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Identification
Name Chlorpheniramine
Accession Number DB01114 (APRD00001)
Type small molecule
Groups approved
Description

A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than promethazine. [PubChem]
Structure Thumb
Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure
Synonyms
Chloropheniramine
Chlorophenylpyridamin
Chlorophenylpyridamine
Chloroprophenpyridamine
Chlorphenamine
Chlorpheniramine Maleate
Chlorprophenpyridamine
Clorfeniramina
Dexchlorpheniramine
Dexchlorpheniramine Maleate
Salts Not Available
Brand names
Name Company
Aller-Chlor
Allergican
Allergisan
Antagonate
Chlo-Amine
Chlor-Trimeton
Chlor-Trimeton Allergy
Chlor-Trimeton Repetabs
Chlor-Tripolon
Chloropiril
Cloropiril
Efidac 24 Chlorpheniramine Maleate
Gen-Allerate
Haynon
Histadur
Kloromin
Mylaramine
Novo-Pheniram
Pediacare Allergy Formula
Phenetron
Piriton
Polaramine
Polaronil
Pyridamal 100
Telachlor
Teldrin
First Prev Next Last
Brand mixtures
Brand Name Ingredients
Alka Seltzer Plus Cold Medicine Evt Acetylsalicylic Acid + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Bitartrate
Alka-Seltzer Plus Cold Medicine - Evt Acetylsalicylic Acid + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Bitartrate
Allergy Sinus Medication - Caplet Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Anakit Insect Sting Treatment Kit Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Epinephrine
Bronchodex D Cap Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Children's Tylenol Cold Chewable Tablets Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Children's Tylenol Cold Liquid Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Children's Tylenol Cold Liquid with Dm Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Chlor Tripolon Decongest Syr Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Cold Decongestant Long Acting Cap Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Pheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Coltalin Tablet Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Contac Cold Capsules Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Contac Cold Extra Strength Capsules Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Contac Cough Cold and Flu Caplets Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Contact C Src Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Coricidin D Long Acting Tab Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Coricidin D Tab Acetylsalicylic Acid + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Coricidin Sinus Headache Tab Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Coricidin Tab Acetylsalicylic Acid + Chlorpheniramine Maleate
Corsym Suspension Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Counteract Sinus and Allergy Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Dristan Capsules Acetylsalicylic Acid + Caffeine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Extra Strength Allergy Plus Sinus Relief Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Extra Strength Allergy Sinus Medication Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Extra Strength Contac C - Src Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Extra Strength Nighttime Cold Relief-Caplet Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Extra Strength Tylenol Cold and Flu Powder Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Extra Strength Tylenol Cold Nighttime Caplet Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Extra Strength Tylenol Sinus Nighttime Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Grippalin & C Tab Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Vitamin C
Neocitran Total Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Omni-Tuss Sus Chlorpheniramine + Codeine + Ephedrine As Resin Complex + Guaiacol Carbonate + Phenyltoloxamine
Once-a-Day Benylin Cold Cap Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Ornade Af Liquid Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Ornade Af Spansule Src Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Ornade Dm 10 Liq Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Ornade Dm 15 Liq Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Ornade Dm 30 Liq Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Ornade Expectorant Cough Formula Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Guaifenesin + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Ornade Liquid Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Ornade Spansule Src Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Pendamine Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dexamethasone + Dihydrostreptomycin Sulfate + Penicillin G Procaine
Pentuss Srs Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Codeine
Reg.Str.Cold Medic. Night Time Relief)Caplet (Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Regular Strength Tylenol Cold and Flu Powder Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Regular Strength Tylenol Cold Nighttime Caplet Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Rhinofebral Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Acetaminophen + Vitamin C
Sine-Off Allergy Tab Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Theraflu Flu Cold and Cough Medicine Acetaminophen + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Tri-Anamine Cold Syrup Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Triaminic Cold and Allergy Syrup Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Phenylpropanolamine Hydrochloride
Triaminic Dm Expectorant Syr Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Guaifenesin + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Triaminic Expectorant Syr Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Guaifenesin + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
Triaminicol Dm Syrup Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide + Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
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Categories
  • Antipruritics
  • Anti-Allergic Agents
  • Histamine H1 Antagonists
  • Antihistamines
CAS number 132-22-9
Weight Average: 274.788
Monoisotopic: 274.123676325
Chemical Formula C16H19ClN2
InChI Key InChIKey=SOYKEARSMXGVTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C16H19ClN2/c1-19(2)12-10-15(16-5-3-4-11-18-16)13-6-8-14(17)9-7-13/h3-9,11,15H,10,12H2,1-2H3
Plain Text
IUPAC Name
[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propyl]dimethylamine
SMILES
CN(C)CCC(C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C1=CC=CC=N1
Plain Text
Mass Spec Not Available
Taxonomy
Kingdom Organic
Classes
  • Pheniramines
Substructures
  • Pheniramines
  • Pyridines and Derivatives
  • Benzene and Derivatives
  • Aryl Halides
  • Halobenzenes
  • Aliphatic and Aryl Amines
  • Heterocyclic compounds
  • Aromatic compounds
  • Phenylpropylamines
  • Imines
