Apolipoprotein A-I

Details

Name
Apolipoprotein A-I
Synonyms
  • Apo-AI
  • Apolipoprotein A1
Gene Name
APOA1
Organism
Humans
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0017103|Apolipoprotein A-I
MKAAVLTLAVLFLTGSQARHFWQQDEPPQSPWDRVKDLATVYVDVLKDSGRDYVSQFEGS
ALGKQLNLKLLDNWDSVTSTFSKLREQLGPVTQEFWDNLEKETEGLRQEMSKDLEEVKAK
VQPYLDDFQKKWQEEMELYRQKVEPLRAELQEGARQKLHELQEKLSPLGEEMRDRARAHV
DALRTHLAPYSDELRQRLAARLEALKENGGARLAEYHAKATEHLSTLSEKAKPALEDLRQ
GLLPVLESFKVSFLSALEEYTKKLNTQ
Number of residues
267
Molecular Weight
30777.58
Theoretical pI
5.5
GO Classification
Functions
apolipoprotein A-I receptor binding / apolipoprotein receptor binding / beta-amyloid binding / chemorepellent activity / cholesterol binding / cholesterol transporter activity / enzyme binding / high-density lipoprotein particle binding / high-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding / identical protein binding / lipase inhibitor activity / phosphatidylcholine binding / phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activator activity / phospholipid binding / phospholipid transporter activity
Processes
adrenal gland development / blood coagulation / blood vessel endothelial cell migration / cellular lipid metabolic process / cellular protein metabolic process / cholesterol biosynthetic process / cholesterol efflux / cholesterol homeostasis / cholesterol import / cholesterol metabolic process / cholesterol transport / endothelial cell proliferation / G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway / glucocorticoid metabolic process / high-density lipoprotein particle assembly / high-density lipoprotein particle clearance / high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling / integrin-mediated signaling pathway / lipid storage / lipoprotein biosynthetic process / lipoprotein metabolic process / negative chemotaxis / negative regulation of cell adhesion molecule production / negative regulation of cytokine secretion involved in immune response / negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion / negative regulation of inflammatory response / negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion / negative regulation of lipase activity / negative regulation of response to cytokine stimulus / negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway / negative regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling / neuron projection regeneration / organ regeneration / peptidyl-methionine modification / peripheral nervous system axon regeneration / phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process / phospholipid efflux / phospholipid homeostasis / phototransduction, visible light / platelet activation / platelet degranulation / positive regulation of cholesterol esterification / positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process / positive regulation of hydrolase activity / positive regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity / positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction / positive regulation of stress fiber assembly / positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading / positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process / protein oxidation / protein stabilization / receptor-mediated endocytosis / regulation of Cdc42 protein signal transduction / regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption / regulation of protein phosphorylation / response to drug / response to estrogen / response to nutrient / retinoid metabolic process / reverse cholesterol transport / small molecule metabolic process / transmembrane transport / triglyceride catabolic process / triglyceride homeostasis / very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling / vitamin transport
