWKGPPBG
KEGG Drug Not Available
KEGG Compound C00384 Link Image
PubChem Compound 8378 Link Image
PubChem Substance 158283 Link Image
ChEBI ID Not Available
PharmGKB ID PA450608 Link Image
HET ID CNY Link Image
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] 00527750 Link Image
RxList Link http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/neomy.htm Link Image
PDRhealth Link Not Available
Wikipedia Link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neomycin Link Image
FDA Label Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Synthesis Reference Not Available
Average Molecular Weight 614.6437
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 614.3123
State Solid
Melting Point 6 mg/mL (as sulfate form)
Experimental Water Solubility Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 6.47e+01 mg/mL Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity -7.8 Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP -2.81 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogS Not Available
Predicted LogS -0.98 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental Caco2 Permeability Not Available
pKa/Isoelectric Point Not Available
Mass Spectrum Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID 1P87 Link Image
Experimental PDB File Show
Experimental PDB Structure
Isomeric SMILES NC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](N)C[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@@H](CN)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3N)[C@H]2O)[C@H](N)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
Canonical SMILES NCC1OC(OC2C(N)CC(N)C(O)C2OC2OC(CO)C(OC3OC(CN)C(O)C(O)C3N)C2O)C(N)C(O)C1O
Drug Category
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antibiotics
ATC Codes
AHFS Codes
  • 52:04.04
  • 84:04.04
Indication For the adjunctive treatment of acute hepatic failure, alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver, and suppression of intestinal bacteria.
Pharmacology Neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of t-RNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. Aminoglycosides are useful primarily in infections involving aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Enterobacter. In addition, some mycobacteria, including the bacteria that cause tuberculosis, are susceptible to aminoglycosides. Infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria can also be treated with aminoglycosides, but other types of antibiotics are more potent and less damaging to the host. In the past the aminoglycosides have been used in conjunction with penicillin-related antibiotics in streptococcal infections for their synergistic effects, particularly in endocarditis. Aminoglycosides are mostly ineffective against anaerobic bacteria, fungi and viruses.
Mechanism of Action Aminoglycosides like neomycin "irreversibly" bind to specific 30S-subunit proteins and 16S rRNA. Specifically neomycin binds to four nucleotides of 16S rRNA and a single amino acid of protein S12. This interferes with decoding site in the vicinity of nucleotide 1400 in 16S rRNA of 30S subunit. This region interacts with the wobble base in the anticodon of tRNA. This leads to interference with the initiation complex, misreading of mRNA so incorrect amino acids are inserted into the polypeptide leading to nonfunctional or toxic peptides and the breakup of polysomes into nonfunctional monosomes.
Absorption Poorly absorbed from the normal gastrointestinal tract. Although only approximately 3% of neomycin is absorbed through intact intestinal mucosa, significant amounts may be absorbed through ulcerated or denuded mucosa or if inflammation is present.
Toxicity LD50 = 200 mg/kg (rat). Because of low absorption, it is unlikely that acute overdosage would occur with oral neomycin. However, prolonged administration could result in sufficient systemic drug levels to produce neurotoxicity, ototoxicity and/or nephrotoxicity.
Protein Binding Protein binding studies have shown that the degree of aminoglycoside protein binding is low and, depending upon the methods used for testing, may be between 0% and 30%.
Biotransformation Neomycin undergoes negligible biotransformation after parenteral administration.