Pharmacology
Indication For the treatment of rhinitis, urticaria, allergy, common cold, asthma and hay fever.
Pharmacodynamics In allergic reactions an allergen interacts with and cross-links surface IgE antibodies on mast cells and basophils. Once the mast cell-antibody-antigen complex is formed, a complex series of events occurs that eventually leads to cell-degranulation and the release of histamine (and other chemical mediators) from the mast cell or basophil. Once released, histamine can react with local or widespread tissues through histamine receptors. Histamine, acting on H1-receptors, produces pruritis, vasodilatation, hypotension, flushing, headache, tachycardia, and bronchoconstriction. Histamine also increases vascular permeability and potentiates pain. Chlorpheniramine, is a histamine H1 antagonist (or more correctly, an inverse histamine agonist) of the alkylamine class. It competes with histamine for the normal H1-receptor sites on effector cells of the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels and respiratory tract. It provides effective, temporary relief of sneezing, watery and itchy eyes, and runny nose due to hay fever and other upper respiratory allergies.
Mechanism of action Chlorpheniramine binds to the histamine H1 receptor. This blocks the action of endogenous histamine, which subsequently leads to temporary relief of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine.
Absorption Well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
Volume of distribution Not Available
Protein binding 72%
Metabolism Primarily hepatic via Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes.
Route of elimination Not Available
Half life 21-27 hours
Clearance Not Available
Toxicity Oral LD50 (rat): 306 mg/kg; Oral LD50 (mice): 130 mg/kg; Oral LD50 (guinea pig): 198 mg/kg [Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. Ed. D. Sweet, US Dept. of Health & Human Services: Cincinatti, 2010.] Also a mild reproductive toxin to women of childbearing age.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways Not Available
Pharmacoeconomics
Manufacturers
  • Sandoz inc
  • Glaxosmithkline
  • Bel mar laboratories inc
  • Elkins sinn div ah robins co inc
  • Watson laboratories inc
  • Schering plough healthcare products inc
  • Pharmaceutical assoc inc div beach products
  • Schering corp sub schering plough corp
  • Avanthi inc
  • Alza corp
  • Bayer pharmaceuticals corp
  • Anabolic inc
  • Bell pharmacal corp
  • Impax laboratories inc
  • Ivax pharmaceuticals inc sub teva pharmaceuticals usa
  • Kv pharmaceutical co
  • Lederle laboratories div american cyanamid co
  • Mutual pharmaceutical co inc
  • Newtron pharmaceuticals inc
  • Panray corp sub ormont drug and chemical co inc
  • Pharmavite pharmaceuticals
  • Pharmeral inc
  • Pioneer pharmaceuticals inc
  • Purepac pharmaceutical co
  • Private formulations inc
  • Roxane laboratories inc
  • Vitarine pharmaceuticals inc
  • West ward pharmaceutical corp
  • Halsey drug co inc
  • Lannett co inc
  • Wockhardt eu operations (swiss) ag
  • Pliva inc
Packagers
Dosage forms
Form Route Strength
Syrup Oral
Tablet Oral
Tablet, extended release Oral
Prices
Unit description Cost Unit
Ahist 12 mg tablet 1.1 USD tablet
Myci chlor-tan 8 mg caplet 0.75 USD caplet
Chlorpheniramine powder 0.67 USD g
Chlor-trimeton allergy 0.31 USD each
Chlor-trimeton 8 mg repetab 0.24 USD tablet
Aller-chlor 4 mg tablet 0.06 USD tablet
Pediacare allergy solution 0.05 USD ml
Allergy 4 mg tablet 0.04 USD tablet
Chlorpheniramine 4 mg tablet 0.02 USD tablet
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents Not Available
Properties
State liquid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
boiling point 142 °C Not Available
water solubility 5500 mg/L (at 37 °C) BEILSTEIN
logP 3.38 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
pKa 9.13 (at 25 °C) PERRIN,DD (1965)
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility 5.19e-02 g/l ALOGPS
logP 3.74 ALOGPS
logP 3.58 ChemAxon
logS -3.7 ALOGPS
pKa (strongest basic) 9.47 ChemAxon
physiological charge 1 ChemAxon
hydrogen acceptor count 2 ChemAxon
hydrogen donor count 0 ChemAxon
polar surface area 16.13 ChemAxon
rotatable bond count 5 ChemAxon
refractivity 80.85 ChemAxon
polarizability 30.82 ChemAxon
References
Synthesis Reference Not Available
General Reference
External Links
Resource Link
KEGG Drug D07398 Link_out
KEGG Compound C06905 Link_out
PubChem Compound 2725 Link_out
PubChem Substance 46508253 Link_out
ChemSpider 2624 Link_out
BindingDB 35938 Link_out
ChEBI 52010 Link_out
ChEMBL 52010 Link_out
Therapeutic Targets Database DAP000336 Link_out
PharmGKB PA448960 Link_out
IUPHAR 1213 Link_out
Guide to Pharmacology 1213 Link_out
Drug Product Database 2265559 Link_out
RxList http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/chlorpheniramine.htm Link_out
Drugs.com http://www.drugs.com/cdi/chlorpheniramine.html Link_out
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorpheniramine Link_out
ATC Codes
  • R06AB02
  • R06AB04
AHFS Codes
  • 04:04.20
PDB Entries Not Available
FDA label Not Available
MSDS show (72.8 KB)
Interactions
Drug Interactions
Drug Interaction
Donepezil Possible antagonism of action
Ethotoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoin
Fosphenytoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoin
Galantamine Possible antagonism of action
Mephenytoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoin
Phenytoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoin
Rivastigmine Possible antagonism of action
Tacrine The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Chlorpheniramine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents.
Telithromycin Telithromycin may reduce clearance of Chlorpheniramine. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic/adverse effects of Chlorpheniramine if Telithromycin is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Trimethobenzamide Trimethobenzamide and Chlorpheniramine, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhance their adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.
Triprolidine Triprolidine and Chlorpheniramine, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhance their adverse/toxic effects. Additive CNS depressant effects may also occur. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic and CNS depressant effects.
Trospium Trospium and Chlorpheniramine, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhanced adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.
Voriconazole Voriconazole, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of chlorpheniramine by decreasing its metabolism. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of chlorpheniramine if voriconazole is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Food Interactions
  • Avoid alcohol.
  • Take with food.
Targets

