Pectin

Identification

Brand Names
Luden's Drops, Sucrets
Generic Name
Pectin
DrugBank Accession Number
DB11158
Background

Pectin is a heteropolysaccharide commercially derived from the cell wall of higher plants.2 It is composed of partially methylated polygalacturonic acid units linked in the positions 1-4.7 The carboxylic group of the constituents of pectin can exist in the form of esters, free acids, ammonium, potassium or sodium salts or as acid amides. Under the FDA regulation, pectin qualifies as a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) food substance. This status allows pectin to be used with no limitations.6

Type
Biotech
Groups
Approved, Investigational, Vet approved
Synonyms
  • Pectin
External IDs
  • E-440

Pharmacology

Indication

Pectin is used in food as a gelling agent and stabilizer. As a medical drug, it has obtained a great interest in its potential use as a source of dietary fiber, lipid, cholesterol, serum glucose and insulin level lowering effect, gastric emptying delay.2 Some recent studies have researched the possibility of using pectin for the formation of nanoparticles as a delivery vehicle of drugs.3

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Used in combination to treatBacterial diarrhoeaCombination Product in combination with: Furazolidone (DB00614), Kaolin (DB01575)••••••••••••••••••••••
Used in combination to treatDiarrhea caused by salmonellaCombination Product in combination with: Kaolin (DB01575), Furazolidone (DB00614)••••••••••••••••••••••
Used in combination to treatDiarrhea caused by shigellaCombination Product in combination with: Furazolidone (DB00614), Kaolin (DB01575)••••••••••••••••••••••
Used in combination to treatDiarrhea caused by staphylococcusCombination Product in combination with: Furazolidone (DB00614), Kaolin (DB01575)••••••••••••••••••••••
Used in combination to treatEscherichia coli diarrheaCombination Product in combination with: Furazolidone (DB00614), Kaolin (DB01575)••••••••••••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Pectin increases viscosity and volume of stools which helps it to be used for constipation and diarrhea.5 It is reported as well to present lowering effects of different body components. This effect depends on the type of pectin which indicated that this effect is related to the composition of the correspondent pectin. Nonetheless, this data is still unclear and more studies need to be performed to conclude this effect of pectin.4

Mechanism of action

Pectin is an adsorbent that binds to bacteria, toxins and other irritants in the intestinal mucosa. Pectin is able to decrease the pH in the intestinal lumen and provides a soothing effect on the irritated mucosa.5

Absorption

Pectin is not absorbed and it is not distributed in the body.5

Volume of distribution

Pharmacokinetic studies have not been performed as pectin is not absorbed.

Protein binding

Pharmacokinetic studies have not been performed as pectin is not absorbed.

Metabolism

Pectin is depolymerized and de-esterified to a very small extent. It passes to the small intestine as a macromolecule and the majority of the pectin is eliminated unchanged.8

Route of elimination

Pectin is completely excreted in the feces, including a small amount of trigalacturonic acid that can be found in the colon.5

Half-life

Pharmacokinetic studies have not been performed as pectin is not absorbed.

Clearance

Pharmacokinetic studies have not been performed as pectin is not absorbed.