Components
blood microparticle / cell surface / chylomicron / cytoplasmic vesicle / cytosol / discoidal high-density lipoprotein particle / early endosome / endocytic vesicle / endocytic vesicle lumen / endoplasmic reticulum lumen / extracellular exosome / extracellular region / extracellular space / extracellular vesicle / high-density lipoprotein particle / nucleus / plasma membrane / secretory granule lumen / spherical high-density lipoprotein particle / very-low-density lipoprotein particle
General Function
Phospholipid transporter activity
Specific Function
Participates in the reverse transport of cholesterol from tissues to the liver for excretion by promoting cholesterol efflux from tissues and by acting as a cofactor for the lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). As part of the SPAP complex, activates spermatozoa motility.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Secreted
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0017104|Apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1)
ATGAAAGCTGCGGTGCTGACCTTGGCCGTGCTCTTCCTGACGGGGAGCCAGGCTCGGCAT
TTCTGGCAGCAAGATGAACCCCCCCAGAGCCCCTGGGATCGAGTGAAGGACCTGGCCACT
GTGTACGTGGATGTGCTCAAAGACAGCGGCAGAGACTATGTGTCCCAGTTTGAAGGCTCC
GCCTTGGGAAAACAGCTAAACCTAAAGCTCCTTGACAACTGGGACAGCGTGACCTCCACC
TTCAGCAAGCTGCGCGAACAGCTCGGCCCTGTGACCCAGGAGTTCTGGGATAACCTGGAA
AAGGAGACAGAGGGCCTGAGGCAGGAGATGAGCAAGGATCTGGAGGAGGTGAAGGCCAAG
GTGCAGCCCTACCTGGACGACTTCCAGAAGAAGTGGCAGGAGGAGATGGAGCTCTACCGC
CAGAAGGTGGAGCCGCTGCGCGCAGAGCTCCAAGAGGGCGCGCGCCAGAAGCTGCACGAG
CTGCAAGAGAAGCTGAGCCCACTGGGCGAGGAGATGCGCGACCGCGCGCGCGCCCATGTG
GACGCGCTGCGCACGCATCTGGCCCCCTACAGCGACGAGCTGCGCCAGCGCTTGGCCGCG
CGCCTTGAGGCTCTCAAGGAGAACGGCGGCGCCAGACTGGCCGAGTACCACGCCAAGGCC
ACCGAGCATCTGAGCACGCTCAGCGAGAAGGCCAAGCCCGCGCTCGAGGACCTCCGCCAA
GGCCTGCTGCCCGTGCTGGAGAGCTTCAAGGTCAGCTTCCTGAGCGCTCTCGAGGAGTAC
ACTAAGAAGCTCAACACCCAGTGA
Chromosome Location
11
Locus
Not Available
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDP02647
UniProtKB Entry NameAPOA1_HUMAN
GenBank Gene IDBC110286
GenAtlas IDAPOA1
HGNC IDHGNC:600
General References
  1. Shoulders CC, Kornblihtt AR, Munro BS, Baralle FE: Gene structure of human apolipoprotein A1. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 May 11;11(9):2827-37. [Article]
  2. Cheung P, Chan L: Nucleotide sequence of cloned cDNA of human apolipoprotein A-I. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Jun 11;11(11):3703-15. [Article]
  3. Karathanasis SK, Zannis VI, Breslow JL: Isolation and characterization of the human apolipoprotein A-I gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Oct;80(20):6147-51. [Article]
  4. Seilhamer JJ, Protter AA, Frossard P, Levy-Wilson B: Isolation and DNA sequence of full-length cDNA and of the entire gene for human apolipoprotein AI--discovery of a new genetic polymorphism in the apo AI gene. DNA. 1984 Aug;3(4):309-17. [Article]
  5. Sharpe CR, Sidoli A, Shelley CS, Lucero MA, Shoulders CC, Baralle FE: Human apolipoproteins AI, AII, CII and CIII. cDNA sequences and mRNA abundance. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 May 11;12(9):3917-32. [Article]
  6. Law SW, Brewer HB Jr: Nucleotide sequence and the encoded amino acids of human apolipoprotein A-I mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(1):66-70. [Article]
  7. Law SW, Brewer HB Jr: Tangier disease. The complete mRNA sequence encoding for preproapo-A-I. J Biol Chem. 1985 Oct 15;260(23):12810-4. [Article]
