DrugBank: Heme (DB03014)

targets (120) carriers (1)

Identification

Name

Heme

Accession Number

DB03014 (EXPT01713, EXPT01726)

Type

small molecule

Groups

experimental

Description

Not Available

Structure

Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure

Synonyms

Not Available

Salts

Not Available

Brand names

Not Available

Brand mixtures

Not Available

Categories

Not Available

CAS number

Not Available

Weight

Average: 616.487
Monoisotopic: 616.177297665

Chemical Formula

C₃₄H₃₂FeN₄O₄

InChI Key

InChIKey=YHLKGEDAGPGZPN-RGGAHWMASA-L

InChI

InChI=1S/C34H34N4O4.Fe/c1-7-21-17(3)25-13-26-19(5)23(9-11-33(39)40)31(37-26)16-32-24(10-12-34(41)42)20(6)28(38-32)15-30-22(8-2)18(4)27(36-30)14-29(21)35-25;/h7-8,13-16H,1-2,9-12H2,3-6H3,(H4,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42);/q;+4/p-2/b25-13-,26-13-,27-14-,28-15-,29-14-,30-15-,31-16-,32-16-;

Plain Text

IUPAC Name

(1R)-15,19-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5,10-diethenyl-4,9,14,20-tetramethyl-2$l^{5},22,23$l^{5},25-tetraaza-1-ferraoctacyclo[11.9.1.1^{1,8}.1^{3,21}.0^{2,6}.0^{16,23}.0^{18,22}.0^{11,25}]pentacosa-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16(23),17,19,21(24)-undecaene-2,23-bis(ylium)

SMILES

CC1=C(CCC(O)=O)C2=CC3=[N+]4C(=CC5=C(C=C)C(C)=C6C=C7C(C=C)=C(C)C8=[N+]7[Fe@]4(N2C1=C8)N56)C(C)=C3CCC(O)=O

Plain Text

Mass Spec

Not Available

Taxonomy

Kingdom

Not Available

Classes

Not Available

Substructures

Not Available

Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action

Not Available

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Not Available

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Toxicity

Not Available

Affected organisms

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

Not Available

Dosage forms

Not Available

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Not Available

Properties

State

solid

Experimental Properties

Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
water solubility	1.61e-03 g/l	ALOGPS
logP	0.29	ALOGPS
logP	2.19	ChemAxon
logS	-5.6	ALOGPS
pKa (strongest acidic)	3.28	ChemAxon
physiological charge	0	ChemAxon
hydrogen acceptor count	4	ChemAxon
hydrogen donor count	2	ChemAxon
polar surface area	92.22	ChemAxon
rotatable bond count	8	ChemAxon
refractivity	169.77	ChemAxon
polarizability	69.61	ChemAxon

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

General Reference

Not Available

External Links

Resource	Link
PubChem Compound	4973
PubChem Substance	46505355
ChEBI	30413
ChEMBL	30413
HET	HEM

