Triamcinolone

Identification

Summary

Triamcinolone is a glucocorticoid used to treat a wide variety of inflammatory conditions of organ systems and tissues.

Brand Names
Allernaze, Aristocort, Aristocort R, Juulissa Pharmapak, Kenalog, Kourzeq, Marcaine, Nasacort, Oracort, Oralone, Pediaderm Ta, Triaderm, Trianex, Triderm, Triesence, Triloan Suik, Tritocin, Viaderm Kc, Xipere, Zilretta
Generic Name
Triamcinolone
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00620
Background

Triamcinolone is a corticosteroid used to treat various inflammatory conditions in the body from allergic rhinitis to acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis.13 Triamcinolone can be used as a one time adjunct treatment of osteoarthritic knee pain,16 or first line as a topical treatment of corticosteroid responsive dermatoses.11 Triamcinolone is more commonly seen in the forms triamcinolone hexacetonide, triamcinolone acetonide, and triamcinolone diacetate.10,11,12,13,14,15,16

Triamcinolone was granted FDA approval on 3 December 1957.9 In October 2021, a suspension of triamcinolone acetonide was approved for suprachoroidal injection - the first suprachoroidal injection to receive FDA approval19 - for the treatment of patients with macular edema associated with uveitis.18

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Vet approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 394.4339
Monoisotopic: 394.179166801
Chemical Formula
C21H27FO6
Synonyms
  • 11β,16α,17α,21-tetrahydroxy-9α-fluoro-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione
  • 9-fluoro-11β,16α,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
  • 9α-fluoro-11β,16α,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
  • 9α-fluoro-11β,16α,17α,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
  • 9α-fluoro-16α-hydroxyprednisolone
  • Fluoxyprednisolone
  • Tiamcinolonum
  • Triamcinolona
  • Triamcinolone
  • Triamcinolonum

Pharmacology

Indication

Triamcinolone hexacetonide injections are indicated for intralesional administration in alopecia areata, discoid lupus erythematosus, keloids, and necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum.10 This formulation can also be used for localized hypertrophic infiltrated inflammatory lesions of granuloma annulare, lichen planus, lichen simplex chronicus, and psoriatic plaques.10

Triamcinolone acetonide spray and cream are indicated for the treatment of inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid responsive dermatoses.11,14 A triamcinolone acetonide 10mg/mL or 40mg/mL injection is indicated intra-articularly for acute gouty arthritis, acute and subacute bursitis, acute nonspecific tenosynovitis, epicondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and synovitis of osteoarthritis.12,13 The same 10mg/mL injection is indicated by the intralesional route for the treatment of alopecia areata, discoid lupus erythematosus, keloids, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, and tumors of an aponeurosis or tendon.12 This formulation can also be used for localized hypertrophic infiltrated inflammatory lesions of granuloma annulare, lichen planus, lichen simplex chronicus, and psoriatic plaques.12 The 40mg/mL injection is indicated intramuscularly for controlling severe allergic conditions such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, drug hypersensitivity, perennial or seasonal allergic rhinitis, serum sickness, and transfusion reactions; treatment of bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, exfoliative erythroderma, mycosis fungoides, pemphigus, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypercalcemia in cancer, nonsuppurative thyroiditis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, pure red cell aplasia, secondary thrombocytopenia, trichinosis, tuberculous meningitis, acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis or cerebral edema, sympathetic ophthalmia, temporal arteritis, uveitis, ocular inflammation, berylliosis, idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonias, symptomatic sarcoidosis, dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and systemic lupus erythematosus; adjunct treatment of adrenocortical insufficiency, regional enteritis, ulcerative colitis, fulminating or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, acute gouty arthritis, acute rheumatic carditis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis; palliative management of leukemia and lymphoma; induction of diuresis or remission of proteinuria in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome or lupus erythematosus.13 A triamcinolone intravitreal injection is indicated for the treatment of sympathetic ophthalmia, temporal arteritis, uveitis, and ocular inflammatory conditions.15 The intravitreal injection is also used for visualization during vitrectomy.15 An extended release suspension is indicated intra-articularly for management of pain in osteoarthritis of the knee.16

A triamcinolone acetonide suspension for injection into the suprachoroidal space is indicated for the treatment of macular edema associated with uveitis.18

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Used in combination to treatAcneCombination Product in combination with: Kanamycin (DB01172)••••••••••••••••••••
Treatment ofAcne vulgaris••• ••••••••••••••
Adjunct therapy in management ofAcute gouty arthritis•••••••••••••••••••••
Symptomatic treatment ofAcute gouty arthritis•••••••••••••••••••••
Used in combination to treatAllergic contact dermatitisCombination Product in combination with: Salicylic acid (DB00936)••••••••••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Triamcinolone is a corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory properties.8 These properties are used to treat inflammation in conditions that affect various organs and tissues.15 Triamcinolone should not be administered as an epidural injection.10,12,13,15,16

Mechanism of action

Corticosteroids like triamcinolone inhibit phospholipase A2 on cell membranes, preventing the breakdown of lysosomal membranes of leukocytes, which in turn prevent the formation of arachidonic acid, which decrease expression of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, inhibiting synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes.8 Anti-inflammatory activity occurs via reversal of vascular dilation and reducing permeability, which prevents macrophage and leukocyte migration.8 Triamcinolone also inhibits nuclear factor kappa-B, which decreases the production of pro-inflammatory signals such as interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.8

