DrugBank: Ridogrel (DB01207)

targets (2)

Identification

Name

Ridogrel

Accession Number

DB01207 (APRD00271)

Type

small molecule

Groups

approved

Description

Ridogrel is a dual action drug useful for the prevention of systemic thrombo-embolism and as an adjunctive agent to thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction. However, there currently are no clinical indications for preferential use of ridogrel over aspirin.

Structure

Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure

Synonyms

Ridogrelum [INN-Latin]

Brand names

Not Available

Brand name mixtures

Not Available

Categories

Thrombolytic Agents
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
Enzyme Inhibitors
Gastrointestinal Agents

CAS number

110140-89-1

Weight

Average: 366.3344
Monoisotopic: 366.119127035

Chemical Formula

C₁₈H₁₇F₃N₂O₃

InChI Key

InChIKey=GLLPUTYLZIKEGF-HAVVHWLPSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C18H17F3N2O3/c19-18(20,21)15-7-3-5-13(11-15)17(14-6-4-9-22-12-14)23-26-10-2-1-8-16(24)25/h3-7,9,11-12H,1-2,8,10H2,(H,24,25)/b23-17+

Plain Text

IUPAC Name

5-{[(E)-{pyridin-3-yl[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene}amino]oxy}pentanoic acid

SMILES

OC(=O)CCCCO\N=C(\C1=CC=CN=C1)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F

Plain Text

Mass Spec

Not Available

Taxonomy

Kingdom

Organic

Classes

Pyridines and Derivatives
Benzene and Derivatives
Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives

Substructures

Hydroxy Compounds
Acetates
Oximes and Derivatives
Pyridines and Derivatives
Halogen Derivatives
Benzene and Derivatives
Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
Heterocyclic compounds
Aromatic compounds
Imines

Pharmacology

Indication

Used as an adjunctive therapy to induce thrombolysis in patients suffering acute myocardial infarction.

Pharmacodynamics

Ridogrel, a combined thromboxane synthase inhibitor and receptor antagonist, is used with streptokinase as an adjunctive therapy to reduce the formation and size of blood clots. Blood clots can cause ischemic cardiac events (heart attacks). Ridogrel has the dual property of inhibiting the synthesis of thromboxane and blocking the receptors of thromboxane/prostaglandin/endoperoxides. It has been shown to accelerate the speed of recanalization and to delay or prevent reocclusion during systemic thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (streptokinase). Ridogrel is a more potent antiplatelet agent than aspirin and might offer an advantage over aspirin as an adjunct to thrombolysis in patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction. While aspirin inhibits cyclooxygenase, the enzyme responsible for producing thromboxane, ridogrel inhibits thromboxane synthesis directly. A recent comparison between aspirin and ridogrel in as adjunct to thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction demonstrated that ridogrel is not superior to aspirin in enhancing the fibrinolytic efficacy of streptokinase but might be more effective in preventing new ischemic events. Clinical experience with this drug is still relatively limited.

Mechanism of action

Ridogrel inhibits thromboxane A2 synthase and also blocks the thromboxane A2/prostaglandin endoperoxide receptors. Thromboxane synthetase produces thromboxane in platelets. Thromboxane is a vasoconstrictor and facilitates the clumping of platelets. Therefore by inhibiting the production and promotion of thromboxane, thrombolysis is enhanced.

Absorption

Rapidly absorbed after oral administration (30-60 min)

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Approximately 60% bound to plasma proteins

Metabolism

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Toxicity

Not Available

Affected organisms

Humans and other mammals

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

Not Available

Dosage forms

Not Available

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Not Available

Properties

State

solid

Melting point

Not Available

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	4.3	PhysProp

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
water solubility	8.39e-03 g/l	ALOGPS
logP	3.24	ALOGPS
logP	3.06	ChemAxon Molconvert
logS	-4.64	ALOGPS
pKa		ChemAxon Molconvert
hydrogen acceptor count	5	ChemAxon Molconvert
hydrogen donor count	1	ChemAxon Molconvert
polar surface area	71.78	ChemAxon Molconvert
rotatable bond count	9	ChemAxon Molconvert
refractivity	88.89	ChemAxon Molconvert
polarizability	34.94	ChemAxon Molconvert

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

General Reference

Not Available

External Links

Resource	Link
PubChem Compound	5362391
PubChem Substance	46506774
ChemSpider	4515025
BindingDB	50003795
Therapeutic Targets Database	DAP000469
Drug Product Database	0

