Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial

Details

Name
Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial
Synonyms
  • 3.5.1.2
  • GLS
  • GLS1
  • K-glutaminase
  • KIAA0838
  • L-glutamine amidohydrolase
Gene Name
GLS
Organism
Humans
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0001646|Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial
MMRLRGSGMLRDLLLRSPAGVSATLRRAQPLVTLCRRPRGGGRPAAGPAAAARLHPWWGG
GGWPAEPLARGLSSSPSEILQELGKGSTHPQPGVSPPAAPAAPGPKDGPGETDAFGNSEG
KELVASGENKIKQGLLPSLEDLLFYTIAEGQEKIPVHKFITALKSTGLRTSDPRLKECMD
MLRLTLQTTSDGVMLDKDLFKKCVQSNIVLLTQAFRRKFVIPDFMSFTSHIDELYESAKK
QSGGKVADYIPQLAKFSPDLWGVSVCTVDGQRHSTGDTKVPFCLQSCVKPLKYAIAVNDL
GTEYVHRYVGKEPSGLRFNKLFLNEDDKPHNPMVNAGAIVVTSLIKQGVNNAEKFDYVMQ
FLNKMAGNEYVGFSNATFQSERESGDRNFAIGYYLKEKKCFPEGTDMVGILDFYFQLCSI
EVTCESASVMAATLANGGFCPITGERVLSPEAVRNTLSLMHSCGMYDFSGQFAFHVGLPA
KSGVAGGILLVVPNVMGMMCWSPPLDKMGNSVKGIHFCHDLVSLCNFHNYDNLRHFAKKL
DPRREGGDQRVKSVINLLFAAYTGDVSALRRFALSAMDMEQRDYDSRTALHVAAAEGHVE
VVKFLLEACKVNPFPKDRWNNTPMDEALHFGHHDVFKILQEYQVQYTPQGDSDNGKENQT
VHKNLDGLL
Number of residues
669
Molecular Weight
73460.56
Theoretical pI
7.82
GO Classification
Functions
glutaminase activity
Processes
cellular amino acid biosynthetic process / cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process / gene expression / glutamate biosynthetic process / glutamate secretion / glutamine catabolic process / neurotransmitter secretion / protein homotetramerization / regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by neurological system process / small molecule metabolic process / suckling behavior / synaptic transmission / transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter
Components
cytosol / mitochondrial matrix / mitochondrion
General Function
Glutaminase activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes the first reaction in the primary pathway for the renal catabolism of glutamine. Plays a role in maintaining acid-base homeostasis. Regulates the levels of the neurotransmitter glutamate in the brain. Isoform 2 lacks catalytic activity.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Cytoplasm
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0019018|Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial (GLS)
ATGATGCGGCTGCGAGGCTCGGGGATGCTGCGGGACCTGCTCCTGCGGTCGCCCGCCGGC
GTGAGCGCGACTCTGCGGCGGGCACAGCCCTTGGTCACCCTGTGCCGGCGTCCCCGAGGC
GGGGGACGGCCGGCCGCGGGCCCGGCTGCCGCCGCGCGACTCCACCCGTGGTGGGGCGGG
GGCGGCTGGCCGGCGGAGCCCCTCGCGCGGGGCCTGTCCAGCTCTCCTTCGGAGATCTTG
CAGGAGCTGGGCAAGGGGAGCACGCATCCGCAGCCCGGGGTGTCGCCACCCGCTGCCCCG
GCGGCGCCCGGCCCCAAGGACGGCCCCGGGGAGACGGACGCGTTTGGCAACAGCGAGGGC
AAAGAGCTGGTGGCCTCAGGTGAAAATAAAATAAAACAGGGTCTGTTACCTAGCTTGGAA
GATTTGCTGTTCTATACAATTGCTGAAGGACAAGAGAAAATACCTGTTCATAAATTTATT
ACAGCACTCAAATCTACAGGATTGCGAACGTCTGATCCCAGGTTGAAAGAGTGTATGGAT
ATGTTAAGATTAACTCTTCAAACAACATCAGATGGTGTCATGCTAGACAAAGATCTTTTT
AAAAAATGTGTTCAGAGCAACATTGTTTTGTTGACACAAGCATTTAGAAGAAAGTTTGTG
ATTCCTGACTTTATGTCTTTTACCTCACACATTGATGAGTTATATGAAAGTGCTAAAAAG
CAGTCTGGAGGAAAGGTTGCAGATTATATTCCTCAACTGGCCAAATTCAGTCCCGATTTG
TGGGGTGTGTCTGTTTGTACAGTAGATGGACAGAGGCATTCTACTGGAGATACCAAAGTT
CCCTTCTGTCTTCAGTCCTGTGTAAAACCTTTGAAATATGCCATTGCTGTTAATGATCTT
GGAACTGAATATGTGCATCGATATGTTGGAAAAGAGCCGAGTGGACTAAGATTCAACAAA
CTATTTTTGAATGAAGATGATAAACCACATAATCCTATGGTAAATGCTGGAGCAATTGTT
GTGACTTCACTAATAAAGCAAGGAGTAAATAATGCTGAAAAATTTGACTATGTCATGCAG
TTTTTGAATAAGATGGCTGGTAATGAATATGTTGGATTCAGTAATGCAACGTTTCAGTCT
GAAAGAGAAAGTGGAGATCGAAATTTTGCAATAGGATATTACTTAAAAGAAAAGAAGTGT
TTTCCAGAAGGCACAGACATGGTTGGTATATTAGACTTCTACTTCCAGCTGTGCTCCATT
GAAGTGACTTGTGAATCAGCCAGTGTGATGGCTGCGACACTGGCTAATGGTGGTTTCTGC
CCAATTACTGGTGAAAGAGTACTGAGCCCTGAAGCAGTTCGAAATACATTGAGTTTGATG
CATTCCTGTGGCATGTATGACTTCTCAGGGCAGTTTGCTTTCCATGTTGGTCTTCCTGCA
AAATCTGGAGTTGCTGGGGGCATTCTTTTAGTTGTCCCCAATGTTATGGGTATGATGTGC
TGGTCTCCTCCTCTGGATAAGATGGGCAACAGTGTTAAGGGAATTCACTTTTGTCACGAT
CTTGTTTCTCTGTGTAATTTCCATAACTATGATAATTTGAGACACTTTGCAAAAAAACTT
GATCCTCGAAGAGAAGGTGGTGATCAAAGGCATTCCTTTGGACCATTGGACTATGAAAGT
CTCCAACAAGAACTTGCTTTAAAAGAGACAGTATGGAAAAAAGTGTCACCTGAGTCAAAT