ATC Codes

Not Available

AHFS Codes

Not Available

PDB Entries

1GGE

FDA label

Not Available

MSDS

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions

Not Available

Food Interactions

Not Available

Targets
1. Cytochrome c3 Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q8EDL6 Gene: SO_2727 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 2. Hemoglobin-like protein yjbI Pharmacological action: unknown Hemoglobin-like protein that exhibits a low peroxidase activity. Its very high oxygen affinity may rule out the possibility that it is involved in oxygen transport Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: O31607 Gene: yjbI Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 3. Cytochrome P450 165B3 Pharmacological action: unknown Involved in the coupling of aromatic side chains of the heptapeptide of vancomycin Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q8RN04 Gene: CYP165B3 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 4. HemO Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9RGD9 Gene: hemO Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 5. Nine-heme cytochrome c Pharmacological action: unknown May form part of a transmembrane redox complex through which electrons are transferred to the cytoplasm for reduction of sulfate Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9RN68 Gene: Ddes_2038 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 6. Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q8RBX6 Gene: Tar4 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 7. Cytochrome c family protein Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q74BP5 Gene: GSU1996 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 8. Cytochrome c2 Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00080 Protein Sequence: FASTA 9. Heme oxygenase Pharmacological action: unknown Allows the bacteria to use the host heme as an iron source. Involved in the oxidation of heme and subsequent release of iron from the heme moiety Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P71119 Gene: hmuO Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 10. Bacterioferritin Pharmacological action: unknown May perform analogous functions in iron detoxification and storage to that of animal ferritins (By similarity) Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q59738 Gene: bfr Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 11. Cytochrome c-L Pharmacological action: unknown Electron acceptor for MDH. Acts in methanol oxidation Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P14774 Gene: moxG Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 12. Heme-regulated cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase Pharmacological action: unknown Has phosphodiesterase activity with cAMP but not with cGMP, bis(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate or p-nitrophenyl phosphate Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P76129 Gene: dosP Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 13. CooA protein Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P72322 Gene: cooA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 14. Cytoglobin Pharmacological action: unknown May have a protective function during conditions of oxidative stress. May be involved in intracellular oxygen storage or transfer Organism class: human UniProt ID: Q8WWM9 Gene: CYGB Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 15. Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit Pharmacological action: unknown Catalyzes unidirectional fumarate reduction using artificial electron donors such as methyl viologen. The physiological reductant is unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9Z4P0 Gene: ifcA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 16. Cytochrome c-550 Pharmacological action: unknown Low-potential cytochrome c that plays a possible role in water oxidation complex of photosystem II Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P82603 Gene: psbV Protein Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 17. Cyanoglobin Pharmacological action: unknown Forms a very stable complex with oxygen. The oxygen dissociation rate is 0.011 s(-1) Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P73925 Gene: glbN Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 18. Myoglobin Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: human UniProt ID: P02144 Gene: MB SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 19. Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit Pharmacological action: unknown Catalyzes fumarate reduction using artificial electron donors such as methyl viologen. The physiological reductant is unknown, but evidence indicates that flavocytochrome c participates in electron transfer from formate to fumarate and possibly also to trimethylamine oxide (TMAO). This enzyme is essentially unidirectional Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P83223 Gene: SO_0970 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 20. Peroxidase/catalase Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q939D2 Gene: katG Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 21. Cytochrome P450-cam Pharmacological action: unknown Involved in a camphor oxidation system Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00183 Gene: camC Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 22. Cytochrome b5 type B Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: human UniProt ID: O43169 Gene: CYB5B SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 23. Nitric-oxide synthase, brain Pharmacological action: unknown Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In the brain and peripheral nervous system, NO displays many properties of a neurotransmitter Organism class: human UniProt ID: P29475 Gene: NOS1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 24. Cytochrome c, putative Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q8E9W8 Gene: SO_4144 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 25. Cytochrome c3 Pharmacological action: unknown Participates in sulfate respiration coupled with phosphorylation by transferring electrons from the enzyme dehydrogenase to ferredoxin Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00132 Gene: DvMF_2499 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 26. Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit Pharmacological action: unknown Catalyzes fumarate reduction using artificial electron donors such as methyl viologen. The physiological reductant is unknown, but evidence indicates that flavocytochrome c participates in electron transfer from formate to fumarate and possibly also to trimethylamine oxide (TMAO). This enzyme is essentially unidirectional Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P0C278 Gene: fccA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 27. Cytochrome P450 2C8 Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. In the epoxidation of arachidonic acid it generates only 14,15- and 11,12-cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. It is the principal enzyme responsible for the metabolism the anti- cancer drug paclitaxel (taxol) Organism class: human UniProt ID: P10632 Gene: CYP2C8 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 28. Catalase Pharmacological action: unknown Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide Organism class: human UniProt ID: P04040 Gene: CAT Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 29. Soluble cytochrome b562 precursor Pharmacological action: unknown Electron-transport protein of unknown function Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P0ABE7 Gene: cybC Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 30. Cytochrome c-type protein SHP Pharmacological action: unknown High-spin cytochrome. Transiently bind oxygen during autoxidation, which occurs with a half-life of 3 min with a 4-fold excess of O(2). Also binds carbon monoxide, azide and cyanide Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P81238 Gene: shp Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 31. Heme oxygenase 1 Pharmacological action: unknown Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed Organism class: human UniProt ID: P09601 Gene: HMOX1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 32. Heme-based aerotactic transducer hemAT Pharmacological action: unknown Heme-containing signal transducer responsible for aerotaxis, the migratory response toward or away from oxygen Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: O07621 Gene: hemAT Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 33. Cytochrome c-552 Pharmacological action: unknown Plays a role in nitrite reduction Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9Z4P4 Gene: nrfA Protein Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 34. Cystathionine beta-synthase Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: human UniProt ID: P35520 Gene: CBS Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 35. Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase Pharmacological action: unknown Catalyzes the production of nitric oxide Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: O34453 Gene: nos Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 36. Cytochrome P450 167A1 Pharmacological action: unknown Involved in the biosynthesis of epothilones, macrolactones which have a narrow anti-fungal spectrum and microtubule-stabilizing activity. Responsible for the epooxidation of epothilones C and D to epothilones A and B, respectively Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9KIZ4 Gene: CYP167A1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 37. Putative cytochrome P450 Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9FCA6 Gene: SCO1207 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 38. Hydroxyacid oxidase 1 Pharmacological action: unknown Has 2-hydroxyacid oxidase activity. Most active on the 2-carbon substrate glycolate, but is also active on 2-hydroxy fatty acids Organism class: human UniProt ID: Q9UJM8 Gene: HAO1 Protein Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 39. Nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial Pharmacological action: unknown Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is implicated in vascular smooth muscle relaxation through a cGMP-mediated signal transduction pathway. No mediates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis in coronary vessels and promotes blood clotting through the activation of platelets Organism class: human UniProt ID: P29474 Gene: NOS3 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 40. Cytochrome c-551 Pharmacological action: unknown Electron donor for cytochrome cd1 in nitrite and nitrate respiration Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00099 Gene: nirM Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 41. Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 Pharmacological action: unknown May play an important role in regulating or promoting cell proliferation in some normal and neoplastically transformed cells Organism class: human UniProt ID: P23219 Gene: PTGS1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 42. Hemoglobin-like protein HbN Pharmacological action: unknown Binds oxygen cooperatively with very high affinity (P(50) = 0.013 mmHg at 20 degrees Celsius) because of a fast combination (25 microM(-1).s(-1)) and a slow dissociation (0.2 s(- 1)) rate Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P0A592 Gene: glbN Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 43. Nitric oxide synthase, inducible Pharmacological action: unknown Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal actions Organism class: human UniProt ID: P35228 Gene: NOS2A Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 44. Cytochrome c-554 Pharmacological action: unknown Involved in ammonia oxidation; accepts electrons directly from hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO) Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q57142 Gene: cycA1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 45. Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase Pharmacological action: unknown Catalyzes the production of nitric oxide Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P0A094 Gene: nos Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 46. Cytochrome P450 165C4 Pharmacological action: unknown Involved in the coupling of aromatic side chains of the heptapeptide of vancomycin Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q8RN03 Gene: CYP165C4 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 47. Cytochrome c Pharmacological action: unknown Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti- apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases Organism class: human UniProt ID: P99999 Gene: CYCS Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 48. Cytochrome c2 iso-2 Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochrome c2 is found mainly in purple, non-sulfur, photosynthetic bacteria where it functions as the electron donor to the oxidized bacteriochlorophyll in the photophosphorylation pathway. However, it may also have a role in the respiratory chain and is found in some non-photosynthetic bacteria Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P81154 Protein Sequence: FASTA 49. Cytochrome oxidase subunit II Pharmacological action: unknown 4 ferrocytochrome c + O(2) = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H(2)O Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9F3S9 Gene: rcoxA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 50. Peroxidase/catalase T Pharmacological action: unknown Bifunctional, exhibiting both a catalase and broad- spectrum peroxidase activities. May play a role in the intracellular survival of mycobacteria Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q08129 Gene: katG Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 51. Cytochrome c-552 Pharmacological action: unknown This monoheme basic protein appears to function as an electron donor to cytochrome oxidase in T.thermophilus Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q5SME3 Gene: cycA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 52. Cytochrome c2 Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochrome c2 is found mainly in purple, non-sulfur, photosynthetic bacteria where it functions as the electron donor to the oxidized bacteriochlorophyll in the photophosphorylation pathway. However, it may also have a role in the respiratory chain and is found in some non-photosynthetic bacteria Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00094 Gene: cycA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 53. Catalase Pharmacological action: unknown Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P46206 Gene: katB Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 54. Diheme cytochrome c napB Pharmacological action: unknown Small subunit of the periplasmic nitrate reductase (NAP). Only expressed at high levels during aerobic growth. NapAB complex receives electrons from the membrane-anchored tetraheme napC protein, thus allowing electron flow between membrane and periplasm. Essential function for nitrate assimilation and may have a role in anaerobic metabolism (By similarity) Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P44654 Gene: napB Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 55. Cytochrome c6 Pharmacological action: unknown Functions as an electron carrier between membrane-bound cytochrome b6-f and photosystem I in oxygenic photosynthesis Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00118 Gene: petJ Protein Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 56. Cytochrome c4 Pharmacological action: unknown Diheme, high potential cytochrome c believed to be an intermediate electron donor to terminal oxidation systems Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q52369 Gene: cc4 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 57. Sensor protein fixL Pharmacological action: unknown Putative oxygen sensor; modulates the activity of fixJ, a transcriptional activator of nitrogen fixation fixK gene. FixL probably acts as a kinase that phosphorylates fixJ Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P10955 Gene: fixL Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 58. Cytochrome c3 Pharmacological action: unknown Participates in sulfate respiration coupled with phosphorylation by transferring electrons from the enzyme dehydrogenase to ferredoxin Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00133 Protein Sequence: FASTA 59. Catalase HPII Pharmacological action: unknown Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P21179 Gene: katE Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 60. Bacterial hemoglobin Pharmacological action: unknown This protein functions as a terminal oxidase Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P04252 Gene: vhb Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 61. Cytochrome c-553 Pharmacological action: unknown Natural electron acceptor for a formate dehydrogenase Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P82599 Protein Sequence: FASTA 62. Cytochrome c3 Pharmacological action: unknown Participates in sulfate respiration coupled with phosphorylation by transferring electrons from the enzyme dehydrogenase to ferredoxin Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00131 Gene: DVU_3171 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 63. Catalase Pharmacological action: unknown Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P29422 Gene: katA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 64. Hemoglobin subunit gamma-1 Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: human UniProt ID: P69891 Gene: HBG1 SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 65. Sensor protein fixL Pharmacological action: unknown Putative oxygen sensor; modulates the activity of fixJ, a transcriptional activator of nitrogen fixation fixK gene. FixL probably acts as a kinase that phosphorylates fixJ Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P23222 Gene: fixL Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 66. Cytochrome P450 Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q746J6 Gene: TT_P0059 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 67. Catalase/peroxidase Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q834P5 Gene: katA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 68. Bifunctional P-450:NADPH-P450 reductase Pharmacological action: unknown Functions as a fatty acid monooxygenase. Catalyzes hydroxylation of medium and long-chain fatty acids at omega-1, omega-2 and omega-3 positions, with optimum chain lengths of 12-16 carbons (lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids). The reductase domain is required for electron transfer from NADP to cytochrome P450 Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P14779 Gene: CYP102A1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 69. Hemoglobin subunit beta Pharmacological action: unknown Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues Organism class: human UniProt ID: P68871 Gene: HBB Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 70. Catalase Pharmacological action: unknown Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P42321 Gene: katA Protein Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 71. Cytochrome c-552 Pharmacological action: unknown Plays a role in nitrite reduction Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9S1E5 Gene: nrfA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 72. Cytochrome P450 2B6 Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics Organism class: human UniProt ID: P20813 Gene: CYP2B6 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 73. Cytochrome c' Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochrome c' is the most widely occurring bacterial c- type cytochrome. Cytochromes c' are high-spin proteins and the heme has no sixth ligand. Their exact function is not known Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00147 Protein Sequence: FASTA 74. Soluble cytochrome b558 Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P82291 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA 75. Heme oxygenase 1 Pharmacological action: unknown Catalyzes the opening of the heme ring with the release of iron. Key enzyme in the synthesis of the chromophoric part of the photosynthetic antennae Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P72849 Gene: pbsA1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 76. Cytochrome P450 51 Pharmacological action: unknown Its precise biological substrate is not known. Catalyzes C14-demethylation of lanosterol, 24,25-dihydrolanosterol and obtusifoliol which is critical for ergosterol biosynthesis. It transforms lanosterol into 4,4'-dimethyl cholesta-8,14,24-triene- 3-beta-ol Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P0A512 Gene: cyp51 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 77. Quinohemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase ADH IIB Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q8GR64 Gene: qbdA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 78. Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Pharmacological action: unknown May have a role as a major mediator of inflammation and/or a role for prostanoid signaling in activity-dependent plasticity Organism class: human UniProt ID: P35354 Gene: PTGS2 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 79. Cytochrome P450 152A1 Pharmacological action: unknown Catalyzes the alpha- and beta-hydroxylation of myristic acid in the presence of hydrogen peroxide Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: O31440 Gene: cypC Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 80. 