Solriamfetol

Identification

Brand Names
Sunosi
Generic Name
Solriamfetol
DrugBank Accession Number
DB14754
Background

Solriamfetol marketed under the brand name Sunosi by Jazz Pharmaceuticals in the United States is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (DNRI) indicated in treating daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apneaLabel. Solriamfetol was given FDA approval in 2019Label.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 194.234
Monoisotopic: 194.105527699
Chemical Formula
C10H14N2O2
Synonyms
  • (2R)-2-amino-3-phenylpropyl carbamate
  • Solriamfetol
External IDs
  • JZP-110
  • R-228060
  • SKL-N-05
  • YKP-10A

Pharmacology

Indication

Solriamfetol is indicated for treatment of daytime sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea and narcolepsy, but is not a treatment for the underlying airway obstruction in apnea patientsLabel3,4.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Treatment ofDaytime sleepiness••••••••••••••••••
Treatment ofDaytime sleepiness••••••••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Solriamfetol weakly binds to dopamine and norepinephrine transporters but not serotonin transportersLabel2. Solriamfetol does not bind to dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, GABA, adenosine, histamine, orexin, benzodiazepines, or muscarinic and nicotinic receptorsLabel.

Solriamfetol is also associated with a mean increase of 21 beats per minute (BPM) in heart rate in patients taking 300mg (twice the maximum recommended dose) and 27 BPM in patients taking 900mg (six times the maximum recommended dose)Label. 300mg of solriamfetol does not increase the QTcF interval to a clinically relevant degreeLabel.

Mechanism of action

The specific mechanism of action is unknown but it may be through its activity as a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitorLabel2.

TargetActionsOrganism
USodium-dependent dopamine transporterNot AvailableHumans
USodium-dependent noradrenaline transporterNot AvailableHumans
Absorption

Oral bioavailability of solriamfetol is approximately 95%Label. Peak plasma concentration is reached in 2 hours (with a range of 1.25 to 3 hours) in fasted patientsLabel. When solriamfetol is taken with a high fat meal, the time to peak plasma concentration increases to 3 hoursLabel.

Volume of distribution

199LLabel. Other studies have found the volume of distribution to be 158.2L ± 37.3L in fasted subjects and 159.8L ± 38.9L in fed subjects4.

Protein binding

13.3% to 19.4% protein bound over a plasma concentration range of 0.059 to 10.1mcg/mLLabel.

Metabolism

Solriamfetol does not undergo significant metabolism in humans, though less than 1% of solriamfetol is metabolized to N-acetyl solriamfetolLabel2.

Route of elimination

95% of solriamfetol is recovered in urine unchanged by metabolismLabel. Less than 1% of solriamfetol is recovered as N-acetyl solriamfetolLabel2.

Half-life

7.1 hoursLabel. Other studies have found the mean half life to be 6.1 ± 1.2 hours in fasted subjects and 5.9 ± 1.2 hours in fed subjects4.

Clearance

Renal clearance is 18.2L/h and total clearance is 19.5L/hLabel. Other studies have found clearance to be 18.4 ± 4.2L/h in fasted subjects and 18.8 ± 4.2L/h in fed subjects4.

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Age, gender, and race do not significantly affect solriamfetol pharmacokinetics and no dose adjustments were made in clinical trials for patients over 65 yearsLabel.

Patients with renal failure experience increases in half life between 1.2 and 3.9 times that in healthy patientsLabel. 21% of solriamfetol was removed by hemodialysis, however time to peak concentration was not affectedLabel.

Solriamfetol is not expected to lead to adverse effects in pregnancyLabel. Maternal and fetal toxicity was seen in animal studies at ≥4 and 5 times the maximum recommended human dose and teratogenicity was seen at 19 and ≥5 times the maximum recommended human doseLabel.

Breastfed infants should be monitored for adverse reactions such as agitation, insomnia, anorexia, and reduced weight gain as solriamfetol is present in breast milkLabel. However, there is no currently available data on the effect of solriamfetol in breast milk on breast fed inantsLabel.

Safety and effectiveness of solriamfetol in pediatric patients has not been established in clinical studiesLabel.

Solriamfetol does not display different safety or effectiveness in geriatric populationsLabel.

