Drugbank Logo

Showing drug card for Pyridoxal (DB00147)

Legend: drug field target field enzyme field

for drugs
Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-06-13 13:24:05
Update Date 2009-06-23 18:07:23
Primary Accession Number DB00147
Secondary Accession Number
  • NUTR00049
Name Pyridoxal
Drug Type
  • Approved
  • Nutraceutical
  • Small Molecule
Description The 4-carboxyaldehyde form of vitamin B 6 which is converted to pyridoxal phosphate which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. [PubChem]
Synonyms
  1. PL
  2. Pyridoxaldehyde
  3. Vitamin B6 hydrochloride
Brand Names Not Available
Brand Mixtures Not Available
Chemical IUPAC Name 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridine-4-carbaldehyde
Chemical Formula C8H9NO3
Chemical Structure Structure
CAS Registry Number 65-22-5
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C8H9NO3/c1-5-8(12)7(4-11)6(3-10)2-9-5/h2,4,10,12H,3H2,1H3
InChI Key RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYAP
KEGG Drug Not Available
KEGG Compound C00250 Link Image
PubChem Compound 1050 Link Image
PubChem Substance 602424 Link Image
ChEBI ID 17310 Link Image
PharmGKB ID Not Available
HET ID PXL Link Image
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] Not Available
RxList Link Not Available
PDRhealth Link Not Available
Wikipedia Link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridoxal Link Image
FDA Label Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Synthesis Reference Not Available
Average Molecular Weight 167.1620
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 167.0582
State Solid
Melting Point 172 oC
Experimental Water Solubility Soluble Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 1.17e+01 mg/mL Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity
Predicted LogP 0.02 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogS Not Available
Predicted LogS -1.16 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental Caco2 Permeability Not Available
pKa/Isoelectric Point Not Available
Mass Spectrum Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID 1TD2 Link Image
Experimental PDB File Show
Experimental PDB Structure
Isomeric SMILES CC1=NC=C(CO)C(C=O)=C1O
Canonical SMILES CC1=NC=C(CO)C(C=O)=C1O
Drug Category
  • Dietary supplement
  • Micronutrient
  • Vitamin B Complex
  • Vitamins (Vitamin B Complex)
ATC Codes
AHFS Codes Not Available
Indication For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
Pharmacology Pyridoxal principally in the form of the coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, is involved in a wide range of biochemical reactions, including the metabolism of amino acids and glycogen, the synthesis of nucleic acids, hemogloblin, sphingomyelin and other sphingolipids, and the synthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
Mechanism of Action Pyridoxal is the precursor to pyridoxal phosphate. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is involved in a wide range of biochemical reactions, including the metabolism of amino acids and glycogen, the synthesis of nucleic acids, hemogloblin, sphingomyelin and other sphingolipids, and the synthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
Absorption Not Available
Toxicity Oral LD50 Rat: 2150 mg/kg, Oral LD50 Mouse: 1800 mg/kg
Protein Binding Not Available
Biotransformation Not Available
Half Life Not Available
Dosage Forms Not Available
Patient Information Not Available
Contraindications Not Available
Interactions Not Available
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available
Pathways Not Available
General References
  1. Wikipedia Link Image
Organisms Affected
  • Humans and other mammals
Targets
  1. Pyridoxal kinase
  2. Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase
Drug Target 1 [top]
Target 1 ID 48
Target 1 Name Pyridoxal kinase
Target 1 Synonyms
  1. EC 2.7.1.35
  2. Pyridoxine kinase
Target 1 Gene Name PDXK
Target 1 Protein Sequence >Pyridoxal kinase 
MEEECRVLSIQSHVIRGYVGNRAATFPLQVLGFEIDAVNSVQFSNHTGYAHWKGQVLNSD
ELQELYEGLRLNNMNKYDYVLTGYTRDKSFLAMVVDIVQELKQQNPRLVYVCDPVLGDKW
DGEGSMYVPEDLLPVYKEKVVPLADIITPNQFEAELLSGRKIHSQEEALRVMDMLHSMGP
DTVVITSSDLPSPQGSNYLIVLGSQRRRNPAGSVVMERIRMDIRKVDAVFVGTGDLFAAM