  8. Makrides SC, Ruiz-Opazo N, Hayden M, Nussbaum AL, Breslow JL, Zannis VI: Sequence and expression of Tangier apoA-I gene. Eur J Biochem. 1988 Apr 15;173(2):465-71. [Article]
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  14. Baker HN, Gotto AM Jr, Jackson RL: The primary structure of human plasma high density apolipoprotein glutamine I (ApoA-I). II. The amino acid sequence and alignment of cyanogen bromide fragments IV, III, and I. J Biol Chem. 1975 Apr 10;250(7):2725-38. [Article]
  15. Brewer HB Jr, Fairwell T, LaRue A, Ronan R, Houser A, Bronzert TJ: The amino acid sequence of human APOA-I, an apolipoprotein isolated from high density lipoproteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1978 Feb 14;80(3):623-30. [Article]
  16. Yui Y, Aoyama T, Morishita H, Takahashi M, Takatsu Y, Kawai C: Serum prostacyclin stabilizing factor is identical to apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I). A novel function of Apo A-I. J Clin Invest. 1988 Sep;82(3):803-7. [Article]
  17. Akerlof E, Jornvall H, Slotte H, Pousette A: Identification of apolipoprotein A1 and immunoglobulin as components of a serum complex that mediates activation of human sperm motility. Biochemistry. 1991 Sep 17;30(37):8986-90. [Article]
  18. Manjunath P, Marcel YL, Uma J, Seidah NG, Chretien M, Chapdelaine A: Apolipoprotein A-I binds to a family of bovine seminal plasma proteins. J Biol Chem. 1989 Oct 5;264(28):16853-7. [Article]
  19. Prioli RP, Ordovas JM, Rosenberg I, Schaefer EJ, Pereira ME: Similarity of cruzin, an inhibitor of Trypanosoma cruzi neuraminidase, to high-density lipoprotein. Science. 1987 Dec 4;238(4832):1417-9. [Article]
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  22. Ehnholm C, Bozas SE, Tenkanen H, Kirszbaum L, Metso J, Murphy B, Walker ID: The apolipoprotein A-I binding protein of placenta and the SP-40,40 protein of human blood are different proteins which both bind to apolipoprotein A-I. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991 Nov 27;1086(3):255-60. [Article]
  23. Breslow JL, Ross D, McPherson J, Williams H, Kurnit D, Nussbaum AL, Karathanasis SK, Zannis VI: Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones for human apolipoprotein A-I. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Nov;79(22):6861-5. [Article]
  24. Hoeg JM, Meng MS, Ronan R, Fairwell T, Brewer HB Jr: Human apolipoprotein A-I. Post-translational modification by fatty acid acylation. J Biol Chem. 1986 Mar 25;261(9):3911-4. [Article]
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  26. Calvo C, Ulloa N, Campos M, Verdugo C, Ayrault-Jarrier M: The preferential site of non-enzymatic glycation of human apolipoprotein A-I in vivo. Clin Chim Acta. 1993 Aug 31;217(2):193-8. [Article]
  27. Ritter M, Buechler C, Boettcher A, Barlage S, Schmitz-Madry A, Orso E, Bared SM, Schmiedeknecht G, Baehr CH, Fricker G, Schmitz G: Cloning and characterization of a novel apolipoprotein A-I binding protein, AI-BP, secreted by cells of the kidney proximal tubules in response to HDL or ApoA-I. Genomics. 2002 May;79(5):693-702. [Article]
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  35. Borhani DW, Rogers DP, Engler JA, Brouillette CG: Crystal structure of truncated human apolipoprotein A-I suggests a lipid-bound conformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Nov 11;94(23):12291-6. [Article]
  36. Nakata K, Kobayashi K, Yanagi H, Shimakura Y, Tsuchiya S, Arinami T, Hamaguchi H: Autosomal dominant hypoalphalipoproteinemia due to a completely defective apolipoprotein A-I gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Oct 29;196(2):950-5. [Article]