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Pectin is a substance determined to be safe.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Over the Counter Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Berry Breezer Throat DropLozenge7 mg/1OralTopco Associates2013-03-22Not applicableUS flag
Berry Breezer Throat DropsLozenge7 mg/1OralCVS Health2015-05-18Not applicableUS flag
Berry Breezer Throat DropsLozenge7 mg/1OralDollar General Corporation2016-03-22Not applicableUS flag
Berry Breezer Throat Relief DropLozenge7 mg/1OralFamily Dollar2018-01-25Not applicableUS flag
Berry Soother Throat DropsLozenge7 mg/1OralMeijer Distribution2018-07-13Not applicableUS flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
AXCEL KAOPEC SUSPENSIONPectin (20 mg/5ml) + Kaolin (1 g/5ml)SuspensionOralKOTRA PHARMA (M) SDN. BHD.2020-09-08Not applicableMalaysia flag
AXCEL KAOPEC SUSPENSIONPectin (5 mg/5ml) + Kaolin (1 g/5ml)SuspensionOralKOTRA PHARMA MARKETING1991-08-19Not applicableSingapore flag
BEAKOPECTIN SUSPENSIONPectin (130 mg/30ml) + Kaolin (6000 mg/30ml)SuspensionOralBEACONS PHARMACEUTICALS PTE. LTD.1991-05-23Not applicableSingapore flag
Benylin DM With Pectin Freezer PopsPectin (150 mg / unit) + Dextromethorphan hydrobromide (7.5 mg / unit)LiquidOralMcneil Consumer Healthcare Division Of Johnson & Johnson IncNot applicableNot applicableCanada flag
Cepacol Sore Throat and CoatingPectin (5 mg/1) + Benzocaine (15 mg/1)LozengeOralReckitt Benckiser2011-08-042014-03-01US flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Herbon Banana Man GoodypopsPectin (10 mg/1) + Echinacea purpurea (50 mg/1)LozengeOralPurity Life Division of SunOpta2009-09-302010-12-31US flag
Herbon Berry BuddiesPectin (10 mg/1) + Echinacea purpurea (50 mg/1)LozengeOralPurity Life Division of SunOpta2009-09-302010-12-31US flag
Herbon Rockhopper Orange GoodypopPectin (10 mg/1) + Echinacea purpurea (6.82 mg/1)LozengeOralPurity Life Division of SunOpta2009-09-302010-12-31US flag
Herbon Rockhopper Strawberry GoodypopPectin (10 mg/1) + Echinacea purpurea (6.82 mg/1)LozengeOralPurity Life Division of SunOpta2009-09-302010-12-31US flag

Categories

ATC Codes
A07BC01 — Pectin
Drug Categories
Classification
Not classified
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
89NA02M4RX
CAS number
9000-69-5

References

General References
  1. Thakur BR, Singh RK, Handa AK: Chemistry and uses of pectin--a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 1997 Feb;37(1):47-73. [Article]
  2. Wikiera A, Irla M, Mika M: [Health-promoting properties of pectin]. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2014 Jan 2;68:590-6. doi: 10.5604/17322693.1102342. [Article]
  3. Verma AK, Kumar A: Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of negatively charged pectin nanoparticles encapsulating paclitaxel. Cancer Nanotechnol. 2013;4(4-5):99-102. doi: 10.1007/s12645-013-0041-8. Epub 2013 Jun 12. [Article]
  4. Brouns F, Theuwissen E, Adam A, Bell M, Berger A, Mensink RP: Cholesterol-lowering properties of different pectin types in mildly hyper-cholesterolemic men and women. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012 May;66(5):591-9. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.208. Epub 2011 Dec 21. [Article]
  5. Kluwer W. (2008). Clinical pharmacology made incredibly easy (3rd ed.). Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
  6. FDA regulations [Link]
  7. Dissolutiontech [Link]
  8. ScienceDirect [Link]
PubChem Substance
347911137
RxNav
32987
Wikipedia
Pectin
MSDS
Download (47.3 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedTreatmentBismuth / Gastric Cancer / Helicobacter Pylori Infection2
4CompletedTreatmentGastroesophageal Reflux1
4CompletedTreatmentHelicobacter Pylori Infection2
4Not Yet RecruitingTreatmentEradication Therapy of Helicobacter Pylori1
4Not Yet RecruitingTreatmentHelicobacter Pylori Infection2

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
Tablet
SuspensionOral
Suspension
SuspensionOral1 g/5ml
SuspensionOral6000 mg/30ml
LozengeOral7 mg/1
LozengeOral10.5 mg/1
LozengeOral12 mg/1
CapsuleOral
LozengeOral
LiquidOral
LozengeOral5.4 mg/1
LozengeOral11.5 mg/7g
LozengeOral2.8 mg/1
TabletOral
PasteOral; Topical
SolutionOral
LozengeOral2 mg/1
LozengeOral1.7 mg/1
LozengeOral0.1 g/100g
LozengeOral3.8 mg/1
LozengeOral5 mg/4.2g
LozengeOral10 mg/1
LozengeOral11.5 mg/1
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Liquid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)6.1ºC'MSDS'
boiling point (°C)415.5ºC at 760 mmHg'MSDS'
water solubilityPartially soluble in cold water'MSDS'

Drug created at December 03, 2015 16:51 / Updated at July 13, 2021 09:51