ATC Codes

Not Available

AHFS Codes

Not Available

PDB Entries

Not Available

FDA label

Not Available

MSDS

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions

Drug	Interaction

Food Interactions

Not Available

Targets
1. Thromboxane A2 receptor Pharmacological action: yes Actions: antagonist Receptor for thromboxane A2 (TXA2), a potent stimulator of platelet aggregation. The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. In the kidney, the binding of TXA2 to glomerular TP receptors causes intense vasoconstriction Organism class: human UniProt ID: P21731 Gene: TBXA2R Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. Pubmed Heinisch G, Holzer W, Kunz F, Langer T, Lukavsky P, Pechlaner C, Weissenberger H: On the bioisosteric potential of diazines: diazine analogues of the combined thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist and synthetase inhibitor Ridogrel. J Med Chem. 1996 Sep 27;39(20):4058-64. Pubmed Soyka R, Heckel A, Nickl J, Eisert W, Muller TH, Weisenberger H: 6,6-Disubstituted Hex-5-enoic acid derivatives as combined thromboxane A2 receptor antagonists and synthetase inhibitors. J Med Chem. 1994 Jan 7;37(1):26-39. Pubmed Hempelmann RG, Pradel RH, Mehdorn HM, Ziegler A: Threshold concentrations of endothelin-1: the effects on contractions induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine in isolated rat cerebral and mesenteric arteries. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1999 Sep;85(3):115-22. Pubmed Carvalho MH, Fortes ZB, Nigro D, Oliveira MA, Scivoletto R: The role of thromboxane A2 in the altered microvascular reactivity in two-kidney, one-clip hypertension. Endothelium. 1997;5(3):167-78. Pubmed Ragni M, Golino P, Cirillo P, Pascucci I, Scognamiglio A, Ravera A, Esposito N, Battaglia C, Guarino A, Chiariello M: [Inactivated factor VII exercises a powerful antithrombotic activity in an experimental model of recurrent arterial thrombosis] Cardiologia. 1996 Jan;41(1):51-8. Pubmed 2. Thromboxane-A synthase Pharmacological action: yes Actions: inhibitor (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha-epidioxy-15- hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate = (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha- epoxy-15-hydroxythromboxa-5,13-dienoate Organism class: human UniProt ID: P24557 Gene: TBXAS1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Park SJ, Lee JJ, Vanhoutte PM: Endothelin-1 releases endothelium-derived endoperoxides and thromboxane A2 in porcine coronary arteries with regenerated endothelium. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1999 Oct;20(10):872-8. Pubmed Tytgat GN, Van Nueten L, Van De Velde I, Joslyn A, Hanauer SB: Efficacy and safety of oral ridogrel in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: two multicentre, randomized, double-blind studies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002 Jan;16(1):87-99. Pubmed Randomized trial of ridogrel, a combined thromboxane A2 synthase inhibitor and thromboxane A2/prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor antagonist, versus aspirin as adjunct to thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The Ridogrel Versus Aspirin Patency Trial (RAPT). Circulation. 1994 Feb;89(2):588-95. Pubmed De Cree J, Geukens H, Gutwirth P, De Clerck F, Vercammen E, Verhaegen H: The effect of a combined administration of ridogrel and ketanserin in patients with intermittent claudication. Int Angiol. 1993 Mar;12(1):59-68. Pubmed Carty E, Macey M, McCartney SA, Rampton DS: Ridogrel, a dual thromboxane synthase inhibitor and receptor antagonist: anti-inflammatory profile in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Jun;14(6):807-17. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

Targets

1. Thromboxane A2 receptor

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: antagonist

Receptor for thromboxane A2 (TXA2), a potent stimulator of platelet aggregation. The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. In the kidney, the binding of TXA2 to glomerular TP receptors causes intense vasoconstriction

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P21731 Link_out

Gene: TBXA2R Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. Pubmed
Heinisch G, Holzer W, Kunz F, Langer T, Lukavsky P, Pechlaner C, Weissenberger H: On the bioisosteric potential of diazines: diazine analogues of the combined thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist and synthetase inhibitor Ridogrel. J Med Chem. 1996 Sep 27;39(20):4058-64. Pubmed
Soyka R, Heckel A, Nickl J, Eisert W, Muller TH, Weisenberger H: 6,6-Disubstituted Hex-5-enoic acid derivatives as combined thromboxane A2 receptor antagonists and synthetase inhibitors. J Med Chem. 1994 Jan 7;37(1):26-39. Pubmed
Hempelmann RG, Pradel RH, Mehdorn HM, Ziegler A: Threshold concentrations of endothelin-1: the effects on contractions induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine in isolated rat cerebral and mesenteric arteries. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1999 Sep;85(3):115-22. Pubmed
Carvalho MH, Fortes ZB, Nigro D, Oliveira MA, Scivoletto R: The role of thromboxane A2 in the altered microvascular reactivity in two-kidney, one-clip hypertension. Endothelium. 1997;5(3):167-78. Pubmed
Ragni M, Golino P, Cirillo P, Pascucci I, Scognamiglio A, Ravera A, Esposito N, Battaglia C, Guarino A, Chiariello M: [Inactivated factor VII exercises a powerful antithrombotic activity in an experimental model of recurrent arterial thrombosis] Cardiologia. 1996 Jan;41(1):51-8. Pubmed

2. Thromboxane-A synthase

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: inhibitor

(5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha-epidioxy-15- hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate = (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha- epoxy-15-hydroxythromboxa-5,13-dienoate

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P24557 Link_out

Gene: TBXAS1 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Park SJ, Lee JJ, Vanhoutte PM: Endothelin-1 releases endothelium-derived endoperoxides and thromboxane A2 in porcine coronary arteries with regenerated endothelium. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1999 Oct;20(10):872-8. Pubmed
Tytgat GN, Van Nueten L, Van De Velde I, Joslyn A, Hanauer SB: Efficacy and safety of oral ridogrel in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: two multicentre, randomized, double-blind studies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002 Jan;16(1):87-99. Pubmed
Randomized trial of ridogrel, a combined thromboxane A2 synthase inhibitor and thromboxane A2/prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor antagonist, versus aspirin as adjunct to thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The Ridogrel Versus Aspirin Patency Trial (RAPT). Circulation. 1994 Feb;89(2):588-95. Pubmed
De Cree J, Geukens H, Gutwirth P, De Clerck F, Vercammen E, Verhaegen H: The effect of a combined administration of ridogrel and ketanserin in patients with intermittent claudication. Int Angiol. 1993 Mar;12(1):59-68. Pubmed
Carty E, Macey M, McCartney SA, Rampton DS: Ridogrel, a dual thromboxane synthase inhibitor and receptor antagonist: anti-inflammatory profile in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Jun;14(6):807-17. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

Comments

Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on November 10, 2010 13:47

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.