TargetActionsOrganism
AGlucocorticoid receptor
agonist
Humans
Absorption

A 16mg oral dose of triamcinolone reaches a Cmax of 5.23±0.84ng/mL with a Tmax of 2.24±0.78h and an AUC of 36.0±6.2ng*h/mL.4

A 2mg intravenous dose of triamcinolone acetonide has an AUC of 57.7ng*h/mL.3 The bioavailability of 800µg of inhaled triamcinolone acetonide is 25%, with 10.4% coming from pulmonary absorption and the rest being accounted for by deposition on the oral mucosa and other underlying factors.2 An inhaled dose of triamcinolone acetonide reaches a Cmax of 0.92ng/mL with a Tmax of 1.74h and an AUC of 5.12ng*h/mL.2 The fraction of an inhaled dose that is actually absorbed via the pulmonary route reaches a Cmax of 0.55ng/mL with a Tmax of 0.66h and an AUC of 2.15ng*h/mL.2

A 16mg oral dose of triamcinolone diacetate reaches a Cmax of 5.33±1.55ng/mL with a Tmax of 1.86±0.47h and an AUC of 32.7±9.9ng*h/mL.4

Volume of distribution

The apparent volume of distribution of triamcinolone is 115.2±10L.4 The mean apparent volume of distribution of triamcinolone acetonide is 1.96L/kg.2 The apparent volume of distribution of triamcinolone diacetate is 119.7±33.14L.4

Protein binding

Triamcinolone is mostly bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin or serum albumin.5 Triamcinolone acetonide is approximately 68% protein bound in plasma.7

Metabolism

The major metabolite of triamcinolone is 6-beta-hydroxy-triamcinolone.1 Data regarding the metabolism of triamcinolone is not readily available.10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

Route of elimination

Approximately 20% of a dose of triamcinolone is recovered in the urine as the unchanged drug, 25% is recovered as 6-beta-hydroxy-triamcinolone, and 5% is recovered as unidentified metabolites.1

Half-life

The half life of triamcinolone is 2.7h.4 The mean terminal elimination half life following an inhaled dose of triamcinolone acetonide is 2.4h.2 The half life of triamcinolone diacetate is 2.8h.4

Clearance

The clearance of triamcinolone is 28.6±5.6L/h.4 The mean total body clearance of triamcinolone acetonide is 0.57L/h.2 The clearance of triamcinolone diacetate is 34.4±10.6L/h.4

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

The subcutaneous LD50 of triamcinolone acetonide in rats is 13,100µg/kg and in mice is 132mg/kg.17 The oral LD50 in rats is 1451mg/kg and in mice is 2168mg/kg.[LD50] The intraperitoneal LD50 in mice is 105mg/kg.[LD50]

Patients experiencing an overdose may develop Cushing's syndrome.6 This overdose may be treated with supportive therapy and mifepristone for its antiglucocorticoid activity.6