Half Life 2 to 3 hours
Dosage Forms
Form Route
Dressing Topical
Ointment Ophthalmic
Solution / drops Ophthalmic
Patient Information Show Link Image
Contraindications Show Link Image
Interactions Show Link Image
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Neomycin Pathway SMP00256 Link Image
General References
  1. Drugs.com Link Image
  2. Wikipedia Link Image
  3. RxList Link Image
Organisms Affected
  • Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria
Targets
  1. 30S ribosomal protein S12
  2. 16S rRNA
Drug Target 1 [top]
Target 1 ID 308
Target 1 Name 30S ribosomal protein S12
Target 1 Synonyms Not Available
Target 1 Gene Name rpsL
Target 1 Protein Sequence >30S ribosomal protein S12 
ATVNQLVRKPRARKVAKSNVPALEACPQKRGVCTRVYTTTPKKPNSALRKVCRVRLTNGF
EVTSYIGGEGHNLQEHSVILIRGGRVKDLPGVRYHTVRGALDCSGVKDRKQARSKYGVKR
PKA
Target 1 Number of Residues 125
Target 1 Molecular Weight 13606
Target 1 Theoretical pI 11.49
Target 1 GO Classification
Function
structural molecule activity
structural constituent of ribosome
binding
nucleic acid binding
Process
physiological process
metabolism
macromolecule metabolism
macromolecule biosynthesis
protein biosynthesis
Component
cell
intracellular
protein complex
ribonucleoprotein complex
ribosome
small ribosomal subunit
Target 1 General Function Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis
Target 1 Specific Function Cryo-EM studies suggest that S12 contacts the EF-Tu bound tRNA in the A-site during codon-recognition. This contact is most likely broken as the aminoacyl-tRNA moves into the peptidyl transferase center in the 50S subunit
Target 1 Pathways Not Available
Target 1 Reactions Not Available
Target 1 Pfam Domain Function
Target 1 Signals
  • None
Target 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 1 Essentiality Essential
Target 1 GenBank ID Protein 43010 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P0A7S3 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name RS12_ECOLI Link Image
Target 1 PDB ID 1P87 Link Image
Target 1 PDB File Show
Target 1 3D Structure
Target 1 Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasmic
Target 1 Gene Sequence >375 bp 
ATGGCAACAGTTAACCAGCTGGTACGCAAACCACGTGCTCGCAAAGTTGCGAAAAGCAAC
GTGCCTGCGCTGGAAGCATGCCCGCAAAAACGTGGCGTATGTACTCGTGTATATACTACC
ACTCCTAAAAAACCGAACTCCGCGCTGCGTAAAGTATGCCGTGTTCGTCTGACTAACGGT
TTCGAAGTGACTTCCTACATCGGTGGTGAAGGTCACAACCTGCAGGAGCACTCCGTGATC
CTGATCCGTGGCGGTCGTGTTAAAGACCTCCCGGGTGTTCGTTACCACACCGTACGTGGT
GCGCTTGACTGCTCCGGCGTTAAAGACCGTAAGCAGGCTCGTTCCAAGTATGGCGTGAAG
CGTCCTAAGGCTTAA
Target 1 GenBank Gene ID
Target 1 GeneCard ID Not Available
Target 1 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Target 1 HGNC ID Not Available
Target 1 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 1 Locus Not Available
Target 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 1 General References
  1. Arnold RJ, Reilly JP: Observation of Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins and their posttranslational modifications by mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem. 1999 Apr 10;269(1):105-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Toivonen JM, Boocock MR, Jacobs HT: Modelling in Escherichia coli of mutations in mitoribosomal protein S12: novel mutant phenotypes of rpsL. Mol Microbiol. 1999 Mar;31(6):1735-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Valle M, Sengupta J, Swami NK, Grassucci RA, Burkhardt N, Nierhaus KH, Agrawal RK, Frank J: Cryo-EM reveals an active role for aminoacyl-tRNA in the accommodation process. EMBO J. 2002 Jul 1;21(13):3557-67. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Tung CS, Joseph S, Sanbonmatsu KY: All-atom homology model of the Escherichia coli 30S ribosomal subunit. Nat Struct Biol. 2002 Oct;9(10):750-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Stark H, Rodnina MV, Wieden HJ, Zemlin F, Wintermeyer W, van Heel M: Ribosome interactions of aminoacyl-tRNA and elongation factor Tu in the codon-recognition complex. Nat Struct Biol. 2002 Nov;9(11):849-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gao H, Sengupta J, Valle M, Korostelev A, Eswar N, Stagg SM, Van Roey P, Agrawal RK, Harvey SC, Sali A, Chapman MS, Frank J: Study of the structural dynamics of the E coli 70S ribosome using real-space refinement. Cell. 2003 Jun 13;113(6):789-801. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Post LE, Arfsten AE, Reusser F, Nomura M: DNA sequences of promoter regions for the str and spc ribosomal protein operons in E. coli. Cell. 1978 Sep;15(1):215-29. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Timms AR, Steingrimsdottir H, Lehmann AR, Bridges BA: Mutant sequences in the rpsL gene of Escherichia coli B/r: mechanistic implications for spontaneous and ultraviolet light mutagenesis. Mol Gen Genet. 1992 Mar;232(1):89-96. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Allen PN, Noller HF: Mutations in ribosomal proteins S4 and S12 influence the higher order structure of 16 S ribosomal RNA. J Mol Biol. 1989 Aug 5;208(3):457-68. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Funatsu G, Yaguchi M, Wittmann-Liebold B: Primary stucture of protein S12 from the small Escherichia coli ribosomal subunit. FEBS Lett. 1977 Jan 15;73(1):12-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. 6989816 Post LE, Nomura M: DNA sequences from the str operon of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1980 May 25;255(10):4660-6.
