Solute carrier family 22 member 12

Details

Name

Solute carrier family 22 member 12

Synonyms

• OATL4
• Organic anion transporter 4-like protein
• Renal-specific transporter
• RST
• URAT1
• Urate anion exchanger 1

Gene Name

SLC22A12

Organism

Humans

Amino acid sequence

>lcl|BSEQ0008631|Solute carrier family 22 member 12
MAFSELLDLVGGLGRFQVLQTMALMVSIMWLCTQSMLENFSAAVPSHRCWAPLLDNSTAQ
ASILGSLSPEALLAISIPPGPNQRPHQCRRFRQPQWQLLDPNATATSWSEADTEPCVDGW
VYDRSIFTSTIVAKWNLVCDSHALKPMAQSIYLAGILVGAAACGPASDRFGRRLVLTWSY
LQMAVMGTAAAFAPAFPVYCLFRFLLAFAVAGVMMNTGTLLMEWTAARARPLVMTLNSLG
FSFGHGLTAAVAYGVRDWTLLQLVVSVPFFLCFLYSWWLAESARWLLTTGRLDWGLQELW
RVAAINGKGAVQDTLTPEVLLSAMREELSMGQPPASLGTLLRMPGLRFRTCISTLCWFAF
GFTFFGLALDLQALGSNIFLLQMFIGVVDIPAKMGALLLLSHLGRRPTLAASLLLAGLCI
LANTLVPHEMGALRSALAVLGLGGVGAAFTCITIYSSELFPTVLRMTAVGLGQMAARGGA
ILGPLVRLLGVHGPWLPLLVYGTVPVLSGLAALLLPETQSLPLPDTIQDVQNQAVKKATH
GTLGNSVLKSTQF

Number of residues

553

Molecular Weight

59629.57

Theoretical pI

Not Available

GO Classification

Functions

inorganic anion exchanger activity / PDZ domain binding / sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity / urate transmembrane transporter activity

Processes

anion transmembrane transport / cellular homeostasis / organic acid transmembrane transport / response to drug / sodium-independent organic anion transport / transmembrane transport / urate metabolic process / urate transport

Components

apical plasma membrane / brush border membrane / extracellular exosome / integral component of membrane / integral component of plasma membrane / plasma membrane

General Function

Urate transmembrane transporter activity

Specific Function

Required for efficient urate re-absorption in the kidney. Regulates blood urate levels. Mediates saturable urate uptake by facilitating the exchange of urate against organic anions.

Pfam Domain Function

• MFS_1 (PF07690)

Transmembrane Regions

9-29 146-166 174-194 195-215 232-252 260-280 351-371 378-398 407-427 435-455 466-486 495-515

Cellular Location

Cell membrane

Gene sequence

>lcl|BSEQ0013316|Solute carrier family 22 member 12 (SLC22A12)
ATGGCATTTTCTGAACTCCTGGACCTCGTGGGTGGCCTGGGCAGGTTCCAGGTTCTCCAG
ACGATGGCTCTGATGGTCTCCATCATGTGGCTGTGTACCCAGAGCATGCTGGAGAACTTC
TCGGCCGCCGTGCCCAGCCACCGCTGCTGGGCACCCCTCCTGGACAACAGCACGGCTCAG
GCCAGCATCCTAGGGAGCTTGAGTCCTGAGGCCCTCCTGGCTATTTCCATCCCGCCGGGC
CCCAACCAGAGGCCCCACCAGTGCCGCCGCTTCCGCCAGCCACAGTGGCAGCTCTTGGAC
CCCAATGCCACGGCCACCAGCTGGAGCGAGGCCGACACGGAGCCGTGTGTGGATGGCTGG
GTCTATGACCGCAGCATCTTCACCTCCACAATCGTGGCCAAGTGGAACCTCGTGTGTGAC
TCTCATGCTCTGAAGCCCATGGCCCAGTCCATCTACCTGGCTGGGATTCTGGTGGGAGCT
GCTGCGTGCGGCCCTGCCTCAGACAGGTTTGGGCGCAGGCTGGTGCTAACCTGGAGCTAC
CTTCAGATGGCTGTGATGGTGATGGAGTGGACGGCGGCACGGGCCCGACCCTTGGTGATG
ACCTTGAACTCTCTGGGCTTCAGCTTCGGCCATGGCCTGACAGCTGCAGTGGCCTACGGT
GTGCGGGACTGGACACTGCTGCAGCTGGTGGTCTCGGTCCCCTTCTTCCTCTGCTTTTTG
TACTCCTGGTGGCTGGCAGAGTCGGCACGATGGCTCCTCACCACAGGCAGGCTGGATTGG
GGCCTGCAGGAGCTGTGGAGGGTGGCTGCCATCAACGGAAAGGGGGCAGTGCAGGACACC
CTGACCCCTGAGGTCTTGCTTTCAGCCATGCGGGAGGAGCTGAGCATGGGCCAGCCTCCT
GCCAGCCTGGGCACCCTGCTCCGCATGCCCGGACTGCGCTTCCGGACCTGTATCTCCACG
TTGTGCTGGTTCGCCTTTGGCTTCACCTTCTTCGGCCTGGCCCTGGACCTGCAGGCCCTG
GGCAGCAACATCTTCCTGCTCCAAATGTTCATTGGTGTCGTGGACATCCCAGCCAAGATG
GGCGCCCTGCTGCTGCTGAGCCACCTGGGCCGCCGCCCCACGCTGGCCGCATCCCTGTTG
CTGGCAGGGCTCTGCATTCTGGCCAACACGCTGGTGCCCCACGAAATGGGGGCTCTGCGC
TCAGCCTTGGCCGTGCTGGGGCTGGGCGGGGTGGGGGCTGCCTTCACCTGCATCACCATC
TACAGCAGCGAGCTCTTCCCCACTGTGCTCAGGATGACGGCAGTGGGCTTGGGCCAGATG
GCAGCCCGTGGAGGAGCCATCCTGGGGCCTCTGGTCCGGCTGCTGGGTGTCCATGGCCCC
TGGCTGCCCTTGCTGGTGTATGGGACGGTGCCAGTGCTGAGTGGCCTGGCCGCACTGCTT
CTGCCCGAGACCCAGAGCTTGCCGCTGCCCGACACCATCCAAGATGTGCAGAACCAGGCA
GTAAAGAAGGCAACACATGGCACGCTGGGGAACTCTGTCCTAAAATCCACACAGTTTTAG

