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Identification
Name Polystyrene sulfonate
Accession Number DB01344
Type small molecule
Groups approved
Description

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is a medication used to treat abnormally high potassium levels. It may be taken orally or by rectum, as an enema, and functions as a potassium-binding resin in the intestines. It is also an effective topical microbicide and spermicide, inhibiting the genital transfection of, among others, HIV. [Wikipedia]
Structure Thumb
Synonyms
  • Polystyrene sulfonic acid
  • Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
  • Sodium polystyrene sulfonic acid
  • SPS
Brand names
  • Kayexalate
  • Kionex
Brand name mixtures Not Available
Categories Not Available
CAS number 28210-41-5
Weight Not Available
Chemical Formula C8H7CaO3S
InChI Key InChIKey=IJBYVKWTVVYTPL-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI Not Available
IUPAC Name Not Available
SMILES Not Available
Mass Spec Not Available
Taxonomy
Kingdom Organic
Classes
  • Styrene Derivatives
Substructures
  • Alkanes and Alkenes
  • Anions
  • Sulfonyls
  • Benzene and Derivatives
  • Sulfonic Acids and Derivatives
  • Aromatic compounds
  • Styrene Derivatives
  • Cations
Pharmacology
Indication Used to treat abnormally high potassium levels.
Pharmacodynamics Polystyrene sulfonate affects the exchange of sodium and potassium in the body. Polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat high levels of potassium in the blood, also called hyperkalemia. It is a potassium-binding ion-exchange resin that can be administered orally (25 grams in 20% sorbitol) or rectally (50 grams in 20% sorbitol).
Mechanism of action Polystyrene sulfonate, which is not absorbed, binds excess potassium, carrying it out of the body. The indigestible potassium polystryene sulfonate complex is excreted with the faeces, preventing the absorption of potassium into the blood stream. Hence, the serum potassium level decreases.
Absorption Not absorbed following oral administration.
Volume of distribution Not Available
Protein binding Not Available
Metabolism

none
Route of elimination Feces.
Half life none
Clearance Not Available
Toxicity Overdose symptoms may include confusion, irritability, trouble thinking or concentrating, muscle weakness, or trouble breathing.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways Not Available
Pharmacoeconomics
Manufacturers
  • Kvk tech inc
  • Sanofi aventis us llc
  • Paddock laboratories inc
  • Carolina medical products co
  • Citrusphrma llc
  • Wockhardt eu operations (swiss) ag
  • Morton grove pharmaceuticals inc
  • Roxane laboratories inc
Packagers
Dosage forms
Form Route Strength
Enema Rectal
Liquid Oral
Prices
Unit description Cost Unit
Pms-Sod Polystyr Sulf (120 Ml) 30 g/enm Retention Enema 15.36 USD enema
Kayexalate Powder 0.9 USD gm
Kayexalate powder 0.86 USD g
Sod poly sulfonate powder 0.69 USD g
Kionex Powder 0.46 USD gm
Kionex powder 0.44 USD g
Kalexate powder 0.39 USD g
Sodium polystyrene sulf powder 0.39 USD g
Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder 0.31 USD gm
Kayexalate Powder 0.2 USD g
Pms-Sodium Polystyrene Sulf. Powder 0.15 USD g
Pms-Sodium Polystyrene Sulf. 250 mg/ml Suspension 0.13 USD ml
Patents Not Available
Properties
State solid
Melting point Not Available
Experimental Properties Not Available
Predicted Properties Not Available
References
Synthesis Reference Not Available
General Reference Not Available
External Links
Resource Link
PubChem Compound 169893 Link_out
PubChem Substance 46507832 Link_out
ChemSpider 148572 Link_out
Drug Product Database 0 Link_out
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polystyrene_sulfonate Link_out
ATC Codes Not Available
AHFS Codes Not Available
PDB Entries Not Available
FDA label Not Available
MSDS Not Available
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions
  • Avoid calcium, magnesium and potassium.
  • Take on an empty stomach.
Targets

1. Potassium

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: binder

References:
  1. Watson M, Abbott KC, Yuan CM: Damned if you do, damned if you don’t: potassium binding resins in hyperkalemia. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Oct;5(10):1723-6. Epub 2010 Aug 26. Pubmed
  2. Sterns RH, Rojas M, Bernstein P, Chennupati S: Ion-exchange resins for the treatment of hyperkalemia: are they safe and effective? J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 May;21(5):733-5. Epub 2010 Feb 18. Pubmed
  3. Hoffman RS, Stringer JA, Feinberg RS, Goldfrank LR: Comparative efficacy of thallium adsorption by activated charcoal, prussian blue, and sodium polystyrene sulfonate. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1999;37(7):833-7. Pubmed
Comments
Drug created on June 30, 2007 12:12 / Updated on January 09, 2011 08:56

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