Dosage adjustments are recommended for patients with eGFR <60mL/min/1.73m^2 and solriamfetol is not recommended for patients with an eGFR <15mL/min/1.73m^2Label.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
1,2-BenzodiazepineThe risk or severity of CNS depression can be increased when 1,2-Benzodiazepine is combined with Solriamfetol.
AbacavirAbacavir may decrease the excretion rate of Solriamfetol which could result in a higher serum level.
AbemaciclibThe excretion of Abemaciclib can be decreased when combined with Solriamfetol.
AcebutololSolriamfetol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Acebutolol.
AceclofenacThe risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Solriamfetol is combined with Aceclofenac.
Food Interactions
  • Take with or without food.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Solriamfetol hydrochlorideK7RO88SP7A178429-65-7KAOVAAHCFNYXNJ-SBSPUUFOSA-N
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
SunosiTablet, film coated150 mgOralAtnahs Pharma Netherlands B.V.2020-12-16Not applicableEU flag
SunosiTablet, film coated75 mg/1OralJazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc.2019-06-182023-11-30US flag
SunosiTablet, film coated75 mgOralAtnahs Pharma Netherlands B.V.2020-12-16Not applicableEU flag
SunosiTablet, film coated150 mg/1OralAxsome Therapeutics, Inc.2019-06-18Not applicableUS flag
SunosiTablet75 mgOralAxsome Malta Ltd.2021-08-03Not applicableCanada flag

Categories

ATC Codes
N06BA14 — Solriamfetol
Drug Categories
Classification
Not classified
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
939U7C91AI
CAS number
178429-62-4
InChI Key
UCTRAOBQFUDCSR-SECBINFHSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C10H14N2O2/c11-9(7-14-10(12)13)6-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-5,9H,6-7,11H2,(H2,12,13)/t9-/m1/s1
IUPAC Name
(2R)-2-amino-3-phenylpropyl carbamate
SMILES
N[C@@H](COC(N)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1

References

General References
  1. Amsterdam JD, Brunswick DJ, Hundert M: A single-site, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study of YKP10A--a putative, new antidepressant. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2002 Dec;26(7-8):1333-8. [Article]
  2. Baladi MG, Forster MJ, Gatch MB, Mailman RB, Hyman DL, Carter LP, Janowsky A: Characterization of the Neurochemical and Behavioral Effects of Solriamfetol (JZP-110), a Selective Dopamine and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2018 Aug;366(2):367-376. doi: 10.1124/jpet.118.248120. Epub 2018 Jun 11. [Article]
  3. Schweitzer PK, Rosenberg R, Zammit GK, Gotfried M, Chen D, Carter LP, Wang H, Lu Y, Black J, Malhotra A, Strohl KP: Solriamfetol for Excessive Sleepiness in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (TONES 3): A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 Dec 6. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201806-1100OC. [Article]
  4. Zomorodi K, Kankam M, Lu Y: A Phase I, Randomized, Crossover, Open-label Study of the Pharmacokinetics of Solriamfetol (JZP-110) in Healthy Adult Subjects With and Without Food. Clin Ther. 2019 Feb;41(2):196-204. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2018.12.001. Epub 2018 Dec 28. [Article]
  5. FDA Approved Drug Products: Sunosi Solriamfetol Oral Tablets [Link]
ChemSpider
8305853
RxNav
2121751
ChEMBL
CHEMBL4297620
ZINC
ZINC000034278783
Wikipedia
Solriamfetol
FDA label
Download (700 KB)
MSDS
Download (52.2 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4Active Not RecruitingTreatmentChronic Fatigue Syndrome/ Myalgic Encephalitis (CFS/ME)1
4CompletedTreatmentExcessive Daytime Sleepiness / Impaired Cognitive Function / Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)1
4RecruitingTreatmentBinge Eating Disorder (BED)1
4RecruitingTreatmentInsomnia1
4RecruitingTreatmentShift-work related sleep disturbance / Somnolence1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
TabletOral150 mg
TabletOral75 mg
Tablet, film coatedOral150 mg/1
Tablet, film coatedOral150 MG
Tablet, film coatedOral75 MG
Tablet, film coatedOral75 mg/1
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Patent NumberPediatric ExtensionApprovedExpires (estimated)Region
US8877806No2014-11-042026-06-07US flag
US8440715No2013-05-142027-08-25US flag
US9604917No2017-03-282026-06-07US flag
US10195151No2019-02-052037-09-05US flag
US10351517No2019-07-162026-06-07US flag
US10512609No2019-12-242037-09-05US flag
US10912754No2021-02-092038-06-01US flag
US10940133No2021-03-092040-03-19US flag
US10959976No2021-03-302038-06-01US flag
US11439597No2014-11-052034-11-05US flag
US11560354No2019-03-062039-03-06US flag
US11160779No2021-11-022040-03-19US flag
US11648232No2018-06-012038-06-01US flag
US11753368No2006-06-072026-06-07US flag
US11771667No2022-12-302042-12-30US flag
US11771666No2022-12-302042-12-30US flag
US11793776No2022-12-302042-12-30US flag
US11779554No2022-12-302042-12-30US flag
US11839599No2020-03-192040-03-19US flag
US11839598No2020-03-192040-03-19US flag
US11850226No2020-03-192040-03-19US flag
US11850227No2020-03-192040-03-19US flag
US11850228No2020-03-192040-03-19US flag
US11857528No2020-03-192040-03-19US flag
US11872203No2022-12-302042-12-30US flag
US11872204No2022-12-302042-12-30US flag