  12. 7556101 Urlaub H, Kruft V, Bischof O, Muller EC, Wittmann-Liebold B: Protein-rRNA binding features and their structural and functional implications in ribosomes as determined by cross-linking studies. EMBO J. 1995 Sep 15;14(18):4578-88.
  13. 8844851 Kowalak JA, Walsh KA: Beta-methylthio-aspartic acid: identification of a novel posttranslational modification in ribosomal protein S12 from Escherichia coli. Protein Sci. 1996 Aug;5(8):1625-32.
  14. 9278503 Blattner FR, Plunkett G 3rd, Bloch CA, Perna NT, Burland V, Riley M, Collado-Vides J, Glasner JD, Rode CK, Mayhew GF, Gregor J, Davis NW, Kirkpatrick HA, Goeden MA, Rose DJ, Mau B, Shao Y: The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12. Science. 1997 Sep 5;277(5331):1453-74.
Target 1 Drug References
  1. Gill AE, Amyes SG: The contribution of a novel ribosomal S12 mutation to aminoglycoside resistance of Escherichia coli mutants. J Chemother. 2004 Aug;16(4):347-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Eisenstein BI, Beachey EH, Ofek I: Influence of sublethal concentrations of antibiotics on the expression of the mannose-specific ligand of Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 1980 Apr;28(1):154-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 2 [top]
Target 2 ID 883
Target 2 Name 16S rRNA
Target 2 Synonyms
  1. 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid
Target 2 Gene Name Not Available
Target 2 Protein Sequence Not Available
Target 2 Number of Residues 0
Target 2 Molecular Weight Not Available
Target 2 Theoretical pI Not Available
Target 2 GO Classification
Function
transferase activity
translation
RNA binding
Process
rRNA processing
RNA processing and modification
Component
cell
Target 2 General Function Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis
Target 2 Specific Function In prokaryotes, the 16S rRNA is essential for recognizing the 5' end of mRNA and hence positioning it correctly on the ribosome. The 16S rRNA has a characteristic secondary structure in which half of the nucleotides are base-paired. The 16S rRNA sequence has been highly conserved and is often used for evolutionary and species comparative analysis.