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AbametapirThe serum concentration of Triamcinolone can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
AbataceptThe metabolism of Triamcinolone can be increased when combined with Abatacept.
AbciximabThe therapeutic efficacy of Abciximab can be decreased when used in combination with Triamcinolone.
AbemaciclibThe metabolism of Abemaciclib can be increased when combined with Triamcinolone.
AcalabrutinibThe metabolism of Acalabrutinib can be increased when combined with Triamcinolone.
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Triamcinolone acetonideF446C597KA76-25-5YNDXUCZADRHECN-JNQJZLCISA-N
Triamcinolone diacetateA73MM2Q32P67-78-7XGMPVBXKDAHORN-RBWIMXSLSA-N
Triamcinolone hexacetonideI7GT1U99Y95611-51-8TZIZWYVVGLXXFV-FLRHRWPCSA-N
Product Images
International/Other Brands
Delphicort / Flutex / Kenacort / Omcilon-A / Oracort / Tri-Nasal / Triacet / Triacort / Triaderm / Tricortone / Trilone / Tristoject
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
AllerNazeSpray, metered0.5 mg/1mLNasalLupin Pharmaceuticals2011-02-01Not applicableUS flag
AristocortInjection, suspension40 mg/1mLIntra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; ParenteralSandoz1961-09-051961-09-05US flag
AristocortInjection, suspension40 mg/1mLIntra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; ParenteralPhysicians Total Care, Inc.1961-09-052005-07-28US flag
Aristocort - Syr Orl 0.4mg/mlSyrup.4 mg / mLOralGlades, Division Of Stiefel Canada Inc.1996-10-101997-08-05Canada flag
Aristocort - Tab 4mgTablet4 mgOralGlades, Division Of Stiefel Canada Inc.1998-05-112004-01-27Canada flag
Generic Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Apo-triamcinolone AQSpray, metered55 mcg / actNasalApotex Corporation2016-06-15Not applicableCanada flag
DermacinRx Silazone PakCream; Kit1 mg/1gTopicalPureTek Corporation2015-12-102018-08-15US flag
DermacinRx TrizapakKit1 mg/1gTopicalPure Tek Corporation2016-08-022017-08-17US flag
Dermasorb TA Complete KitKit1 mg/1gTopicalCrown Laboratories2013-11-142019-08-30US flag
DermazoneCream; Kit1 mg/1gTopicalShoreline Pharmaceuticals, Inc.2016-04-202018-08-15US flag
Over the Counter Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
24 Hour Nasal AllergySpray, metered55 ug/1NasalKroger Company2016-04-10Not applicableUS flag
24 Hour Nasal AllergySpray, metered55 ug/1NasalMeijer Distribution Inc2017-01-18Not applicableUS flag
Allergy NasalSpray, metered55 ug/1NasalWalgreen Company2016-04-10Not applicableUS flag
Basic Care Nasal AllergySpray, metered55 ug/1NasalAmazon.com Services LLC2021-07-26Not applicableUS flag
Basic Care Nasal AllergySpray, metered55 ug/1NasalL. Perrigo Company2018-04-25Not applicableUS flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
AECORAS OINTMENTTriamcinolone acetonide (0.1 %) + Econazole nitrate (1 %)OintmentTopicalDUOPHARMA (M) SDN. BHD.2020-09-082022-02-08Malaysia flag
AFTOJEL % 0,1 + %3 JEL (5 G)Triamcinolone acetonide (1 mg/g) + Diclofenac sodium (30 mg/g)GelTopicalORVA İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.2008-04-30Not applicableTurkey flag
Aristoform R Crm 0.1%Triamcinolone acetonide (1 mg / g) + Clioquinol (30 mg / g)CreamTopicalLederle Cyanamid Canada Inc.1966-12-311997-01-29Canada flag
Aureocort 1 mg/g + 30 mg/g SalbeTriamcinolone acetonide (1 mg/g) + Chlortetracycline hydrochloride (30 mg/g)OintmentTopicalDermapharm Gmb H1966-09-28Not applicableAustria flag
BtTriamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/1mL) + Bupivacaine hydrochloride (5 mg/1mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (0.7 mL/1) + Povidone-iodine (0.10 g/1)Cloth; Injection, solution; Kit; SolutionEpidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intramuscular; TopicalSa3, Llc2015-07-012017-12-01US flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Bupivilog KitTriamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/1mL) + Bupivacaine hydrochloride (5 mg/1mL) + Povidone-iodine (10 mg/1mL)KitEpidural; Intra-articular; Intramuscular; TopicalAsclemed Usa, Inc.2014-02-04Not applicableUS flag
Bupivilog KitTriamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/1mL) + Bupivacaine hydrochloride (5 mg/1mL) + Povidone-iodine (10 mg/1mL)KitEpidural; Intra-articular; Intramuscular; TopicalAdvanced Rx Pharmacy of Tennessee, LLC2023-07-31Not applicableUS flag
Calcipotriene 0.005% / Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1%Triamcinolone acetonide (0.1 g/100g) + Calcipotriol (0.005 g/100g)OintmentTopicalSincerus Florida, LLC2019-05-11Not applicableUS flag
Ellzia PakTriamcinolone acetonide (1 mg/1g) + Dimethicone (50 mg/1mL)KitTopicalPureTek Corporation2016-12-29Not applicableUS flag
Hexatrione 2%Triamcinolone hexacetonide (40 mg/2mL)Injection, suspensionIntra-articularMedexus Pharma, Inc.2021-03-03Not applicableUS flag

Categories

ATC Codes
D07AB09 — TriamcinoloneR01AD11 — TriamcinoloneR03BA06 — TriamcinoloneD07BB03 — Triamcinolone and antisepticsA01AC01 — TriamcinoloneH02AB08 — TriamcinoloneD07CB01 — Triamcinolone and antibioticsS01BA05 — TriamcinoloneD07XB02 — TriamcinoloneS02CA04 — Triamcinolone and antiinfectivesC05AA12 — Triamcinolone
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 21-hydroxysteroids. These are steroids carrying a hydroxyl group at the 21-position of the steroid backbone.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Lipids and lipid-like molecules
Class
Steroids and steroid derivatives
Sub Class
Hydroxysteroids
Direct Parent
21-hydroxysteroids
Alternative Parents
Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives / 20-oxosteroids / 11-beta-hydroxysteroids / 16-alpha-hydroxysteroids / 17-hydroxysteroids / Halogenated steroids / 3-oxo delta-1,4-steroids / Delta-1,4-steroids / Tertiary alcohols / Alpha-hydroxy ketones
show 10 more
Substituents
11-beta-hydroxysteroid / 11-hydroxysteroid / 16-alpha-hydroxysteroid / 16-hydroxysteroid / 17-hydroxysteroid / 20-oxosteroid / 21-hydroxysteroid / 3-oxo-delta-1,4-steroid / 3-oxosteroid / 9-halo-steroid
show 26 more
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
11beta-hydroxy steroid, 17alpha-hydroxy steroid, glucocorticoid, 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid, 20-oxo steroid, fluorinated steroid, 16alpha-hydroxy steroid, 21-hydroxy steroid, C21-steroid hormone (CHEBI:9667)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
1ZK20VI6TY
CAS number
124-94-7
InChI Key
GFNANZIMVAIWHM-OBYCQNJPSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C21H27FO6/c1-18-6-5-12(24)7-11(18)3-4-13-14-8-15(25)21(28,17(27)10-23)19(14,2)9-16(26)20(13,18)22/h5-7,13-16,23,25-26,28H,3-4,8-10H2,1-2H3/t13-,14-,15+,16-,18-,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1
IUPAC Name
(1S,2R,3aS,3bS,9aS,9bR,10S,11aS)-9b-fluoro-1,2,10-trihydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1H,2H,3H,3aH,3bH,4H,5H,7H,9aH,9bH,10H,11H,11aH-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one
SMILES
[H][C@@]12C[C@@H](O)[C@](O)(C(=O)CO)[C@@]1(C)C[C@H](O)[C@@]1(F)[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]12C

References

Synthesis Reference

Abu Alam, "Triamcinolone formulations and methods for their preparation and use." U.S. Patent US20040186084, issued September 23, 2004.