6-deoxyerythronolide B hydroxylase Pharmacological action: unknown Conversion of 6-deoxyerythronolide B (6-DEB) to erythronolide B (EB) by the insertion of an oxygen at the 6S position of 6-DEB Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q00441 Gene: eryF Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 81. Cytochrome c-550 Pharmacological action: unknown Low-potential cytochrome c that plays a role in water oxidation complex of photosystem II Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P0A387 Gene: psbV Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 82. Putative cytochrome P450-family protein Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9L142 Gene: SCO7417 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 83. Hemophore HasA Pharmacological action: unknown Can bind free heme and also acquire it from hemoglobin. Conveys heme from hemoglobin to the HasR receptor which releases it into the bacterium. HasR alone can take up heme but the synergy between HasA and HasR increases heme uptake 100-fold Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q54450 Gene: hasA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 84. Cytochrome c-552 Pharmacological action: unknown This monoheme basic protein appears to function as an electron donor to cytochrome oxidase in T.thermophilus Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P04164 Gene: cycA Protein Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 85. Acidic cytochrome c3 Pharmacological action: unknown Exchanges electrons specifically with the basic cytochrome c3 Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P94690 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 86. Putative cytochrome P450 Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9KZR7 Gene: SCO2884 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 87. Cytochrome P450 121 Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P0A514 Gene: cyp121 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 88. Cytochrome c2 Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochrome c2 is found mainly in purple, non-sulfur, photosynthetic bacteria where it functions as the electron donor to the oxidized bacteriochlorophyll in the photophosphorylation pathway. However, it may also have a role in the respiratory chain and is found in some non-photosynthetic bacteria Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00091 Gene: cycA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 89. High-molecular-weight cytochrome c Pharmacological action: unknown HMWC (high-molecular-weight cytochrome c), ORF2, ORF3, ORF4, ORF5 and ORF6 in the HMC operon form a transmembrane protein complex that allows electron flow from the periplasmic hydrogenase to the cytoplasmic enzymes that catalyze reduction of sulfates Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P24092 Gene: hmcA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 90. Bacterioferritin Pharmacological action: unknown May perform analogous functions in iron detoxification and storage to that of animal ferritins Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P22759 Gene: bfr Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 91. Nitrite reductase Pharmacological action: unknown Nitric oxide + H(2)O + ferricytochrome c = nitrite + ferrocytochrome c + 2 H(+) Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P72181 Gene: nirS Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 92. Cytochrome P450 2C9 Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S- warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan Organism class: human UniProt ID: P11712 Gene: CYP2C9 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 93. Flavohemoprotein Pharmacological action: unknown In the presence of oxygen and NADH, FHP has NADH oxidase activity, which leads to the generation of superoxide and H(2)O(2), both in vitro and in vivo, and it has been suggested that FHP might act as an amplifier of superoxide stress. Under anaerobic conditions, FHP also exhibits nitric oxide reductase and FAD reductase activities. However, all these reactions are much lower than NOD activity Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P39662 Gene: hmp Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 94. Cytochrome c' Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochrome c' is the most widely occurring bacterial c- type cytochrome. Cytochromes c' are high-spin proteins and the heme has no sixth ligand. Their exact function is not known Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00149 Gene: cycA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 95. Cytochrome c3 Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9L915 Gene: cytc3 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 96. Flavohemoprotein Pharmacological action: unknown Various electron acceptors are also reduced by HMP in vitro, including dihydropterine, ferrisiderophores, ferric citrate, cytochrome c, nitrite, S-nitrosoglutathione, and alkylhydroperoxides. However, it is unknown if these reactions are of any biological significance in vivo Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P24232 Gene: hmp Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 97. Cytochrome c nitrite reductase catalytic subunit Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q8VNU2 Gene: nrfA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 98. Nonaheme cytochrome c Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9XCU0 Gene: hmcA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 99. Hypothetical protein Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q9HX49 Gene: PA3967 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 100. P450cin Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q8VQF6 Gene: cinA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 101. Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: human UniProt ID: P09917 Gene: ALOX5 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 102. Cytochrome c-556 Pharmacological action: unknown Low-spin monoheme cytochrome c Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00150 Gene: RPA3973 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 103. Apocytochrome f Pharmacological action: unknown Component of the cytochrome b6-f complex, which mediates electron transfer between photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), cyclic electron flow around PSI, and state transitions (By similarity) Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P95522 Gene: petA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 104. Catalase Pharmacological action: unknown Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P77872 Gene: katA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 105. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase A Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: human UniProt ID: Q15735 Gene: INPP5J SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 106. Cytochrome c2 Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochrome c2 is found mainly in purple, non-sulfur, photosynthetic bacteria where it functions as the electron donor to the oxidized bacteriochlorophyll in the photophosphorylation pathway. However, it may also have a role in the respiratory chain and is found in some non-photosynthetic bacteria Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P00083 Gene: cycA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 107. Catalase-peroxidase Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q31MN3 Gene: katG SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 108. Iron-starvation protein PigA Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: O69002 Gene: pigA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 109. Heme oxygenase 2 Pharmacological action: unknown Catalyzes the opening of the heme ring with the release of iron. Key enzyme in the synthesis of the chromophoric part of the photosynthetic antennae (By similarity) Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P74133 Gene: pbsA2 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 110. Neuroglobin Pharmacological action: unknown Involved in oxygen transport in the brain Organism class: human UniProt ID: Q9NPG2 Gene: NGB Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 111. Cytochrome b5 Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochrome b5 is a membrane bound hemoprotein which function as an electron carrier for several membrane bound oxygenases Organism class: human UniProt ID: P00167 Gene: CYB5A Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 112. Cytochrome P450 2C18 Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics Organism class: human UniProt ID: P33260 Gene: CYP2C18 Protein Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 113. Hemopexin Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: human UniProt ID: P02790 Gene: HPX SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 114. Sulfite oxidase, mitochondrial Pharmacological action: unknown Sulfite + O(2) + H(2)O = sulfate + H(2)O(2) Organism class: human UniProt ID: P51687 Gene: SUOX Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed 115. Cytochrome c551 peroxidase Pharmacological action: unknown 2 ferrocytochrome c + H(2)O(2) = 2 ferricytochrome c + 2 H(2)O Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P55929 Gene: ccp Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 116. Cytochrome P450 3A4 Pharmacological action: unknown Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4- hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide Organism class: human UniProt ID: P08684 Gene: CYP3A4 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 117. PpcA Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q8GGK7 Gene: ppcA Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 118. Cytochrome c peroxidase Pharmacological action: unknown Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P83787 Protein Sequence: FASTA 119. Hydroxylamine oxidoreductase Pharmacological action: unknown Catalyzes the oxidation of hydroxylamine to nitrite. The electrons released in the reaction are partitioned to ammonium monooxygenase and to the respiratory chain. The immediate acceptor of electrons from HAO is cytochrome c-554 Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: Q50925 Gene: hao1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report 120. Hemoglobin-like protein HbO Pharmacological action: unknown When expressed in E.coli and M.smegmatis, HbO increases oxygen uptake. Membrane vesicles of E.coli carrying HbO show a respiration activity about twice that of membranes without HbO. HbO seems to interact with a terminal oxidase. Therefore, HbO could participate in oxygen/electron-transfer process, suggesting a function related to the facilitation of oxygen transfer during aerobic metabolism of M.tuberculosis Organism class: bacterial UniProt ID: P0A595 Gene: glbO Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report