LLAWTHKHPNNLKVACEKTVSTLHHVLQRTIQCAKAQAGEGVRPSPMQLELRMVQSKRDI
EDPEIVVQATVL
Target 1 Number of Residues 317
Target 1 Molecular Weight 35103
Target 1 Theoretical pI 6.05
Target 1 GO Classification
Function
catalytic activity
transferase activity
transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
kinase activity
pyridoxal kinase activity
Process
Not Available
Component
Not Available
Target 1 General Function Coenzyme transport and metabolism
Target 1 Specific Function Required for synthesis of pyridoxal-5-phosphate from vitamin B6
Target 1 Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Vitamin B6 metabolism SMP00017 Link Image map00750 Link Image
Target 1 Reactions
  • ATP + pyridoxal = ADP + pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
Target 1 Pfam Domain Function
Target 1 Signals
  • None
Target 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 1 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 1 GenBank ID Protein 1946349 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O00764 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PDXK_HUMAN Link Image
Target 1 PDB ID 1RFV Link Image
Target 1 PDB File Show
Target 1 3D Structure
Target 1 Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm
Target 1 Gene Sequence >939 bp 
ATGGAGGAGGAGTGCCGGGTGCTCTCCATACAGAGCCACGTCATCCGCGGCTACGTGGGC
AACCGGGCGGCCACGTTCCCGCTGCAGGTTTTGGGATTTGAGATTGACGCGGTGAACTCT
GTCCAGTTTTCAAACCACACAGGCTATGCCCACTGGAAGGGCCAAGTGCTGAATTCAGAT
GAGCTCCAGGAGTTGTACGAAGGCCTGAGGCTGAACAACATGAATAAATATGACTACGTG
CTCACAGGTTATACGAGGGACAAGTCGTTCCTGGCCATGGTGGTGGACATTGTGCAGGAG
CTGAAGCAGCAGAACCCCAGGCTGGTGTACGTGTGTGATCCAGTCTTGGGTGACAAGTGG
GACGGCGAAGGCTCGATGTACGTCCCGGAGGACCTCCTTCCCGTCTACAAAGAAAAAGTG
GTGCCGCTTGCAGACATTATCACGCCCAACCAGTTTGAGGCCGAGTTACTGAGTGGCCGG
AAGATCCACAGCCAGGAGGAAGCCTTGCGGGTGATGGACATGCTGCACTCTATGGGCCCC
GACACCGTGGTCATCACCAGCTCCGACCTGCCCTCCCCGCAGGGCAGCAACTACCTGATT
GTGCTGGGGAGTCAGAGGAGGAGGAATCCCGCTGGCTCCGTGGTGATGGAACGCATCCGG
ATGGACATTCGCAAAGTGGACGCCGTCTTTGTGGGCACTGGGGACCTGTTTGCTGCCATG
CTCCTGGCGTGGACACACAAGCACCCCAATAACCTCAAGGTGGCCTGTGAGAAGACCGTG
TCTACCTTGCACCACGTTCTGCAGAGGACCATCCAGTGTGCAAAAGCCCAGGCCGGGGAA
GGAGTGAGGCCCAGCCCCATGCAGCTGGAGCTGCGGATGGTGCAGAGCAAAAGGGACATC
GAGGACCCAGAGATCGTCGTCCAGGCCACGGTGCTGTGA
Target 1 GenBank Gene ID
Target 1 GeneCard ID PDXK Link Image
Target 1 GenAtlas ID PDXK Link Image
Target 1 HGNC ID HGNC:8819 Link Image
Target 1 Chromosome Location Not Available
Target 1 Locus Not Available
Target 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 1 General References
  1. Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD, Watanabe H, Yada T, Park HS, Toyoda A, Ishii K, Totoki Y, Choi DK, Groner Y, Soeda E, Ohki M, Takagi T, Sakaki Y, Taudien S, Blechschmidt K, Polley A, Menzel U, Delabar J, Kumpf K, Lehmann R, Patterson D, Reichwald K, Rump A, Schillhabel M, Schudy A, Zimmermann W, Rosenthal A, Kudoh J, Schibuya K, Kawasaki K, Asakawa S, Shintani A, Sasaki T, Nagamine K, Mitsuyama S, Antonarakis SE, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Nordsiek G, Hornischer K, Brant P, Scharfe M, Schon O, Desario A, Reichelt J, Kauer G, Blocker H, Ramser J, Beck A, Klages S, Hennig S, Riesselmann L, Dagand E, Haaf T, Wehrmeyer S, Borzym K, Gardiner K, Nizetic D, Francis F, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, Yaspo ML: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21. Nature. 2000 May 18;405(6784):311-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Lee HS, Moon BJ, Choi SY, Kwon OS: Human pyridoxal kinase: overexpression and properties of the recombinant enzyme. Mol Cells. 2000 Aug 31;10(4):452-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hanna MC, Turner AJ, Kirkness EF: Human pyridoxal kinase. cDNA cloning, expression, and modulation by ligands of the benzodiazepine receptor. J Biol Chem. 1997 Apr 18;272(16):10756-60. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 1 Drug References