  37. Ng DS, Leiter LA, Vezina C, Connelly PW, Hegele RA: Apolipoprotein A-I Q[-2]X causing isolated apolipoprotein A-I deficiency in a family with analphalipoproteinemia. J Clin Invest. 1994 Jan;93(1):223-9. [Article]
  38. Weisgraber KH, Rall SC Jr, Bersot TP, Mahley RW, Franceschini G, Sirtori CR: Apolipoprotein A-IMilano. Detection of normal A-I in affected subjects and evidence for a cysteine for arginine substitution in the variant A-I. J Biol Chem. 1983 Feb 25;258(4):2508-13. [Article]
  39. Schmitz G, Assmann G, Rall SC Jr, Mahley RW: Tangier disease: defective recombination of a specific Tangier apolipoprotein A-I isoform (pro-apo A-i) with high density lipoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Oct;80(19):6081-5. [Article]
  40. Utermann G, Haas J, Steinmetz A, Paetzold R, Rall SC Jr, Weisgraber KH, Mahley RW: Apolipoprotein A-IGiessen (Pro143----Arg). A mutant that is defective in activating lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase. Eur J Biochem. 1984 Oct 15;144(2):325-31. [Article]
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  47. von Eckardstein A, Funke H, Henke A, Altland K, Benninghoven A, Assmann G: Apolipoprotein A-I variants. Naturally occurring substitutions of proline residues affect plasma concentration of apolipoprotein A-I. J Clin Invest. 1989 Dec;84(6):1722-30. [Article]
  48. von Eckardstein A, Funke H, Walter M, Altland K, Benninghoven A, Assmann G: Structural analysis of human apolipoprotein A-I variants. Amino acid substitutions are nonrandomly distributed throughout the apolipoprotein A-I primary structure. J Biol Chem. 1990 May 25;265(15):8610-7. [Article]
  49. Araki K, Sasaki J, Matsunaga A, Takada Y, Moriyama K, Hidaka K, Arakawa K: Characterization of two new human apolipoprotein A-I variants: apolipoprotein A-I Tsushima (Trp-108-->Arg) and A-I Hita (Ala-95-->Asp). Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Oct 6;1214(3):272-8. [Article]
  50. Vigushin DM, Gough J, Allan D, Alguacil A, Penner B, Pettigrew NM, Quinonez G, Bernstein K, Booth SE, Booth DR, et al.: Familial nephropathic systemic amyloidosis caused by apolipoprotein AI variant Arg26. Q J Med. 1994 Mar;87(3):149-54. [Article]
  51. Huang W, Sasaki J, Matsunaga A, Nanimatsu H, Moriyama K, Han H, Kugi M, Koga T, Yamaguchi K, Arakawa K: A novel homozygous missense mutation in the apo A-I gene with apo A-I deficiency. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998 Mar;18(3):389-96. [Article]
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  53. Su ZD, Sun L, Yu DX, Li RX, Li HX, Yu ZJ, Sheng QH, Lin X, Zeng R, Wu JR: Quantitative detection of single amino acid polymorphisms by targeted proteomics. J Mol Cell Biol. 2011 Oct;3(5):309-15. doi: 10.1093/jmcb/mjr024. [Article]
  54. Anthanont P, Asztalos BF, Polisecki E, Zachariah B, Schaefer EJ: Case report: A novel apolipoprotein A-I missense mutation apoA-I (Arg149Ser)Boston associated with decreased lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activation and cellular cholesterol efflux. J Clin Lipidol. 2015 May-Jun;9(3):390-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.02.005. Epub 2015 Mar 5. [Article]

Drug Relations

Drug Relations
DrugBank IDNameDrug groupPharmacological action?ActionsDetails
DB09130Copperapproved, investigationalunknownDetails
DB01593Zincapproved, investigationalunknownDetails
DB14487Zinc acetateapproved, investigationalunknownDetails
DB14533Zinc chlorideapproved, investigationalunknowninducerligandDetails
DB14548Zinc sulfate, unspecified formapproved, experimentalunknowninducerligandDetails
DB11886Infigratinibapproved, investigationalnobinderDetails
DB00877Sirolimusapproved, investigationalnobinderDetails