Targets

1. Cytochrome c3

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q8EDL6 Link_out

Gene: SO_2727
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

2. Hemoglobin-like protein yjbI

Pharmacological action: unknown

Hemoglobin-like protein that exhibits a low peroxidase activity. Its very high oxygen affinity may rule out the possibility that it is involved in oxygen transport

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: O31607 Link_out

Gene: yjbI
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

3. Cytochrome P450 165B3

Pharmacological action: unknown

Involved in the coupling of aromatic side chains of the heptapeptide of vancomycin

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q8RN04 Link_out

Gene: CYP165B3
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

4. HemO

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9RGD9 Link_out

Gene: hemO
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

5. Nine-heme cytochrome c

Pharmacological action: unknown

May form part of a transmembrane redox complex through which electrons are transferred to the cytoplasm for reduction of sulfate

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9RN68 Link_out

Gene: Ddes_2038
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

6. Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q8RBX6 Link_out

Gene: Tar4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

7. Cytochrome c family protein

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q74BP5 Link_out

Gene: GSU1996
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

8. Cytochrome c2

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00080 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA

9. Heme oxygenase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Allows the bacteria to use the host heme as an iron source. Involved in the oxidation of heme and subsequent release of iron from the heme moiety

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P71119 Link_out

Gene: hmuO
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

10. Bacterioferritin

Pharmacological action: unknown

May perform analogous functions in iron detoxification and storage to that of animal ferritins (By similarity)

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q59738 Link_out

Gene: bfr
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

11. Cytochrome c-L

Pharmacological action: unknown

Electron acceptor for MDH. Acts in methanol oxidation

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P14774 Link_out

Gene: moxG
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

12. Heme-regulated cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Has phosphodiesterase activity with cAMP but not with cGMP, bis(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate or p-nitrophenyl phosphate

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P76129 Link_out

Gene: dosP
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

13. CooA protein

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P72322 Link_out

Gene: cooA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

14. Cytoglobin

Pharmacological action: unknown

May have a protective function during conditions of oxidative stress. May be involved in intracellular oxygen storage or transfer

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: Q8WWM9 Link_out

Gene: CYGB
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

15. Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit

Pharmacological action: unknown

Catalyzes unidirectional fumarate reduction using artificial electron donors such as methyl viologen. The physiological reductant is unknown

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9Z4P0 Link_out

Gene: ifcA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

16. Cytochrome c-550

Pharmacological action: unknown

Low-potential cytochrome c that plays a possible role in water oxidation complex of photosystem II

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P82603 Link_out

Gene: psbV
Protein Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

17. Cyanoglobin

Pharmacological action: unknown

Forms a very stable complex with oxygen. The oxygen dissociation rate is 0.011 s(-1)

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P73925 Link_out

Gene: glbN
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

18. Myoglobin

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P02144 Link_out

Gene: MB
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

19. Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit

Pharmacological action: unknown

Catalyzes fumarate reduction using artificial electron donors such as methyl viologen. The physiological reductant is unknown, but evidence indicates that flavocytochrome c participates in electron transfer from formate to fumarate and possibly also to trimethylamine oxide (TMAO). This enzyme is essentially unidirectional

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P83223 Link_out

Gene: SO_0970
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

20. Peroxidase/catalase

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q939D2 Link_out

Gene: katG
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

21. Cytochrome P450-cam

Pharmacological action: unknown

Involved in a camphor oxidation system

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00183 Link_out

Gene: camC
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

22. Cytochrome b5 type B

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: human
UniProt ID: O43169 Link_out

Gene: CYB5B
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

23. Nitric-oxide synthase, brain

Pharmacological action: unknown

Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In the brain and peripheral nervous system, NO displays many properties of a neurotransmitter

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P29475 Link_out

Gene: NOS1 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

24. Cytochrome c, putative

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q8E9W8 Link_out

Gene: SO_4144
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

25. Cytochrome c3

Pharmacological action: unknown

Participates in sulfate respiration coupled with phosphorylation by transferring electrons from the enzyme dehydrogenase to ferredoxin

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00132 Link_out

Gene: DvMF_2499
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

26. Fumarate reductase flavoprotein subunit

Pharmacological action: unknown

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P0C278 Link_out

Gene: fccA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

27. Cytochrome P450 2C8

Pharmacological action: unknown

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. In the epoxidation of arachidonic acid it generates only 14,15- and 11,12-cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. It is the principal enzyme responsible for the metabolism the anti- cancer drug paclitaxel (taxol)

