Aluminum chlorohydrate

Identification

Summary

Aluminum chlorohydrate is a compound used as an antiperspirant.

Generic Name
Aluminum chlorohydrate
DrugBank Accession Number
DB11573
Background

Aluminum chlorohydrate is a group of water-soluble aluminum complexes with the general formula AlnCl(3n-m)(OH)m. It is included up to 25% in over-the-counter hygiene products as an active antiperspirant agent. The primary site of action of aluminum chlorohydrate is at the level of the stratum corneum layer, which is relatively near the skin surface 1. It is also used as a coagulant in the water purification process.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 192.46
Monoisotopic: 191.9561926
Chemical Formula
Al2ClH7O6
Synonyms
  • Alchlordrate
  • Aluminium chlorohydrate
  • Aluminum chlorhydrate
  • Aluminum chlorohydrate
  • Aluminum chlorohydrate dihydrate
  • Aluminum hydroxychloride
External IDs
  • DA-1097

Pharmacology

Indication

Indicated for use as an antiperspirant.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Used in combination to preventBullae of the feetCombination Product in combination with: Triclosan (DB08604)••• •••••••••••••••
Used in combination to treatExcessive sweating and body odorCombination Product in combination with: Triclosan (DB08604)••• •••••••••••• •••• •• ••••••••••••••
Used in combination to manageHyperhidrosisCombination Product in combination with: Triclosan (DB08604)••• •••••••••••• •••• •• ••••••••••••••
Prevention ofPerspiration••• •••
Used in combination to treatSecondary skin infectionCombination Product in combination with: Triclosan (DB08604)••• ••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Aluminum chlorohydrate serves to reduce excessive sweating by directly blocking the sweat ducts 4.

Mechanism of action

Aluminum salts plug eccrine sweat pores and forms aggregates with swear proteins that bind to the wall of the sweat duct and form a tenuous membrane 4.

Absorption

Penetration of aluminum chlorohydrate following dermal application is minimal, with the rate being around 0.01% and up to 0.06% in pre-damaged skin 3. In a preliminary study, dermally applied aluminium chlorohydrate displayed 0.012% of the applied aluminium being absorbed through the skin, which accounts for 4 mcg of aluminum following a single dermal application 2. This is about 2.5% of the aluminium typically absorbed by the gut from food over the same time period 2.

Volume of distribution

No pharmacokinetic information available.

Protein binding

No pharmacokinetic information available.

Metabolism

No pharmacokinetic information available.

Route of elimination

No pharmacokinetic information available.

Half-life

No pharmacokinetic information available.

Clearance

No pharmacokinetic information available.

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Dermal and oral LD50 in rat is > 2000 mg/kg MSDS.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
Chenodeoxycholic acidAluminum chlorohydrate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Chenodeoxycholic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Cholic AcidAluminum chlorohydrate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Cholic Acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Dehydrocholic acidAluminum chlorohydrate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Dehydrocholic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Deoxycholic acidAluminum chlorohydrate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Deoxycholic acid resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
DolutegravirThe serum concentration of Dolutegravir can be decreased when it is combined with Aluminum chlorohydrate.
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Active Moieties
NameKindUNIICASInChI Key
Aluminum cationionic3XHB1D032B22537-23-1REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Over the Counter Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
2.25OZ EverDry Ultra Dry AntiperspirantStick20 g/100gTopicalAmerican Consumer Products Corp2019-09-17Not applicableUS flag
2.5OZ EverDry Antiperspirant InvisibleStick20 g/100gTopicalAmerican Consumer Products Corp2019-09-17Not applicableUS flag
5 DayLiquid0.25 g/1TopicalNumark Brands, Inc1937-04-10Not applicableUS flag
Above Dermaclinical Men 72 hoursCream12 mg/100gTopicalBaston Industria de Aerossóis Ltda2022-11-14Not applicableUS flag
Above Elements Antibac ShinysilverCream12 mg/100gTopicalBaston Industria de Aerossóis Ltda2022-11-14Not applicableUS flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Akileine Vaporisateur AntitranspirantAluminum chlorohydrate (50 mg / mL) + Ethanol (600 mg / mL)SprayTopicalLaboratoire Larima ltÉe1985-12-312007-07-31Canada flag
Anti-perspirant Roll-ON DeodAluminum chlorohydrate (20 %) + Aluminum chloride (2 %)LiquidTopicalEstee Lauder Dist1987-12-312002-07-31Canada flag
Arrid CreamAluminum chlorohydrate (21.2 %) + Aluminum chloride (1 %)CreamTopicalCarter Products, Division Of Carter Wallace Ns Inc.1939-12-311999-09-27Canada flag
Ban Ultra Antiperspirant Roll-ONAluminum chlorohydrate (12 %) + Aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrex gly (12 %)LiquidTopicalJergens Canada Inc.1999-12-302002-07-15Canada flag
KURSEPT %19 + %1 KREM (30 G)Aluminum chlorohydrate (19 %) + Triclosan (1 %)CreamTopicalORVA İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.1993-12-16Not applicableTurkey flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Medif White ToothAluminum chlorohydrate (0.65 g/130g) + Allantoin (0.65 g/130g) + Silicic acid (16.90 g/130g)Paste, dentifriceOralMedif Co.,Ltd2020-10-01Not applicableUS flag