Target 2 Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Ribosome map03010 Link Image
Target 2 Reactions
  • rRNA + mRNA + Amino Acids = Polypeptide
Target 2 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Target 2 Signals
  • None
Target 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 2 Essentiality Essential
Target 2 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Not Available
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name Not Available
Target 2 PDB ID 1EMI Link Image
Target 2 PDB File Show
Target 2 3D Structure
Target 2 Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasmic
Target 2 Gene Sequence >16S rRNA sequence 
AAATTGAAGAGTTTGATCATGGCTCAGATTGAACGCTGGCGGCAGGCCTAACACATGCAA
GTCGAACGGTAACAGGAAACAGCTTGCTGTTTCGCTGACGAGTGGCGGACGGGTGAGTAA
TGTCTGGGAAACTGCCTGATGGAGGGGGATAACTACTGGAAACGGTAGCTAATACCGCAT
AACGTCGCAAGACCAAAGAGGGGGACCCTCGGGCCTCTTGCCATCGGATGTGCCCAGATG
GGATTAGCTTGTTGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCAAGGCGACGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGA
GGATGACCAGCCACACTGGAACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGG
GGAATATTGCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGATGCAGCCATGCCGCGTGTATGAAGAAGGCCT
TCGGGTTGTAAAGTACTTTCAGCGGGGAGGAAGGGAGTAAAGTTAATACCTTTGCTCATT
GACGTTACCCGCAGAAGAAGCACCGGCTAACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAG
GGTGCAAGCGTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGCAGGCGGTTTGTTAAGTCA
GATGTGAAATCCCCGGGCTCAACCTGGGAACTGCATCTGATACTGGCAAGCTTGAGTCTC
GTAGAGGGGGGTAGAATTCCAGGTGTAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGAGATCTGGAGGAATACC
GGTGGCGAAGGCGGCCCCCTGGACGAAGACTGACGCTCAGGTGCGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCA
AACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGTCGACTTGGAGGTTGTGCC
CTTGAGGCGTGGCTTCCGGAGCTAACGCGTTAAGTCGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCGCA
AGGTTAAAACTCAAATGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAAT
TCGATGCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTGGTCTTGACATCCACGGAAGTTTTCAGAGATGAG
AATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGA
AATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGC
CGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTC
ATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAGAGAAGCG
ACCTCGCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCTCATAAAGTGCGTCGTAGTCCGGATTGGAGTCTGCAAC
TCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTGGATCAGAATGCCACGGTGAATACGT
TCCCGGGCCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCATGGGAGTGGGTTGCAAAAGAAGTAGGT
AGCTTAACCTTCGGGAGGGCGCTTACCACTTTGTGATTCATGACTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAA
CAAGGTAACCGTAGGGGAACCTGCGGTTGGATCACCTCCTTA
Target 2 GenBank Gene ID
Target 2 GeneCard ID Not Available
Target 2 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Target 2 HGNC ID Not Available
Target 2 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 2 Locus Not Available
Target 2 SNPs Not Available
Target 2 General References
  1. Gu XR, Gustafsson C, Ku J, Yu M, Santi DV: Identification of the 16S rRNA m5C967 methyltransferase from Escherichia coli. Biochemistry. 1999 Mar 30;38(13):4053-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Martin JF, Barreiro C, Gonzalez-Lavado E, Barriuso M: Ribosomal RNA and ribosomal proteins in corynebacteria. J Biotechnol. 2003 Sep 4;104(1-3):41-53. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Srivastava AK, Schlessinger D: Structure and organization of ribosomal DNA. Biochimie. 1991 Jun;73(6):631-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gutell RR, Larsen N, Woese CR: Lessons from an evolving rRNA: 16S and 23S rRNA structures from a comparative perspective. Microbiol Rev. 1994 Mar;58(1):10-26. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 2 Drug References
  1. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Roy U, Nair D: Biodiversity of organotin resistant Pseudomonas from west coast of India. Ecotoxicology. 2007 Mar;16(2):253-61. Epub 2006 Nov 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Brown JM, Cowley KD, Manninen KI, McNeil MM: Phenotypic and molecular epidemiologic evaluation of a Nocardia farcinica mastitis epizootic. Vet Microbiol. 2007 Nov 15;125(1-2):66-72. Epub 2007 May 6. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Wachino JI, Shibayama K, Kurokawa H, Kimura K, Yamane K, Suzuki S, Shibata N, Ike Y, Arakawa Y: Plasmid-mediated novel m1A1408 methyltransferase, NpmA, for 16S rRNA found in clinically isolated Escherichia coli resistant to structurally diverse aminoglycosides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Sep 17;. [PubMed Link Image]

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.