US20040186084
General References
  1. FLORINI JR, SMITH LL, BUYSKE DA: Metabolic fate of a synthetic corticosteroid (triamcinolone) in the dog. J Biol Chem. 1961 Apr;236:1038-42. [Article]
  2. Argenti D, Shah B, Heald D: A pharmacokinetic study to evaluate the absolute bioavailability of triamcinolone acetonide following inhalation administration. J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Jul;39(7):695-702. doi: 10.1177/00912709922008335. [Article]
  3. Derendorf H, Hochhaus G, Rohatagi S, Mollmann H, Barth J, Sourgens H, Erdmann M: Pharmacokinetics of triamcinolone acetonide after intravenous, oral, and inhaled administration. J Clin Pharmacol. 1995 Mar;35(3):302-5. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04064.x. [Article]
  4. Hochhaus G, Portner M, Barth J, Mollmann H, Rohdewald P: Oral bioavailability of triamcinolone tablets and a triamcinolone diacetate suspension. Pharm Res. 1990 May;7(5):558-60. doi: 10.1023/a:1015889305157. [Article]
  5. FLORINI JR, BUYSKE DA: Plasma protein binding of triamcinolone-H3 and hydrocortisone-4-C14. J Biol Chem. 1961 Jan;236:247-51. [Article]
  6. Schweitzer DH, Le-Brun PP, Krishnaswami S, Derendorf H: Clinical and pharmacological aspects of accidental triamcinolone acetonide overdosage: a case study. Neth J Med. 2000 Jan;56(1):12-6. [Article]
  7. Argenti D, Jensen BK, Hensel R, Bordeaux K, Schleimer R, Bickel C, Heald D: A mass balance study to evaluate the biotransformation and excretion of [14C]-triamcinolone acetonide following oral administration. J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Jul;40(7):770-80. doi: 10.1177/00912700022009413. [Article]
  8. Sidhu G, Preuss CV: Triamcinolone . [Article]
  9. FDA Approved Drug Products: Aristocort Triamcinolone Oral Tablets (Discontinued) [Link]
  10. FDA Approved Drug Products: Triamcinolone Hexacetonide Injection [Link]
  11. FDA Approved Drug Products: Triamcinolone Acetonide Topical Spray [Link]
  12. FDA Approved Drug Products: Triamcinolone Acetonide 10mg/mL Injection [Link]
  13. FDA Approved Drug Products: Triamcinolone Acetonide 40mg/mL Injection [Link]
  14. FDA Approved Drug Products: Triamcinolone Acetonide Topical Cream [Link]
  15. FDA Approved Drug Products: Triamcinolone Acetonide Intravitreal Injection [Link]
  16. FDA Approved Drug Products: Triamcinolone Acetonide Intraarticular Extended Release Suspension [Link]
  17. Cayman Chemicals: Triamcinolone Acetonide MSDS [Link]
  18. FDA Approved Drug Products: Xipere (triamcinolone acetonide) suspension for suprachoroidal injection [Link]
  19. PR Newswire: Bausch + Lomb and Clearside Biomedical Announce FDA Approval of XIPERE™ (triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension) for Suprachoroidal Use for the Treatment of Macular Edema Associated with Uveitis [Link]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0014758
KEGG Drug
D00385
PubChem Compound
31307
PubChem Substance
46507950
ChemSpider
29046
BindingDB
41132
RxNav
10759
ChEBI
9667
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1451
ZINC
ZINC000003882036
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP000417
PharmGKB
PA451749
Guide to Pharmacology
GtP Drug Page
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
PDRhealth
PDRhealth Drug Page
Wikipedia
Triamcinolone
FDA label
Download (150 KB)
MSDS
Download (72.6 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4Active Not RecruitingTreatmentAtopic Dermatitis1
4Active Not RecruitingTreatmentOsteoarthritis (OA) / TMJ1
4Active Not RecruitingTreatmentOsteoarthritis of the Knee1
4CompletedBasic ScienceRheumatoid Arthritis1
4CompletedBasic ScienceTo Assess the Changes in Bone Mineral Density / To Assess the Changes in Markers of Bone Turnover Over a Six Month Period After Epidural Steroid Inject1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
  • Astellas pharma us inc
  • Bristol myers squibb co
  • Barr laboratories inc
  • Impax laboratories inc
  • Ivax pharmaceuticals inc sub teva pharmaceuticals usa
  • Mylan pharmaceuticals inc
  • Purepac pharmaceutical co
  • Roxane laboratories inc
  • Sandoz inc
  • Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc
  • Watson laboratories inc
  • Abbott laboratories
  • Sanofi aventis us llc
  • Ivax pharmaceuticals inc
  • Apothecon inc div bristol myers squibb
  • Solvay pharmaceuticals
  • Actavis mid atlantic llc
  • Alpharma us pharmaceuticals division
  • Altana inc
  • Ambix laboratories div organics corp america
  • G and w laboratories inc
  • Morton grove pharmaceuticals inc
  • Perrigo new york inc
  • Pharmaderm div altana inc
  • Pharmafair inc
  • Taro pharmaceuticals inc
  • Taro pharmaceuticals usa inc
  • Topiderm inc
  • Vintage pharmaceuticals llc
  • Del ray laboratories inc
  • Savage laboratories inc div altana inc
  • Parnell pharmaceuticals inc
  • Sandoz canada inc
  • Allergan inc
  • Alcon inc
  • Bristol myers squibb co pharmaceutical research institute
  • Wockhardt eu operations (swiss) ag
  • Carolina medical products co
  • Lyne laboratories inc
  • Lupin atlantis holding sa switzerland
  • Ranbaxy laboratories inc
  • Akorn inc
Packagers
  • AAIPharma Inc.
  • Abbott Laboratories Ltd.
  • Actavis Group
  • Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
  • Aidarex Pharmacuticals LLC
  • Alcon Laboratories
  • Armstrong Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • A-S Medication Solutions LLC
  • Blansett Pharmacal Co. Inc.
  • Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
  • C.O. Truxton Inc.
  • Carlisle Laboratories Inc.
  • Carolina Medical Products Co.
  • Clint Pharmaceutical Inc.
  • Crown Laboratories Inc.
  • Darby Dental Supply Co. Inc.
  • Del Ray Dermatology
  • Dept Health Central Pharmacy
  • Dispensing Solutions
  • Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