Chromosome Location

11

Locus

Not Available

External Identifiers

Resource	Link
UniProtKB ID	Q96S37
UniProtKB Entry Name	S22AC_HUMAN
HGNC ID	HGNC:17989

General References

1. Enomoto A, Kimura H, Chairoungdua A, Shigeta Y, Jutabha P, Cha SH, Hosoyamada M, Takeda M, Sekine T, Igarashi T, Matsuo H, Kikuchi Y, Oda T, Ichida K, Hosoya T, Shimokata K, Niwa T, Kanai Y, Endou H: Molecular identification of a renal urate anion exchanger that regulates blood urate levels. Nature. 2002 May 23;417(6887):447-52. Epub 2002 Apr 14. [Article]
2. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [Article]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [Article]
4. Taylor TD, Noguchi H, Totoki Y, Toyoda A, Kuroki Y, Dewar K, Lloyd C, Itoh T, Takeda T, Kim DW, She X, Barlow KF, Bloom T, Bruford E, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Eichler E, FitzGerald MG, Jaffe DB, LaButti K, Nicol R, Park HS, Seaman C, Sougnez C, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Zody MC, Birren BW, Nusbaum C, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Rogers J, Lander ES, Sakaki Y: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification. Nature. 2006 Mar 23;440(7083):497-500. [Article]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [Article]
6. Vazquez-Mellado J, Jimenez-Vaca AL, Cuevas-Covarrubias S, Alvarado-Romano V, Pozo-Molina G, Burgos-Vargas R: Molecular analysis of the SLC22A12 (URAT1) gene in patients with primary gout. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007 Feb;46(2):215-9. Epub 2006 Jul 11. [Article]
7. Gisler SM, Pribanic S, Bacic D, Forrer P, Gantenbein A, Sabourin LA, Tsuji A, Zhao ZS, Manser E, Biber J, Murer H: PDZK1: I. a major scaffolder in brush borders of proximal tubular cells. Kidney Int. 2003 Nov;64(5):1733-45. [Article]
8. Anzai N, Miyazaki H, Noshiro R, Khamdang S, Chairoungdua A, Shin HJ, Enomoto A, Sakamoto S, Hirata T, Tomita K, Kanai Y, Endou H: The multivalent PDZ domain-containing protein PDZK1 regulates transport activity of renal urate-anion exchanger URAT1 via its C terminus. J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 29;279(44):45942-50. Epub 2004 Aug 10. [Article]
9. Ichida K, Hosoyamada M, Hisatome I, Enomoto A, Hikita M, Endou H, Hosoya T: Clinical and molecular analysis of patients with renal hypouricemia in Japan-influence of URAT1 gene on urinary urate excretion. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004 Jan;15(1):164-73. [Article]
10. Iwai N, Mino Y, Hosoyamada M, Tago N, Kokubo Y, Endou H: A high prevalence of renal hypouricemia caused by inactive SLC22A12 in Japanese. Kidney Int. 2004 Sep;66(3):935-44. [Article]
11. Wakida N, Tuyen DG, Adachi M, Miyoshi T, Nonoguchi H, Oka T, Ueda O, Tazawa M, Kurihara S, Yoneta Y, Shimada H, Oda T, Kikuchi Y, Matsuo H, Hosoyamada M, Endou H, Otagiri M, Tomita K, Kitamura K: Mutations in human urate transporter 1 gene in presecretory reabsorption defect type of familial renal hypouricemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Apr;90(4):2169-74. Epub 2005 Jan 5. [Article]
12. Cheong HI, Kang JH, Lee JH, Ha IS, Kim S, Komoda F, Sekine T, Igarashi T, Choi Y: Mutational analysis of idiopathic renal hypouricemia in Korea. Pediatr Nephrol. 2005 Jul;20(7):886-90. Epub 2005 May 24. [Article]
13. Graessler J, Graessler A, Unger S, Kopprasch S, Tausche AK, Kuhlisch E, Schroeder HE: Association of the human urate transporter 1 with reduced renal uric acid excretion and hyperuricemia in a German Caucasian population. Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Jan;54(1):292-300. [Article]

Drug Relations

Drug Relations

DrugBank ID	Name	Drug group	Pharmacological action?	Actions	Details
DB01032	Probenecid	approved, investigational	unknown	inhibitor	Details
DB00678	Losartan	approved	unknown	inhibitor	Details
DB11560	Lesinurad	approved, investigational	yes	inhibitor	Details
DB01138	Sulfinpyrazone	approved	yes	inhibitor	Details
DB12466	Favipiravir	approved, investigational	unknown	inhibitor	Details
DB00870	Suprofen	approved, withdrawn	unknown	inhibitor	Details