  1. Tang L, Li MH, Cao P, Wang F, Chang WR, Bach S, Reinhardt J, Ferandin Y, Galons H, Wan Y, Gray N, Meijer L, Jiang T, Liang DC: Crystal structure of pyridoxal kinase in complex with roscovitine and derivatives. J Biol Chem. 2005 Sep 2;280(35):31220-9. Epub 2005 Jun 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kim SY, An JJ, Kim DW, Choi SH, Lee SH, Hwang SI, Kwon OS, Kang TC, Won MH, Cho SW, Park J, Eum WS, Lee KS, Choi SY: Tat-mediated protein transduction of human brain pyridoxine-5-P oxidase into PC12 cells. J Biochem Mol Biol. 2006 Jan 31;39(1):76-83. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Adams JB, George F, Audhya T: Abnormally high plasma levels of vitamin B6 in children with autism not taking supplements compared to controls not taking supplements. J Altern Complement Med. 2006 Jan-Feb;12(1):59-63. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Newman JA, Das SK, Sedelnikova SE, Rice DW: The crystal structure of an ADP complex of Bacillus subtilis pyridoxal kinase provides evidence for the parallel emergence of enzyme activity during evolution. J Mol Biol. 2006 Oct 20;363(2):520-30. Epub 2006 Aug 12. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 2 [top]
Target 2 ID 306
Target 2 Name Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase
Target 2 Synonyms
  1. EC 3.1.3.74
  2. PLP phosphatase
Target 2 Gene Name PDXP
Target 2 Protein Sequence >Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase 
MARCERLRGAALRDVLGRAQGVLFDCDGVLWNGERAVPGAPELLERLARAGKAALFVSNN
SRRARPELALRFARLGFGGLRAEQLFSSALCAARLLRQRLPGPPDAPGAVFVLGGEGLRA
ELRAAGLRLAGDPSAGDGAAPRVRAVLVGYDEHFSFAKLREACAHLRDPECLLVATDRDP
WHPLSDGSRTPGTGSLAAAVETASGRQALVVGKPSPYMFECITENFSIDPARTLMVGDRL
ETDILFGHRCGMTTVLTLTGVSRLEEAQAYLAAGQHDLVPHYYVESIADLTEGLED
Target 2 Number of Residues 300
Target 2 Molecular Weight 31699
Target 2 Theoretical pI 6.51
Target 2 GO Classification
Function
hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity
hydrolase activity
catalytic activity
Process
physiological process
metabolism
Component
Not Available
Target 2 General Function Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Target 2 Specific Function Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase. Has some activity towards pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PMP) and Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP), with a highest activity with PLP followed by PNP
Target 2 Pathways Not Available
Target 2 Reactions
  • pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + H2O = pyridoxal + phosphate
Target 2 Pfam Domain Function
Target 2 Signals
  • None
Target 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 2 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 2 GenBank ID Protein 37545684 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96GD0 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PLPP_HUMAN Link Image
Target 2 PDB ID Not Available
Target 2 Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasmic
Target 2 Gene Sequence >891 bp 
ATGGCGCGCTGCGAGAGGCTGCGCGGAGCGGCCCTGCGCGACGTGCTGGGCCGGGCGCAG
GGGGTCCTGTTCGACTGTGACGGGGTGCTGTGGAACGGCGAGCGCGCCGTGCCGGGCGCC
CCGGAGCTGCTGGAGCGGCTGGCGCGGGCCGGCAAGGCGGCTCTGTTTGTGAGCAACAAC
AGCCGGCGCGCGCGGCCCGAGCTGGCCCTGCGCTTCGCGCGCCTCGGCTTCGGGGGGCTG
CGCGCCGAGCAGCTCTTCAGCTCCGCGCTGTGCGCCGCGCGCCTGCTGCGCCAGCGCCTG
CCCGGGCCTCCGGACGCGCCGGGCGCCGTGTTCGTGCTGGGCGGCGAGGGGCTGCGCGCC
GAGCTGCGCGCCGCGGGGCTGCGCCTGGCCGGGGACCCGAGCGCGGGGGACGGCGCGGCC
CCGCGCGTGCGCGCCGTGCTTGTGGGCTACGACGAGCACTTCTCCTTCGCCAAGCTGAGG
GAGGCGTGCGCGCACCTGCGCGACCCCGAGTGCCTACTCGTGGCCACCGACCGTGACCCA
TGGCACCCGCTGAGCGACGGCAGCCGGACCCCTGGCACCGGGAGCCTGGCCGCTGCAGTG
GAGACAGCCTCGGGACGCCAGGCCCTGGTGGTGGGCAAGCCCAGCCCCTACATGTTCGAG
TGCATCACGGAGAACTTCAGCATCGACCCCGCACGCACGCTTATGGTGGGTGACCGCCTG
GAGACCGACATCCTCTTTGGCCACCGCTGCGGCATGACCACTGTGCTCACGCTCACAGGA
GTCTCCCGCCTAGAAGAGGCCCAGGCCTACCTAGCGGCCGGCCAGCACGACCTCGTGCCC
CATTACTATGTGGAGAGCATCGCAGACTTGACAGAGGGGTTGGAGGACTGA
Target 2 GenBank Gene ID
Target 2 GeneCard ID PDXP Link Image
Target 2 GenAtlas ID PDXP Link Image
Target 2 HGNC ID HGNC:30259 Link Image
Target 2 Chromosome Location 22
Target 2 Locus 22cen-q12.3
Target 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 2 General References
  1. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 2 Drug References
  1. Jang YM, Kim DW, Kang TC, Won MH, Baek NI, Moon BJ, Choi SY, Kwon OS: Human pyridoxal phosphatase. Molecular cloning, functional expression, and tissue distribution. J Biol Chem. 2003 Dec 12;278(50):50040-6. Epub 2003 Sep 30. [PubMed Link Image]

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.