  • E. Fougera and Co.
  • E.R. Squibb and Sons LLC
  • G & W Labs
  • Generics Puerto Rico Inc.
  • Genesis Pharmaceutical Inc.
  • Goldline Laboratories Inc.
  • Group Health Cooperative
  • H.J. Harkins Co. Inc.
  • Hl Moore Drug Exchange
  • Ide Interstate
  • Innoviant Pharmacy Inc.
  • Inyx Usa Ltd.
  • Keene Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
  • Major Pharmaceuticals
  • Martica Enterprises Inc.
  • Martin Surgical Supply
  • Medisca Inc.
  • Medvantx Inc.
  • Mericon
  • Merit Pharmaceuticals
  • National Pharmaceuticals
  • Nycomed Inc.
  • Paddock Labs
  • Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Parnell Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Perrigo Co.
  • Pharmedix
  • Physicians Total Care Inc.
  • Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Primedics Laboratories
  • Princeton Pharmaceutical Products Inc.
  • Qualitest
  • Ranbaxy Laboratories
  • Rebel Distributors Corp.
  • Robar Inc.
  • San Jose Surgical Supply Inc.
  • Sandoz
  • Sanofi-Aventis Inc.
  • Savage Labs
  • Stat Rx Usa
  • Suppositoria Laboratories Inc.
  • Taro Pharmaceuticals USA
  • Topiderm Inc.
  • Vintage Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Watson Pharmaceuticals
  • Wockhardt Ltd.
  • X-Gen Pharmaceuticals
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
TabletOral0025 MG
Tablet, multilayerBuccal25 mcg
Spray, meteredNasal0.5 mg/1mL
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular; Intralesional; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial; Parenteral40 mg/1mL
SyrupOral.4 mg / mL
CreamTopical0.5 % w/w
CreamTopical5 mg / g
CreamTopical.025 %
CreamTopical.25 mg / g
LiquidIntra-articular; Intramuscular; Intrasynovial40 mg / mL
LiquidIntra-articular; Intradermal; Intramuscular25 mg / mL
CreamTopical0.1 % w/w
OintmentTopical0.1 % w/w
CreamTopical1 mg / g
OintmentTopical.1 %
SyrupOral2 mg / 5 mL
TabletOral2 mg
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular; Parenteral20 mg/1mL
Injection, suspensionIntralesional; Parenteral5 mg/1mL
SuspensionIntra-articular20 mg / mL
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular20 mg/ml
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular5 mg/ml
KitIntra-articular; Intramuscular40 mg/1mL
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)200 mcg / act
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)75 ug/1
Cream0.100 g
Cloth; injection, solution; kit; solutionEpidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intramuscular; Topical
KitEpidural; Intra-articular; Intramuscular; Topical
Injection, solution; injection, suspension; kitEpidural; Intra-articular; Intracaudal; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Perineural; Topical
SuspensionIntra-articular; Intramuscular40 mg
Cream; injection, suspension; kitIntra-articular; Intramuscular; Topical
KitTopical1 mg/1g
CapsuleOral
PasteOral
CreamTopical10 mg/g
CreamTopical
Injection10 mg/ml
Injection40 mg/ml
Injection, solution
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular40 mg/2mL
EmulsionTopical
KitInfiltration; Intra-articular; Intramuscular; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
SuspensionIntra-articular20 mg
Inhalant; injection, solution; injection, suspension; kit; solutionEpidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intracaudal; Intramuscular; Perineural; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
KitIntra-articular; Intralesional
KitIntra-articular; Intramuscular
PasteOral0.1 %
Injection, solutionIntra-articular; Intradermal40 mg/mL
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular; Intramuscular40 mg
Injection, suspensionParenteral40 MG/ML
SuspensionIntra-articular; Intradermal10 mg
InjectionIntra-articular; Intramuscular40 mg
OintmentOral0.1 %
Aerosol, sprayTopical0.147 mg/1g
LotionTopical0.25 mg/1mL
OintmentTopical5 mg/1g
Paste, dentifriceDental1 mg/1g
PasteDental1 mg / g
OintmentTopical1 mg / g
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular; Intralesional10 mg/1mL
SuspensionIntra-articular; Intrabursal; Intradermal; Intrasynovial10 mg / mL
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular; Intramuscular40 mg/1mL
Injection, suspensionIntramuscular40 mg/1mL
SuspensionIntra-articular; Intramuscular40 mg / mL
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular; Intramuscular80 mg/1mL
PasteOral1 mg/g
Ointment
SuspensionOphthalmic2.00 mg
CreamTopical1 mg/g
Cream
PasteDental
KitEpidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intramuscular; Topical
KitEpidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intramuscular
LiquidBuccal
SprayNasal0.055 %
ImplantSubcutaneous
Aerosol, meteredNasal100 mcg / dose
Aerosol, meteredNasal55 ug/1
Spray, suspensionNasal55 MCG
SprayNasal55 UG
Spray, meteredNasal55 mcg / act
SprayNasal0.055 mg
SprayNasal55 microgram
SprayNasal55 mcg
Spray, meteredNasal55 mcg / dose
Spray, meteredNasal
CreamTopical
OintmentTopical
Injection, solution; injection, suspension; kitInfiltration; Intra-articular; Intramuscular; Perineural; Topical
PasteDental0.1 %
PasteSubmucosal3 % w/w
LotionOral
LotionTopical0.5 % w/v
PasteDental
OintmentBuccal1 mg/1g
PasteSubmucosal1 mg/g
OintmentAuricular (otic)
PasteSubmucosal0.1 % w/w
Injection, suspension; kit; solutionIntra-articular; Intramuscular; Topical
Injection, solution; injection, suspension; kit; solutionEpidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intracaudal; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Perineural; Topical
GelTopical
CreamCutaneous
KitEpidural; Infiltration; Intra-articular; Intracaudal; Intramuscular; Perineural; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
Cloth; injection, solution; injection, suspension; kitInfiltration; Intra-articular; Intramuscular; Topical