Categories

ATC Codes
D09AA08 — Aluminium chlorohydrateM05BX02 — Aluminium chlorohydrate
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as post-transition metal hydroxides. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest oxoanion is hydroxide, and in which the heaviest atom not in an oxoanion is a post-transition metal.
Kingdom
Inorganic compounds
Super Class
Mixed metal/non-metal compounds
Class
Post-transition metal oxoanionic compounds
Sub Class
Post-transition metal hydroxides
Direct Parent
Post-transition metal hydroxides
Alternative Parents
Post-transition metal salts / Inorganic oxides / Inorganic hydrides / Inorganic chloride salts
Substituents
Inorganic chloride salt / Inorganic hydride / Inorganic oxide / Inorganic post-transition metal salt / Inorganic salt / Post-transition metal hydroxide
Molecular Framework
Not Available
External Descriptors
Not Available
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
HPN8MZW13M
CAS number
12359-72-7
InChI Key
ZLVPDILYQLCEJO-UHFFFAOYSA-H
InChI
InChI=1S/2Al.ClH.6H2O/h;;1H;6*1H2/q2*+3;;;;;;;/p-6
IUPAC Name
dialuminium(3+) ion hydrate chloride pentahydroxide
SMILES
O.[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Cl-]

References

General References
  1. Quatrale RP, Coble DW, Stoner KL, Felger CB: The mechanism of antiperspirant action by aluminum salts. II. Histological observations of human eccrine sweat glands inhibited by aluminum chlorohydrate Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists. 1981 Jan 1;32(3):107-136. [Article]
  2. Flarend R, Bin T, Elmore D, Hem SL: A preliminary study of the dermal absorption of aluminium from antiperspirants using aluminium-26. Food Chem Toxicol. 2001 Feb;39(2):163-8. [Article]
  3. Klotz K, Weistenhofer W, Neff F, Hartwig A, van Thriel C, Drexler H: The Health Effects of Aluminum Exposure. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2017 Sep 29;114(39):653-659. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0653. [Article]
  4. Bretagne A, Cotot F, Arnaud-Roux M, Sztucki M, Cabane B, Galey JB: The mechanism of eccrine sweat pore plugging by aluminium salts using microfluidics combined with small angle X-ray scattering. Soft Matter. 2017 May 24;13(20):3812-3821. doi: 10.1039/c6sm02510b. [Article]
  5. DailyMed: Amerfresh Roll-on Antiperspirant [Link]
PubChem Compound
71586946
PubChem Substance
347827987
ChemSpider
32699791
RxNav
17610
Wikipedia
Aluminium_chlorohydrate
MSDS
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Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
LiquidTopical0.25 g/1
CreamTopical12 mg/100g
CreamTopical50 mg/100g
SprayTopical
LiquidTopical10 mg/1mL
SolutionTopical18 %
LotionTopical17.5 %
SolutionTopical10 mg/100mL
SprayTopical13 mg/100mL
SprayTopical13 g/100mL
SprayTopical130 mg/1mL
StickTopical52 mg/1g
StickTopical11.4 1/57g
Aerosol, sprayTopical16 g/100g
Aerosol, sprayTopical100 g/100g
StickTopical23 g/100g
LiquidTopical15 mL/100mL
LotionTopical250 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical12.3 g/100mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical23 g/100g