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P10632 Link_out

Gene: CYP2C8
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

28. Catalase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P04040 Link_out

Gene: CAT

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

29. Soluble cytochrome b562 precursor

Pharmacological action: unknown

Electron-transport protein of unknown function

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P0ABE7 Link_out

Gene: cybC
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

30. Cytochrome c-type protein SHP

Pharmacological action: unknown

High-spin cytochrome. Transiently bind oxygen during autoxidation, which occurs with a half-life of 3 min with a 4-fold excess of O(2). Also binds carbon monoxide, azide and cyanide

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P81238 Link_out

Gene: shp
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

31. Heme oxygenase 1

Pharmacological action: unknown

Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P09601 Link_out

Gene: HMOX1 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

32. Heme-based aerotactic transducer hemAT

Pharmacological action: unknown

Heme-containing signal transducer responsible for aerotaxis, the migratory response toward or away from oxygen

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: O07621 Link_out

Gene: hemAT
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

33. Cytochrome c-552

Pharmacological action: unknown

Plays a role in nitrite reduction

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9Z4P4 Link_out

Gene: nrfA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

34. Cystathionine beta-synthase

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P35520 Link_out

Gene: CBS

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

35. Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Catalyzes the production of nitric oxide

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: O34453 Link_out

Gene: nos
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

36. Cytochrome P450 167A1

Pharmacological action: unknown

Involved in the biosynthesis of epothilones, macrolactones which have a narrow anti-fungal spectrum and microtubule-stabilizing activity. Responsible for the epooxidation of epothilones C and D to epothilones A and B, respectively

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9KIZ4 Link_out

Gene: CYP167A1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

37. Putative cytochrome P450

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9FCA6 Link_out

Gene: SCO1207
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

38. Hydroxyacid oxidase 1

Pharmacological action: unknown

Has 2-hydroxyacid oxidase activity. Most active on the 2-carbon substrate glycolate, but is also active on 2-hydroxy fatty acids

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: Q9UJM8 Link_out

Gene: HAO1 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

39. Nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial

Pharmacological action: unknown

Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is implicated in vascular smooth muscle relaxation through a cGMP-mediated signal transduction pathway. No mediates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis in coronary vessels and promotes blood clotting through the activation of platelets

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P29474 Link_out

Gene: NOS3 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

40. Cytochrome c-551

Pharmacological action: unknown

Electron donor for cytochrome cd1 in nitrite and nitrate respiration

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00099 Link_out

Gene: nirM
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

41. Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1

Pharmacological action: unknown

May play an important role in regulating or promoting cell proliferation in some normal and neoplastically transformed cells

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P23219 Link_out

Gene: PTGS1 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

42. Hemoglobin-like protein HbN

Pharmacological action: unknown

Binds oxygen cooperatively with very high affinity (P(50) = 0.013 mmHg at 20 degrees Celsius) because of a fast combination (25 microM(-1).s(-1)) and a slow dissociation (0.2 s(- 1)) rate

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P0A592 Link_out

Gene: glbN
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

43. Nitric oxide synthase, inducible

Pharmacological action: unknown

Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal actions

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P35228 Link_out

Gene: NOS2A Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

44. Cytochrome c-554

Pharmacological action: unknown

Involved in ammonia oxidation; accepts electrons directly from hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO)

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q57142 Link_out

Gene: cycA1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

45. Nitric oxide synthase oxygenase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Catalyzes the production of nitric oxide

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P0A094 Link_out

Gene: nos
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

46. Cytochrome P450 165C4

Pharmacological action: unknown

Involved in the coupling of aromatic side chains of the heptapeptide of vancomycin

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q8RN03 Link_out

Gene: CYP165C4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

47. Cytochrome c

Pharmacological action: unknown

Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti- apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P99999 Link_out

Gene: CYCS Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

48. Cytochrome c2 iso-2

Pharmacological action: unknown

Cytochrome c2 is found mainly in purple, non-sulfur, photosynthetic bacteria where it functions as the electron donor to the oxidized bacteriochlorophyll in the photophosphorylation pathway. However, it may also have a role in the respiratory chain and is found in some non-photosynthetic bacteria

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P81154 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA

49. Cytochrome oxidase subunit II

Pharmacological action: unknown

4 ferrocytochrome c + O(2) = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H(2)O

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9F3S9 Link_out

Gene: rcoxA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

50. Peroxidase/catalase T

Pharmacological action: unknown

Bifunctional, exhibiting both a catalase and broad- spectrum peroxidase activities. May play a role in the intracellular survival of mycobacteria

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q08129 Link_out

Gene: katG
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

51. Cytochrome c-552

Pharmacological action: unknown

This monoheme basic protein appears to function as an electron donor to cytochrome oxidase in T.thermophilus

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q5SME3 Link_out

Gene: cycA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

52. Cytochrome c2

Pharmacological action: unknown

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00094 Link_out

Gene: cycA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

53. Catalase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P46206 Link_out

Gene: katB
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

54. Diheme cytochrome c napB

Pharmacological action: unknown

Small subunit of the periplasmic nitrate reductase (NAP). Only expressed at high levels during aerobic growth. NapAB complex receives electrons from the membrane-anchored tetraheme napC protein, thus allowing electron flow between membrane and periplasm. Essential function for nitrate assimilation and may have a role in anaerobic metabolism (By similarity)

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P44654 Link_out

Gene: napB
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

55. Cytochrome c6

Pharmacological action: unknown

Functions as an electron carrier between membrane-bound cytochrome b6-f and photosystem I in oxygenic photosynthesis

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00118 Link_out

Gene: petJ
Protein Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

56. Cytochrome c4

Pharmacological action: unknown

Diheme, high potential cytochrome c believed to be an intermediate electron donor to terminal oxidation systems

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q52369 Link_out

Gene: cc4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

57. Sensor protein fixL

Pharmacological action: unknown

Putative oxygen sensor; modulates the activity of fixJ, a transcriptional activator of nitrogen fixation fixK gene. FixL probably acts as a kinase that phosphorylates fixJ