KitInfiltration; Soft tissue; Topical
KitTopical
TabletOral
Injection, solutionIntra-articular; Intramuscular40 mg/1mL
SuspensionIntramuscular40 mg / mL
InjectionIntra-articular; Intramuscular40 mg/ml
InjectionIntradermal; Intramuscular10 mg/ml
Kit; ointmentTopical1 mg/1g
Cream; kitTopical1 mg/1g
Injection40 mg
Paste
Injection, suspension
Injection, solutionIntravenous200 mg/5ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous40 mg/ml
Injection, solutionIntravenous80 mg/2ml
Injection, suspensionIntravitreal80 MG/ML
SuspensionNasal56.100 mg
CreamTopical1 MG
Injection, suspensionParenteral40 MG/1ML
CreamTopical0.1 %
OintmentTopical0.25 mg / g
OintmentTopical0.1 %
Cream; kitTopical
Ointment0.1 %
SuspensionIntra-articular50 mg
CreamTopical0.1 mg/.1g
CreamTopical0.25 mg/1
CreamTopical0.25 mg/1g
CreamTopical1 mg/1g
CreamTopical1 mg/1
CreamTopical5 mg/1
CreamTopical5 mg/1g
InjectionIntra-articular; Intrabursal; Intradermal; Intralesional
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular; Intrabursal; Intradermal; Intralesional10 mg/1mL
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular; Intramuscular200 mg/5mL
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular; Intramuscular400 mg/10mL
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular; Intramuscular; Soft tissue40 mg/1mL
LotionTopical1 mg/1mL
OintmentTopical.5 mg/1g
OintmentTopical0.1 mg/0.100g
OintmentTopical0.25 mg/1g
OintmentTopical1 mg/1g
PasteDental1 mg/1g
PasteTopical1 mg/1g
SprayTopical0.147 mg/1g
Spray, meteredNasal55 ug/1
SuspensionIntra-arterial; Intramuscular40 mg/1mL
Cream
InjectionIntramuscular40 mg/ml
OintmentTopical.5 mg/1
SuspensionIntra-articular; Intrabursal; Intramuscular40 mg / mL
SuspensionIntralesional40 mg / mL
SuspensionIntra-articular; Intradermal; Intralesional; Intramuscular40 mg / mL
Injection, suspension40 mg/1ml
Injection, suspensionOphthalmic
SuspensionOphthalmic
SolutionOral0.2 %
EmulsionTopical0.1 %
Injection, suspensionParenteral80 MG/2ML
OintmentTopical0.5 mg/1g
Injection, suspensionIntramuscular40 mg/mL
Injection, solution40 mg/mL
Injection, suspensionOphthalmic40 mg/1mL
SuspensionIntravitreal40 mg / mL
Injection
SuspensionIntra-articular; Intradermal50 mg
SuspensionIntra-articular; Intrasynovial; Periarticular20 mg / mL
Injection, suspensionParenteral20 mg/ml
Injection, suspensionIntra-articular; Intramuscular; Intravitreal8 mg/0.1mL
TabletOral16 MG
TabletOral8 MG
CreamCutaneous1 mg/g
OintmentOral1 mg/g
OintmentCutaneous1 mg/g
SolutionTopical
InjectionParenteral40 mg
InjectionParenteral80 mg
Ointment1 mg/g
CreamTopical0.25 mg/g
Ointment0.25 mg/g
Injection, solutionIntramuscular
KitIntra-articular32 mg/1
Suspension10 mg/1ml
Suspension40 mg/1ml
Cream0.02 %w/w
LotionTopical0.1 %w/w
Solution; sprayNasal55 mcg/1dose
GelOral0.1 %w/w
Cream0.5 %w/w
TabletOral4 mg
Cream0.1 %w/w
OintmentTopical0.1 %w/w
PasteOral0.1 %w/w
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Triesence 40 mg/ml vial148.8USD ml
Kenalog Aerosol 63 gm Can118.99USD can
Nasacort AQ 55 mcg/act Aerosol (Nasal Spray)118.74USD inhaler
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% Paste 5 gm Tube71.7USD tube
Kenalog 0.5% Cream 20 gm Tube54.99USD tube
Kenalog 0.1% Lotion 60ml Bottle51.99USD bottle
Kenalog 0.025% Lotion 60ml Bottle46.99USD bottle
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.025% Lotion 60ml Bottle40.99USD bottle
Triamcinolone diacetate powder26.01USD g
Triamcinolone powder20.29USD g
Kenalog 0.1% Cream 15 gm Tube18.99USD tube
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% Ointment 80 gm Tube18.99USD tube
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.5% Ointment 15 gm Tube14.99USD tube
Aristospan 20 mg/ml vial14.19USD ml
Oralone 0.1% paste13.57USD g
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.025% Cream 80 gm Tube12.99USD tube
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% Cream 80 gm Tube12.99USD tube
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.5% Cream 15 gm Tube12.99USD tube
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.025% Cream 15 gm Tube11.99USD tube
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.025% Ointment 80 gm Tube11.99USD tube
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% Cream 15 gm Tube11.99USD tube
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% Ointment 15 gm Tube11.99USD tube
Kenalog-40 40 mg/ml vial8.99USD ml
Triamcinolone acet 40 mg/ml sus8.42USD ml
Kenalog-40 40 mg/ml7.53USD ml
Nasacort aq nasal spray6.99USD g
Triamcinolone 0.1% paste6.4USD g
Triamcinolone Acetonide 40 mg/ml6.29USD ml
Triamcinolone Acetonide Usp 40 mg/ml5.76USD ml
Aristospan 5 mg/ml vial3.54USD ml
Kenalog-10 10 mg/ml3.24USD ml
Triamcinolone Acetonide 10 mg/ml2.71USD ml
Kenalog-10 10 mg/ml vial2.32USD ml
Triamcinolone acet 10 mg/ml sus2.18USD ml
Aristocort C 0.5 % Cream1.3USD g
Oracort 0.1 % Paste1.19USD g
Triderm 0.1% cream0.47USD g
Triamcinolone 0.5% cream0.22USD g
Aristocort R 0.1 % Cream0.15USD g
Aristocort R 0.1 % Ointment0.15USD g
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% Cream0.07USD gm
Triaderm Regular 0.1 % Cream0.07USD g
Triamcinolone 0.025% cream0.06USD g
Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% Ointment0.05USD gm
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Patent NumberPediatric ExtensionApprovedExpires (estimated)Region
CA2268927No2003-09-232017-07-02Canada flag
US5976573No1999-11-022016-07-03US flag
US6143329No2000-11-072016-07-03US flag
US7977045No2011-07-122016-07-03US flag
US6395294No2002-05-282020-01-13US flag
US8211880No2012-07-032029-03-10US flag
US8128960No2012-03-062029-12-17US flag
US8828440No2014-09-092031-08-04US flag
US9555048No2017-01-312031-08-04US flag
US8636713No2014-01-282027-05-02US flag
US9636332No2017-05-022033-11-08US flag
US9937075No2018-04-102034-05-02US flag