LiquidTopical22 %
SwabTopical15 g/100g
LiquidTopical182 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical10 g/100mL
CreamTopical150 mg/75g
AerosolTopical18 %
AerosolTopical12.5 %
LotionTopical20 %
StickTopical30 %
Aerosol, sprayTopical24.6 g/1g
Aerosol, sprayTopical0.246 g/1g
StickTopical0.19 g/1g
Aerosol, sprayTopical246 mg/1g
Aerosol, sprayTopical250 mg/1g
LiquidTopical16 1/100mL
LotionTopical25 g/100g
LotionTopical16 g/100g
LiquidTopical100 mg/1mL
LotionTopical25 %
StickTopical25 %
Aerosol, sprayTopical23.3 g/100g
LiquidTopical18 g/100mL
LiquidTopical20 g/103mL
SprayTopical3.78 g/200g
LiquidTopical250 mg/1mL
SprayTopical15 %
AerosolTopical9.2 %
AerosolTopical20.9 g/100g
AerosolTopical8.8 g/100g
SprayTopical25 g/100mL
SprayTopical25 g/100g
GelTopical7.8 mL/100mL
StickTopical7.8 g/100g
LiquidTopical140 mg/1mL
StickTopical18 %
StickTopical18 g/100g
LiquidTopical70 mL/100mL
GelTopical207 mg/1mL
SprayTopical12 g/125g
LiquidTopical25 mL/100mL
SprayTopical7.90 mL/100mL
GelTopical150 mg/1mL
GelTopical45 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical45 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical79 mg/1mL
LotionTopical45 mg/1mL
LotionTopical78 mg/1mL
SolutionTopical78 mg/100mL
StickTopical9.2 g/64g
StickCutaneous14.4 1/1
AerosolTopical8.8 %
AerosolTopical10 %
SprayTopical10.95 %
Aerosol, sprayTopical19.1 g/100g
Aerosol, sprayTopical8.8 g/100g
CreamTopical12.5 g / 100 g
SuspensionTopical15 g / 100 g
SprayTopical3 g/100mL
LiquidTopical15.5 %
StickTopical15 %
LotionTopical155 mg/1mL
Aerosol, sprayIntradermal; Topical0.24 g/1g
AerosolTopical9.9 %
AerosolTopical13.4 %
StickTopical19.6 g/100g
Aerosol, sprayTopical20.2 g/100g
LiquidTopical17.5 %
LiquidTopical144 mg/1mL
CreamTopical200 mg/1g
GelTopical20 g/100g
LiquidTopical0.045 g/1mL
SprayTopical0.045 g/1mL
SprayTopical30 g/150mL
SprayTopical78 mg/1mL
StickTopical20 %
LotionTopical160 mg/1mL
GelTopical7.25 mL/50mL
GelTopical13.5 g/60mL
EmulsionTopical150 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical15 g/100g
LiquidTopical0.25 g/1mL
SprayTopical0.13 g/1g
LiquidTopical0.1 g/1g
StickTopical0.16 g/1g
ClothTopical0.2 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical100 g/100mL
LotionTopical11 g/50g
LiquidTopical78 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical0.18 g/1mL
GelTopical145 mg/1mL
StickTopical1 g/100g
LiquidTopical200 mg/1mL
LotionTopical12.3 g/100g
LiquidTopical160 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical22.5 %
StickTopical15 g/75g
LotionTopical120 mg/1mL
StickTopical200 mg/1g
CreamTopical128 mg/1mL
ClothTopical0.15 g/1g
KitTopical140 mg/1mL
CreamTopical100 mg/1mL
CreamTopical63 mg/1mL
CreamTopical120 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical
LiquidTopical15 mg/100mL
CreamTopical140 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical150 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical10 mg/100mL
LiquidTopical10 mL/100mL
CreamTopical80 mg/1mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical0.24 g/1mL
SprayCutaneous3 mL/100mL
CreamTopical20 %