GAGGACATCTCTACAACTGTAGTATATAGAATGGAAAGTCTGGGAGAGAAAAGCTAA
Chromosome Location
2
Locus
2q32-q34
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDO94925
UniProtKB Entry NameGLSK_HUMAN
GenBank Protein ID5690372
GenBank Gene IDAF158555
GenAtlas IDGLS
HGNC IDHGNC:4331
General References
  1. Elgadi KM, Meguid RA, Qian M, Souba WW, Abcouwer SF: Cloning and analysis of unique human glutaminase isoforms generated by tissue-specific alternative splicing. Physiol Genomics. 1999 Aug 31;1(2):51-62. [Article]
  2. Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Suyama M, Kikuno R, Hirosawa M, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. DNA Res. 1998 Dec 31;5(6):355-64. [Article]
  3. Holcomb T, Taylor L, Trohkimoinen J, Curthoys NP: Isolation, characterization and expression of a human brain mitochondrial glutaminase cDNA. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2000 Mar 10;76(1):56-63. [Article]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [Article]
  5. Hillman RT, Green RE, Brenner SE: An unappreciated role for RNA surveillance. Genome Biol. 2004;5(2):R8. Epub 2004 Feb 2. [Article]
  6. Buschdorf JP, Li Chew L, Zhang B, Cao Q, Liang FY, Liou YC, Zhou YT, Low BC: Brain-specific BNIP-2-homology protein Caytaxin relocalises glutaminase to neurite terminals and reduces glutamate levels. J Cell Sci. 2006 Aug 15;119(Pt 16):3337-50. [Article]
  7. Szeliga M, Matyja E, Obara M, Grajkowska W, Czernicki T, Albrecht J: Relative expression of mRNAS coding for glutaminase isoforms in CNS tissues and CNS tumors. Neurochem Res. 2008 May;33(5):808-13. Epub 2007 Oct 17. [Article]
  8. Jia W, Lu Z, Fu Y, Wang HP, Wang LH, Chi H, Yuan ZF, Zheng ZB, Song LN, Han HH, Liang YM, Wang JL, Cai Y, Zhang YK, Deng YL, Ying WT, He SM, Qian XH: A strategy for precise and large scale identification of core fucosylated glycoproteins. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2009 May;8(5):913-23. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M800504-MCP200. Epub 2009 Jan 12. [Article]
  9. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1175371. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [Article]
  10. Burkard TR, Planyavsky M, Kaupe I, Breitwieser FP, Burckstummer T, Bennett KL, Superti-Furga G, Colinge J: Initial characterization of the human central proteome. BMC Syst Biol. 2011 Jan 26;5:17. doi: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17. [Article]
  11. Cassago A, Ferreira AP, Ferreira IM, Fornezari C, Gomes ER, Greene KS, Pereira HM, Garratt RC, Dias SM, Ambrosio AL: Mitochondrial localization and structure-based phosphate activation mechanism of Glutaminase C with implications for cancer metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jan 24;109(4):1092-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1112495109. Epub 2012 Jan 6. [Article]
  12. Bian Y, Song C, Cheng K, Dong M, Wang F, Huang J, Sun D, Wang L, Ye M, Zou H: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. J Proteomics. 2014 Jan 16;96:253-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014. Epub 2013 Nov 22. [Article]
  13. Vaca Jacome AS, Rabilloud T, Schaeffer-Reiss C, Rompais M, Ayoub D, Lane L, Bairoch A, Van Dorsselaer A, Carapito C: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome. Proteomics. 2015 Jul;15(14):2519-24. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201400617. Epub 2015 Jun 8. [Article]
  14. DeLaBarre B, Gross S, Fang C, Gao Y, Jha A, Jiang F, Song J J, Wei W, Hurov JB: Full-length human glutaminase in complex with an allosteric inhibitor. Biochemistry. 2011 Dec 20;50(50):10764-70. doi: 10.1021/bi201613d. Epub 2011 Nov 18. [Article]

Drug Relations

Drug Relations
DrugBank IDNameDrug groupPharmacological action?ActionsDetails
DB00142Glutamic acidapproved, nutraceuticalunknownDetails
DB00130L-Glutamineapproved, investigational, nutraceuticalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB13155EsculinapprovedunknownsubstrateDetails