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P10955 Link_out

Gene: fixL
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

58. Cytochrome c3

Pharmacological action: unknown

Participates in sulfate respiration coupled with phosphorylation by transferring electrons from the enzyme dehydrogenase to ferredoxin

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00133 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA

59. Catalase HPII

Pharmacological action: unknown

Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P21179 Link_out

Gene: katE
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

60. Bacterial hemoglobin

Pharmacological action: unknown

This protein functions as a terminal oxidase

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P04252 Link_out

Gene: vhb
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

61. Cytochrome c-553

Pharmacological action: unknown

Natural electron acceptor for a formate dehydrogenase

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P82599 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA

62. Cytochrome c3

Pharmacological action: unknown

Participates in sulfate respiration coupled with phosphorylation by transferring electrons from the enzyme dehydrogenase to ferredoxin

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00131 Link_out

Gene: DVU_3171
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

63. Catalase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P29422 Link_out

Gene: katA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

64. Hemoglobin subunit gamma-1

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P69891 Link_out

Gene: HBG1
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

65. Sensor protein fixL

Pharmacological action: unknown

Putative oxygen sensor; modulates the activity of fixJ, a transcriptional activator of nitrogen fixation fixK gene. FixL probably acts as a kinase that phosphorylates fixJ

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P23222 Link_out

Gene: fixL
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

66. Cytochrome P450

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q746J6 Link_out

Gene: TT_P0059
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

67. Catalase/peroxidase

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q834P5 Link_out

Gene: katA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

68. Bifunctional P-450:NADPH-P450 reductase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Functions as a fatty acid monooxygenase. Catalyzes hydroxylation of medium and long-chain fatty acids at omega-1, omega-2 and omega-3 positions, with optimum chain lengths of 12-16 carbons (lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids). The reductase domain is required for electron transfer from NADP to cytochrome P450

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P14779 Link_out

Gene: CYP102A1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

69. Hemoglobin subunit beta

Pharmacological action: unknown

Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P68871 Link_out

Gene: HBB

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

70. Catalase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P42321 Link_out

Gene: katA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

71. Cytochrome c-552

Pharmacological action: unknown

Plays a role in nitrite reduction

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9S1E5 Link_out

Gene: nrfA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

72. Cytochrome P450 2B6

Pharmacological action: unknown

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P20813 Link_out

Gene: CYP2B6 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

73. Cytochrome c'

Pharmacological action: unknown

Cytochrome c' is the most widely occurring bacterial c- type cytochrome. Cytochromes c' are high-spin proteins and the heme has no sixth ligand. Their exact function is not known

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00147 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA

74. Soluble cytochrome b558

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P82291 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA

75. Heme oxygenase 1

Pharmacological action: unknown

Catalyzes the opening of the heme ring with the release of iron. Key enzyme in the synthesis of the chromophoric part of the photosynthetic antennae

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P72849 Link_out

Gene: pbsA1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

76. Cytochrome P450 51

Pharmacological action: unknown

Its precise biological substrate is not known. Catalyzes C14-demethylation of lanosterol, 24,25-dihydrolanosterol and obtusifoliol which is critical for ergosterol biosynthesis. It transforms lanosterol into 4,4'-dimethyl cholesta-8,14,24-triene- 3-beta-ol

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P0A512 Link_out

Gene: cyp51
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

77. Quinohemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase ADH IIB

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q8GR64 Link_out

Gene: qbdA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

78. Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2

Pharmacological action: unknown

May have a role as a major mediator of inflammation and/or a role for prostanoid signaling in activity-dependent plasticity

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P35354 Link_out

Gene: PTGS2 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

79. Cytochrome P450 152A1

Pharmacological action: unknown

Catalyzes the alpha- and beta-hydroxylation of myristic acid in the presence of hydrogen peroxide

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: O31440 Link_out

Gene: cypC
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

80. 6-deoxyerythronolide B hydroxylase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Conversion of 6-deoxyerythronolide B (6-DEB) to erythronolide B (EB) by the insertion of an oxygen at the 6S position of 6-DEB

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q00441 Link_out

Gene: eryF
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

81. Cytochrome c-550

Pharmacological action: unknown

Low-potential cytochrome c that plays a role in water oxidation complex of photosystem II

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P0A387 Link_out

Gene: psbV
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

82. Putative cytochrome P450-family protein

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9L142 Link_out

Gene: SCO7417
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

83. Hemophore HasA

Pharmacological action: unknown

Can bind free heme and also acquire it from hemoglobin. Conveys heme from hemoglobin to the HasR receptor which releases it into the bacterium. HasR alone can take up heme but the synergy between HasA and HasR increases heme uptake 100-fold

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q54450 Link_out

Gene: hasA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

84. Cytochrome c-552

Pharmacological action: unknown

This monoheme basic protein appears to function as an electron donor to cytochrome oxidase in T.thermophilus

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P04164 Link_out

Gene: cycA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

85. Acidic cytochrome c3

Pharmacological action: unknown

Exchanges electrons specifically with the basic cytochrome c3

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P94690 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

86. Putative cytochrome P450

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9KZR7 Link_out

Gene: SCO2884
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

87. Cytochrome P450 121

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P0A514 Link_out

Gene: cyp121
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

88. Cytochrome c2

Pharmacological action: unknown

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00091 Link_out

Gene: cycA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

89. High-molecular-weight cytochrome c

Pharmacological action: unknown

HMWC (high-molecular-weight cytochrome c), ORF2, ORF3, ORF4, ORF5 and ORF6 in the HMC operon form a transmembrane protein complex that allows electron flow from the periplasmic hydrogenase to the cytoplasmic enzymes that catalyze reduction of sulfates

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P24092 Link_out

Gene: hmcA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

90. Bacterioferritin

Pharmacological action: unknown

May perform analogous functions in iron detoxification and storage to that of animal ferritins