1. Histamine H1 receptor

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: antagonist

In peripheral tissues, the H1 subclass of histamine receptors mediates the contraction of smooth muscles, increase in capillary permeability due to contraction of terminal venules, and catecholamine release from adrenal medulla, as well as mediating neurotransmission in the central nervous system

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P35367 Link_out
Gene: HRH1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. Pubmed
  2. Tagawa M, Kano M, Okamura N, Higuchi M, Matsuda M, Mizuki Y, Arai H, Iwata R, Fujii T, Komemushi S, Ido T, Itoh M, Sasaki H, Watanabe T, Yanai K: Neuroimaging of histamine H1-receptor occupancy in human brain by positron emission tomography (PET): a comparative study of ebastine, a second-generation antihistamine, and (+)-chlorpheniramine, a classical antihistamine. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2001 Nov;52(5):501-9. Pubmed
  3. Salata JJ, Jurkiewicz NK, Wallace AA, Stupienski RF 3rd, Guinosso PJ Jr, Lynch JJ Jr: Cardiac electrophysiological actions of the histamine H1-receptor antagonists astemizole and terfenadine compared with chlorpheniramine and pyrilamine. Circ Res. 1995 Jan;76(1):110-9. Pubmed
  4. Hasenohrl RU, Kuhlen A, Frisch C, Galosi R, Brandao ML, Huston JP: Comparison of intra-accumbens injection of histamine with histamine H1-receptor antagonist chlorpheniramine in effects on reinforcement and memory parameters. Behav Brain Res. 2001 Oct 15;124(2):203-11. Pubmed
  5. Yasuda SU, Wellstein A, Likhari P, Barbey JT, Woosley RL: Chlorpheniramine plasma concentration and histamine H1-receptor occupancy. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1995 Aug;58(2):210-20. Pubmed
  6. Nicholson AN, Pascoe PA, Turner C, Ganellin CR, Greengrass PM, Casy AF, Mercer AD: Sedation and histamine H1-receptor antagonism: studies in man with the enantiomers of chlorpheniramine and dimethindene. Br J Pharmacol. 1991 Sep;104(1):270-6. Pubmed

2. Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: inhibitor

Terminates the action of serotonine by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P31645 Link_out
Gene: SLC6A4 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. Pubmed

3. Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: inhibitor

Amine transporter. Terminates the action of noradrenaline by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P23975 Link_out
Gene: SLC6A2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. Pubmed

4. Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: inhibitor

Amine transporter. Terminates the action of dopamine by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: Q01959 Link_out
Gene: SLC6A3 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. Pubmed
Enzymes

1. Cytochrome P450 3A7

Actions: substrate

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics

UniProt ID: P24462 Link_out
Gene: CYP3A7 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Flockhart DA. Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table. Indiana University School of Medicine (2007). Accessed May 28, 2010.

2. Cytochrome P450 3A4

Actions: substrate

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4- hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide

UniProt ID: P08684 Link_out
Gene: CYP3A4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Flockhart DA. Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table. Indiana University School of Medicine (2007). Accessed May 28, 2010.

3. Cytochrome P450 2D6

Actions: substrate, inhibitor

Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants

UniProt ID: P10635 Link_out
Gene: CYP2D6 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Hamelin BA, Bouayad A, Drolet B, Gravel A, Turgeon J: In vitro characterization of cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibition by classic histamine H1 receptor antagonists. Drug Metab Dispos. 1998 Jun;26(6):536-9. Pubmed
  2. Flockhart DA. Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table. Indiana University School of Medicine (2007). Accessed May 28, 2010.
  3. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

4. Cytochrome P450 3A5

Actions: substrate

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics

UniProt ID: P20815 Link_out
Gene: CYP3A5 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Flockhart DA. Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table. Indiana University School of Medicine (2007). Accessed May 28, 2010.
Transporters

1. Solute carrier family 22 member 2

Actions: inhibitor

Mediates tubular uptake of organic compounds from circulation. Mediates the influx of agmatine, dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin, choline, famotidine, ranitidine, histamin, creatinine, amantadine, memantine, acriflavine, 4-[4-(dimethylamino)-styryl]-N-methylpyridinium ASP, amiloride, metformin, N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), tetraethylammonium (TEA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), cimetidine, cisplatin and oxaliplatin. Cisplatin may develop a nephrotoxic action. Transport of creatinine is inhibited by fluoroquinolones such as DX-619 and LVFX. This transporter is a major determinant of the anticancer activity of oxaliplatin and may contribute to antitumor specificity

UniProt ID: O15244 Link_out
Gene: SLC22A2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Urakami Y, Okuda M, Masuda S, Akazawa M, Saito H, Inui K: Distinct characteristics of organic cation transporters, OCT1 and OCT2, in the basolateral membrane of renal tubules. Pharm Res. 2001 Nov;18(11):1528-34. Pubmed

2. Solute carrier family 22 member 1

Actions: inhibitor

Translocates a broad array of organic cations with various structures and molecular weights including the model compounds 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), tetraethylammonium (TEA), N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)- N-methylpyridinium (ASP), the endogenous compounds choline, guanidine, histamine, epinephrine, adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine, and the drugs quinine, and metformin. The transport of organic cations is inhibited by a broad array of compounds like tetramethylammonium (TMA), cocaine, lidocaine, NMDA receptor antagonists, atropine, prazosin, cimetidine, TEA and NMN, guanidine, cimetidine, choline, procainamide, quinine, tetrabutylammonium, and tetrapentylammonium. Translocates organic cations in an electrogenic and pH-independent manner. Translocates organic cations across the plasma membrane in both directions. Transports the polyamines spermine and spermidine. Transports pramipexole across the basolateral membrane of the proximal tubular epithelial cells. The choline transport is activated by MMTS. Regulated by various intracellular signaling pathways including inhibition by protein kinase A activation, and endogenously activation by the calmodulin complex, the calmodulin- dependent kinase II and LCK tyrosine kinase

UniProt ID: O15245 Link_out
Gene: SLC22A1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Urakami Y, Okuda M, Masuda S, Akazawa M, Saito H, Inui K: Distinct characteristics of organic cation transporters, OCT1 and OCT2, in the basolateral membrane of renal tubules. Pharm Res. 2001 Nov;18(11):1528-34. Pubmed
Comments
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on February 08, 2013 16:19