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)270Chemspider
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.847 mg/mLALOGPS
logP0.84ALOGPS
logP0.24Chemaxon
logS-2.7ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.75Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.3Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count6Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count4Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area115.06 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count2Chemaxon
Refractivity99.38 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability39.8 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings4Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterYesChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9823
Blood Brain Barrier+0.9528
Caco-2 permeable+0.7397
P-glycoprotein substrateSubstrate0.8204
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.8759
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9725
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.8178
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.8858
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.9006
CYP450 3A4 substrateSubstrate0.7049
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.9144
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8939
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9231
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.911
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9007
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.942
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.8858
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.9521
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.9952
Rat acute toxicity2.3369 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9562
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Inhibitor0.6125
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Download (9.24 KB)
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-05q9-4958000000-8d5e298bc84911e269f1
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)MSsplash10-00di-2931000000-ee37afbf8c285181a340
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-006t-3970000000-70c8dcf068945a18ecdd
MS/MS Spectrum - , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-006t-3970000000-70c8dcf068945a18ecdd
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a6r-0009000000-2fd4b1ef247ea3bac654
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-0009000000-48efe802b2ef1b9c3458
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0ara-0229000000-b1121662bdf13127e4c0
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-014r-0009000000-5dcdba502b8d6de992fc
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-2829000000-a16cd5a7427cd5344a35
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-03di-0390000000-1936829b24b66da677b3
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-197.9275218
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-196.2095218
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-191.57143
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+198.8500218
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+196.4032218
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+193.46683
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+197.6947218
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+196.6655218
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+199.33134
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

