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Identification
Name Reboxetine
Accession Number DB00234 (APRD00198)
Type small molecule
Groups approved
Description

Reboxetine is an antidepressant drug used in the treatment of clinical depression, panic disorder and ADD/ADHD. Its mesylate (i.e. methanesulfonate) salt is sold under tradenames including Edronax, Norebox, Prolift, Solvex, Davedax or Vestra. Reboxetine has two chiral centers, but it only exists as two enantiomers, (R,R)-(-)- and (S,S)-(+)-reboxetine.
Structure Thumb
Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure
Synonyms
Reboxetine mesylate
Salts Not Available
Brand names
Name Company
Davedax
Edronax
Norebox
Prolift
Solvex
Vestra
Brand mixtures Not Available
Categories
  • Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors
  • Antidepressive Agents
CAS number 98769-81-4
Weight Average: 313.3908
Monoisotopic: 313.167793607
Chemical Formula C19H23NO3
InChI Key InChIKey=CBQGYUDMJHNJBX-OALUTQOASA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C19H23NO3/c1-2-21-16-10-6-7-11-17(16)23-19(15-8-4-3-5-9-15)18-14-20-12-13-22-18/h3-11,18-20H,2,12-14H2,1H3/t18-,19-/m0/s1
Plain Text
IUPAC Name
(2S)-2-[(S)-2-ethoxyphenoxy(phenyl)methyl]morpholine
SMILES
[H][C@]1(CNCCO1)[C@@H](OC1=CC=CC=C1OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1
Plain Text
Mass Spec Not Available
Taxonomy
Kingdom Organic
Classes
  • Phenylpropylamines
Substructures
  • Benzyl Alcohols and Derivatives
  • Aliphatic and Aryl Amines
  • Phenols and Derivatives
  • Ethers
  • Benzene and Derivatives
  • Catechols
  • Heterocyclic compounds
  • Aromatic compounds
  • Anisoles
  • Phenylpropylamines
  • Morpholines
  • Phenyl Esters
Pharmacology
Indication For the treatment of clinical depression.
Pharmacodynamics Reboxetine is a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (NaRI), the first drug of new antidepressant class. Reboxetine is an a-ariloxybenzyl derivative of morpholine. Reboxetine is primarily used to treat depression but has also been found useful in the treatment of narcolepsy and panic disorders.
Mechanism of action Reboxetine is a selective inhibitor of noradrenaline reuptake. It inhibits noradrenaline reuptake in vitro to a similar extent to the tricyclic antidepressant desmethylimipramine. Reboxetine does not affect dopamine or serotonin reuptake and it has low in vivo and in vitro affinity for adrenergic, cholinergic, histaminergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic receptors.
Absorption Reboxetine is rapidly and extensively absorbed following oral administration.
Volume of distribution Not Available
Protein binding 98%
Metabolism Reboxetine is metabolized by dealkylation, hydroxylation and oxidation followed by glucuronide or sulphate conjugation. It is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 CYP isoenzyme 3A4.
Route of elimination Not Available
Half life 12.5 hours
Clearance Not Available
Toxicity Reports of seizures (rare) have been reported
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways Not Available
Pharmacoeconomics
Manufacturers Not Available
Packagers Not Available
Dosage forms
Form Route Strength
Tablet Oral
Prices Not Available
Patents Not Available
Properties
State solid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
melting point 170-171 °C (Mesylate salt) Not Available
water solubility 8 mg/mL (Mesylate salt) Not Available
logP 3.1 Not Available
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility 2.23e-02 g/l ALOGPS
logP 3.06 ALOGPS
logP 3.28 ChemAxon
logS -4.2 ALOGPS
pKa (strongest basic) 7.91 ChemAxon
physiological charge 1 ChemAxon
hydrogen acceptor count 4 ChemAxon
hydrogen donor count 1 ChemAxon
polar surface area 39.72 ChemAxon
rotatable bond count 6 ChemAxon
refractivity 89.48 ChemAxon
polarizability 34.17 ChemAxon
References
Synthesis Reference Not Available
General Reference
  1. Fleishaker JC: Clinical pharmacokinetics of reboxetine, a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor for the treatment of patients with depression. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2000 Dec;39(6):413-27. Pubmed
  2. Edwards DM, Pellizzoni C, Breuel HP, Berardi A, Castelli MG, Frigerio E, Poggesi I, Rocchetti M, Dubini A, Strolin Benedetti M: Pharmacokinetics of reboxetine in healthy volunteers. Single oral doses, linearity and plasma protein binding. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1995 Aug;16(6):443-60. Pubmed
  3. Wienkers LC, Allievi C, Hauer MJ, Wynalda MA: Cytochrome P-450-mediated metabolism of the individual enantiomers of the antidepressant agent reboxetine in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Nov;27(11):1334-40. Pubmed
  4. Kasper S, el Giamal N, Hilger E: Reboxetine: the first selective noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2000 May;1(4):771-82. Pubmed
  5. Fleishaker JC: Clinical pharmacokinetics of reboxetine, a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor for the treatment of patients with depression. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2000 Dec;39(6):413-27. Pubmed
External Links
Resource Link
PubChem Compound 65856 Link_out
PubChem Substance 46504845 Link_out
ChemSpider 59268 Link_out
BindingDB 35226 Link_out
Therapeutic Targets Database DAP000720 Link_out
PharmGKB PA144614921 Link_out
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reboxetine Link_out
ATC Codes
  • N06AX18
AHFS Codes Not Available
PDB Entries Not Available
FDA label Not Available
MSDS Not Available
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available
Targets

1. Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: inhibitor

Amine transporter. Terminates the action of noradrenaline by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P23975 Link_out
Gene: SLC6A2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Rauhut AS, Mullins SN, Dwoskin LP, Bardo MT: Reboxetine: attenuation of intravenous nicotine self-administration in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Nov;303(2):664-72. Pubmed
  2. Wilson AA, Johnson DP, Mozley D, Hussey D, Ginovart N, Nobrega J, Garcia A, Meyer J, Houle S: Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of novel radiotracers for the in vivo imaging of the norepinephrine transporter. Nucl Med Biol. 2003 Feb;30(2):85-92. Pubmed
  3. Lin KS, Ding YS, Kim SW, Kil KE: Synthesis, enantiomeric resolution, F-18 labeling and biodistribution of reboxetine analogs: promising radioligands for imaging the norepinephrine transporter with positron emission tomography. Nucl Med Biol. 2005 May;32(4):415-22. Pubmed
  4. Spivak B, Strous RD, Shaked G, Shabash E, Kotler M, Weizman A: Reboxetine versus fluvoxamine in the treatment of motor vehicle accident-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a double-blind, fixed-dosage, controlled trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006 Apr;26(2):152-6. Pubmed
  5. Mitchell HA, Ahern TH, Liles LC, Javors MA, Weinshenker D: The effects of norepinephrine transporter inactivation on locomotor activity in mice. Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Nov 15;60(10):1046-52. Epub 2006 Aug 7. Pubmed
  6. Kasper S, el Giamal N, Hilger E: Reboxetine: the first selective noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2000 May;1(4):771-82. Pubmed
Enzymes

1. Cytochrome P450 3A4

Actions: substrate

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4- hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide

UniProt ID: P08684 Link_out
Gene: CYP3A4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

2. Cytochrome P450 2D6

Actions: inhibitor, inducer

Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants

UniProt ID: P10635 Link_out
Gene: CYP2D6 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed
Transporters

1. Multidrug resistance protein 1

Actions: inhibitor

Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells

UniProt ID: P08183 Link_out
Gene: ABCB1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Weiss J, Dormann SM, Martin-Facklam M, Kerpen CJ, Ketabi-Kiyanvash N, Haefeli WE: Inhibition of P-glycoprotein by newer antidepressants. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Apr;305(1):197-204. Pubmed
Comments
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on February 08, 2013 16:19