Properties

State
Not Available
Experimental Properties
Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility1.95 mg/mLALOGPS
logP0.62ALOGPS
logP0.86Chemaxon
logS-2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)15.68Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.08Chemaxon
Physiological Charge1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area78.34 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count5Chemaxon
Refractivity53.08 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability20.64 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings1Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterYesChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0159-1900000000-c41194fa6f6bc0bc7e62
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-000x-9800000000-ede5783378c4a616bcd2
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-af9869988c8dbe7045bd
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0fr6-5900000000-b5750ee520d020dbe87b
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9300000000-f505b96c8664b77aeeae
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9400000000-5a71dba5429501a07207
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available

Targets

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insights and accelerate drug research.
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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Monoamine transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Amine transporter. Terminates the action of dopamine by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.
Gene Name
SLC6A3
Uniprot ID
Q01959
Uniprot Name
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter
Molecular Weight
68494.255 Da
References
  1. Baladi MG, Forster MJ, Gatch MB, Mailman RB, Hyman DL, Carter LP, Janowsky A: Characterization of the Neurochemical and Behavioral Effects of Solriamfetol (JZP-110), a Selective Dopamine and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2018 Aug;366(2):367-376. doi: 10.1124/jpet.118.248120. Epub 2018 Jun 11. [Article]
  2. Solriamfetol FDA Label [File]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Norepinephrine:sodium symporter activity
Specific Function
Amine transporter. Terminates the action of noradrenaline by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.
Gene Name
SLC6A2
Uniprot ID
P23975
Uniprot Name
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter
Molecular Weight
69331.42 Da
References
  1. Baladi MG, Forster MJ, Gatch MB, Mailman RB, Hyman DL, Carter LP, Janowsky A: Characterization of the Neurochemical and Behavioral Effects of Solriamfetol (JZP-110), a Selective Dopamine and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2018 Aug;366(2):367-376. doi: 10.1124/jpet.118.248120. Epub 2018 Jun 11. [Article]
  2. Solriamfetol FDA Label [File]

Transporters

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates tubular uptake of organic compounds from circulation. Mediates the influx of agmatine, dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin, choline, famotidine, ranitidine, histamin, creat...
Gene Name
SLC22A2
Uniprot ID
O15244
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier family 22 member 2
Molecular Weight
62579.99 Da
References
  1. Solriamfetol FDA Label [File]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Symporter activity
Specific Function
Sodium-ion dependent, low affinity carnitine transporter. Probably transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cations such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) without...
Gene Name
SLC22A4
Uniprot ID
Q9H015
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier family 22 member 4
Molecular Weight
62154.48 Da
References
  1. Solriamfetol FDA Label [File]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Symporter activity
Specific Function
Sodium-ion dependent, high affinity carnitine transporter. Involved in the active cellular uptake of carnitine. Transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cat...
Gene Name
SLC22A5
Uniprot ID
O76082
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier family 22 member 5
Molecular Weight
62751.08 Da
References
  1. Solriamfetol FDA Label [File]

Drug created at March 29, 2019 21:28 / Updated at August 31, 2022 19:25