Build, predict & validate machine-learning models
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new
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Learn more
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modula...
Gene Name
NR3C1
Uniprot ID
P04150
Uniprot Name
Glucocorticoid receptor
Molecular Weight
85658.57 Da
References
  1. Nehme A, Lobenhofer EK, Stamer WD, Edelman JL: Glucocorticoids with different chemical structures but similar glucocorticoid receptor potency regulate subsets of common and unique genes in human trabecular meshwork cells. BMC Med Genomics. 2009 Sep 10;2:58. doi: 10.1186/1755-8794-2-58. [Article]
  2. Issar M, Sahasranaman S, Buchwald P, Hochhaus G: Differences in the glucocorticoid to progesterone receptor selectivity of inhaled glucocorticoids. Eur Respir J. 2006 Mar;27(3):511-6. [Article]
  3. Shahin V, Ludwig Y, Schafer C, Nikova D, Oberleithner H: Glucocorticoids remodel nuclear envelope structure and permeability. J Cell Sci. 2005 Jul 1;118(Pt 13):2881-9. [Article]

Enzymes

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inducer
General Function
Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
Gene Name
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID
P08684
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight
57342.67 Da
References
  1. Dort K, Padia S, Wispelwey B, Moore CC: Adrenal suppression due to an interaction between ritonavir and injected triamcinolone: a case report. AIDS Res Ther. 2009 Jun 8;6:10. doi: 10.1186/1742-6405-6-10. [Article]
  2. Hagan JB, Erickson D, Singh RJ: Triamcinolone acetonide induced secondary adrenal insufficiency related to impaired CYP3A4 metabolism by coadministration of nefazodone. Pain Med. 2010 Jul;11(7):1132-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2010.00852.x. Epub 2010 Apr 29. [Article]
  3. Litt J. (2016). Litt's Drug eruption & reaction manual (22nd ed.). CRC Press LLc.
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
Specific Function
Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and...
Gene Name
PTGS2
Uniprot ID
P35354
Uniprot Name
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
Molecular Weight
68995.625 Da
References
  1. Schaefer EC, Stewart AA, Durgam SS, Byron CR, Stewart MC: Effects of sodium hyaluronate and triamcinolone acetonide on glucosaminoglycan metabolism in equine articular chondrocytes treated with interleukin-1. Am J Vet Res. 2009 Dec;70(12):1494-501. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.70.12.1494. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Identical protein binding
Specific Function
Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters.
Gene Name
BCHE
Uniprot ID
P06276
Uniprot Name
Cholinesterase
Molecular Weight
68417.575 Da
References
  1. Ehrich M, Jortner BS, Gross WB: Types of adrenocorticoids and their effect on organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy in chickens. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1988 Feb;92(2):214-23. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inducer
General Function
Oxygen binding
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP3A5
Uniprot ID
P20815
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A5
Molecular Weight
57108.065 Da
References
  1. Dvorak Z, Pavek P: Regulation of drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes by glucocorticoids. Drug Metab Rev. 2010 Nov;42(4):621-35. doi: 10.3109/03602532.2010.484462. [Article]
  2. Moore CD, Roberts JK, Orton CR, Murai T, Fidler TP, Reilly CA, Ward RM, Yost GS: Metabolic pathways of inhaled glucocorticoids by the CYP3A enzymes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):379-89. doi: 10.1124/dmd.112.046318. Epub 2012 Nov 9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inducer
General Function
Oxygen binding
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP3A7
Uniprot ID
P24462
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A7
Molecular Weight
57525.03 Da
References
  1. Moore CD, Roberts JK, Orton CR, Murai T, Fidler TP, Reilly CA, Ward RM, Yost GS: Metabolic pathways of inhaled glucocorticoids by the CYP3A enzymes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):379-89. doi: 10.1124/dmd.112.046318. Epub 2012 Nov 9. [Article]

Carriers

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Binder
General Function
Steroid binding
Specific Function
Major transport protein for glucocorticoids and progestins in the blood of almost all vertebrate species.
Gene Name
SERPINA6
Uniprot ID
P08185
Uniprot Name
Corticosteroid-binding globulin
Molecular Weight
45140.49 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Groyer A, Le Bouc Y, Joab I, Radanyi C, Renoir JM, Robel P, Baulieu EE: Chick oviduct glucocorticosteroid receptor. Specific binding of the synthetic steroid RU 486 and immunological studies with antibodies to chick oviduct progesterone receptor. Eur J Biochem. 1985 Jun 3;149(2):445-51. [Article]
  4. Svec F, Harrison RW: Conditions affecting AtT-20 cell glucocorticoid uptake. Steroids. 1981 Feb;37(2):143-56. [Article]
  5. Eisen HJ: An antiserum to the rat liver glucocorticoid receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):3893-7. [Article]
  6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Binder
General Function
Toxic substance binding
Specific Function
Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
Gene Name
ALB
Uniprot ID
P02768
Uniprot Name
Serum albumin
Molecular Weight
69365.94 Da
References
  1. FLORINI JR, BUYSKE DA: Plasma protein binding of triamcinolone-H3 and hydrocortisone-4-C14. J Biol Chem. 1961 Jan;236:247-51. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at March 18, 2024 16:48