Paste, dentifriceOral
LiquidTopical4.5 g/100mL
AerosolTopical0.25 g/1mL
CreamTopical
CreamTopical20.06 %
StickTopical0.23 g/1g
LotionTopical22.5 %
LotionTopical
LotionTopical100 mg/ml
LiquidTopical12.5 g/100mL
LiquidTopical180 mg/1mL
StickTopical15 g/100g
SolutionTopical15 g/100g
LiquidTopical15 g/100mL
LiquidTopical20 g/100mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical25 g/100g
Aerosol, sprayTopical0.23 g/1g
SprayTopical24.1 g/100g
LiquidTopical14 g/100mL
GelTopical5.67 g/56.7g
PatchCutaneous1.2 mg/12mg
GelTopical
SprayTopical20.2 g/100g
SprayTopical9.05 g/45g
LiquidTopical16 %
EmulsionTopical200 mg/1g
AerosolTopical9.5 % / g
Aerosol, sprayTopical20 g/100g
AerosolTopical8.2 % w/w
SolutionTopical0.1 mg/1mL
SolutionTopical10 g/100mL
SolutionTopical14 mg/100mL
SolutionTopical14 g/100mL
LiquidTopical20 %
CreamTopical200 mg/1mL
SolutionTopical200 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical18 %
StickTopical18 g / 100 g
Aerosol, sprayTopical0.24 g/1g
SolutionTopical36 mL/65mL
AerosolTopical12 %
Aerosol, sprayTopical23.5 g/100g
Aerosol, sprayTopical24.1 g/100g
Aerosol, sprayTopical24.5 g/100g
LotionTopical176 mg / mL
CreamTopical160 mg/1g
AerosolTopical8.2 %
AerosolTopical9.5 %
AerosolTopical250 mg/1g
AerosolTopical200 mg/1g
Aerosol, sprayTopical200 mg/1g
CreamTopical11.4 g/57g
CreamTopical28 g/100g
EmulsionTopical280 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical0.1128 g/1mL
StickTopical25 g/100g
StickTopical50 mL/50mL
LiquidTopical25 g/100mL
StickTopical25 g/100mL
LiquidTopical50 g/100mL
LiquidTopical25 g/50mL
StickTopical15 g / 100 g
StickTopical17.6 g/100g
StickTopical20 g/100g
LiquidTopical22 g/100mL
StickTopical22 g/100mL
LiquidTopical22 mL/100mL
AerosolTopical12 g/100g
AerosolTopical10 g/100g
AerosolTopical
CreamTopical19 %
StickTopical0.22 g/1g
StickTopical220 mg/1g
StickTopical11.4 g/57g
LiquidTopical190 mg/1mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical0.194 g/1g
StickTopical290.25 mg/1mL
SprayTopical15 g/100mL
StickTopical12.3 g/12.3mL
CreamTopical11 g/57g
CreamTopical20 g/100g
LiquidTopical20 g/100g
LiquidTopical20 mg/100mL
LiquidTopical10 g/100g
LiquidTopical8 g/100g
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Liquid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
water solubilitySolubleMSDS
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility451.0 mg/mLALOGPS
logP-0.32ALOGPS
logP-0.65Chemaxon
logS0.67ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)15.7Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.8Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area25.3 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count0Chemaxon
Refractivity3.7 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability1.51 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings0Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleYesChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-0002-1900000000-a40ef233daf073dd2073
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available

Drug created at April 06, 2016 22:31 / Updated at March 28, 2024 03:23