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P22759 Link_out

Gene: bfr
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

91. Nitrite reductase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Nitric oxide + H(2)O + ferricytochrome c = nitrite + ferrocytochrome c + 2 H(+)

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P72181 Link_out

Gene: nirS
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

92. Cytochrome P450 2C9

Pharmacological action: unknown

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S- warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P11712 Link_out

Gene: CYP2C9
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

93. Flavohemoprotein

Pharmacological action: unknown

In the presence of oxygen and NADH, FHP has NADH oxidase activity, which leads to the generation of superoxide and H(2)O(2), both in vitro and in vivo, and it has been suggested that FHP might act as an amplifier of superoxide stress. Under anaerobic conditions, FHP also exhibits nitric oxide reductase and FAD reductase activities. However, all these reactions are much lower than NOD activity

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P39662 Link_out

Gene: hmp
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

94. Cytochrome c'

Pharmacological action: unknown

Cytochrome c' is the most widely occurring bacterial c- type cytochrome. Cytochromes c' are high-spin proteins and the heme has no sixth ligand. Their exact function is not known

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00149 Link_out

Gene: cycA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

95. Cytochrome c3

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9L915 Link_out

Gene: cytc3
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

96. Flavohemoprotein

Pharmacological action: unknown

Various electron acceptors are also reduced by HMP in vitro, including dihydropterine, ferrisiderophores, ferric citrate, cytochrome c, nitrite, S-nitrosoglutathione, and alkylhydroperoxides. However, it is unknown if these reactions are of any biological significance in vivo

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P24232 Link_out

Gene: hmp
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

97. Cytochrome c nitrite reductase catalytic subunit

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q8VNU2 Link_out

Gene: nrfA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

98. Nonaheme cytochrome c

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9XCU0 Link_out

Gene: hmcA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

99. Hypothetical protein

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q9HX49 Link_out

Gene: PA3967
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

100. P450cin

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q8VQF6 Link_out

Gene: cinA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

101. Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P09917 Link_out

Gene: ALOX5 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

102. Cytochrome c-556

Pharmacological action: unknown

Low-spin monoheme cytochrome c

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00150 Link_out

Gene: RPA3973
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

103. Apocytochrome f

Pharmacological action: unknown

Component of the cytochrome b6-f complex, which mediates electron transfer between photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), cyclic electron flow around PSI, and state transitions (By similarity)

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P95522 Link_out

Gene: petA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

104. Catalase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P77872 Link_out

Gene: katA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

105. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase A

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: human
UniProt ID: Q15735 Link_out

Gene: INPP5J
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

106. Cytochrome c2

Pharmacological action: unknown

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P00083 Link_out

Gene: cycA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

107. Catalase-peroxidase

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q31MN3 Link_out

Gene: katG
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

108. Iron-starvation protein PigA

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: O69002 Link_out

Gene: pigA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

109. Heme oxygenase 2

Pharmacological action: unknown

Catalyzes the opening of the heme ring with the release of iron. Key enzyme in the synthesis of the chromophoric part of the photosynthetic antennae (By similarity)

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P74133 Link_out

Gene: pbsA2
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

110. Neuroglobin

Pharmacological action: unknown

Involved in oxygen transport in the brain

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: Q9NPG2 Link_out

Gene: NGB
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

111. Cytochrome b5

Pharmacological action: unknown

Cytochrome b5 is a membrane bound hemoprotein which function as an electron carrier for several membrane bound oxygenases

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P00167 Link_out

Gene: CYB5A Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

112. Cytochrome P450 2C18

Pharmacological action: unknown

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P33260 Link_out

Gene: CYP2C18 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

113. Hemopexin

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P02790 Link_out

Gene: HPX
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

114. Sulfite oxidase, mitochondrial

Pharmacological action: unknown

Sulfite + O(2) + H(2)O = sulfate + H(2)O(2)

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P51687 Link_out

Gene: SUOX
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. Pubmed

115. Cytochrome c551 peroxidase

Pharmacological action: unknown

2 ferrocytochrome c + H(2)O(2) = 2 ferricytochrome c + 2 H(2)O

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P55929 Link_out

Gene: ccp
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

116. Cytochrome P450 3A4

Pharmacological action: unknown

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4- hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P08684 Link_out

Gene: CYP3A4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

117. PpcA

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q8GGK7 Link_out

Gene: ppcA
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

118. Cytochrome c peroxidase

Pharmacological action: unknown
Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P83787 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA

119. Hydroxylamine oxidoreductase

Pharmacological action: unknown

Catalyzes the oxidation of hydroxylamine to nitrite. The electrons released in the reaction are partitioned to ammonium monooxygenase and to the respiratory chain. The immediate acceptor of electrons from HAO is cytochrome c-554

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: Q50925 Link_out

Gene: hao1
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

120. Hemoglobin-like protein HbO

Pharmacological action: unknown

When expressed in E.coli and M.smegmatis, HbO increases oxygen uptake. Membrane vesicles of E.coli carrying HbO show a respiration activity about twice that of membranes without HbO. HbO seems to interact with a terminal oxidase. Therefore, HbO could participate in oxygen/electron-transfer process, suggesting a function related to the facilitation of oxygen transfer during aerobic metabolism of M.tuberculosis

Organism class: bacterial
UniProt ID: P0A595 Link_out

Gene: glbO
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

Carriers
1. Serum albumin Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood UniProt ID: P02768 Gene: ALB Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Ascenzi P, Fasano M: Allostery in a monomeric protein: the case of human serum albumin. Biophys Chem. 2010 May;148(1-3):16-22. Epub 2010 Mar 6. Pubmed

Carriers

1. Serum albumin

Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood

UniProt ID: P02768 Link_out

Gene: ALB

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Ascenzi P, Fasano M: Allostery in a monomeric protein: the case of human serum albumin. Biophys Chem. 2010 May;148(1-3):16-22. Epub 2010 Mar 6. Pubmed

Comments

Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on February 08, 2013 16:21