Biguanides

Name
Biguanides
Accession Number
DBCAT000761
Description

Derivatives of biguanide (the structure formula HN(C(NH)NH2)2) that are primarily used as oral HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS for the treatment of DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2 and PREDIABETES.

ATC Classification
Drugs
DrugDrug Description
MetforminA biguanide antihyperglycemic used in conjunction with diet and exercise for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is also used off-label for insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
ProguanilA medication indicated for prophylaxis and treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
BuforminBuformin is an anti-diabetic drug of the biguanide class, chemically related to metformin and phenformin. It was withdrawn from the market in most countries due to a high risk of...
ChlorhexidineAn antiseptic used to sterilize for surgeries and in healthcare practice, to reduce pocket depth in periodontitis, and to treat gingivitis.
PhenforminFor the reatment of type II diabetes mellitus.
ChlorproguanilChlorproguanil has been used in trials studying the treatment of MALARIA. It is a dichloro-derivative of chloroguanide.
CycloguanilCycloguanil is the active metabolite of proguanil.
ChloroquineAn antimalarial drug used to treat susceptible infections with P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. falciparum. It is also used for second line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.
AtovaquoneAn antimicrobial indicated for the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) and for the prevention and treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Drugs & Drug Targets
DrugTargetType
Metformin5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1target
MetforminSolute carrier family 22 member 2transporter
MetforminSolute carrier family 22 member 1transporter
MetforminMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1transporter
MetforminEquilibrative nucleoside transporter 4transporter
MetforminSolute carrier family 22 member 3transporter
MetforminMultidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2transporter
MetforminElectron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrialtarget
MetforminGlycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(+)], cytoplasmictarget
ProguanilBifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthasetarget
ProguanilDihydrofolate reductasetarget
ProguanilCytochrome P450 2C19enzyme
ProguanilCytochrome P450 2D6enzyme
ProguanilCytochrome P450 2C9enzyme
BuforminSolute carrier family 22 member 1transporter
ChlorhexidineBacterial outer membranetarget
ChlorhexidineSerum albumincarrier
Phenformin5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1target
PhenforminCytochrome P450 2D6enzyme
PhenforminSolute carrier family 22 member 2transporter
PhenforminSolute carrier family 22 member 1transporter
PhenforminATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 8target
ChloroquineTumor necrosis factortarget
ChloroquineToll-like receptor 9target
ChloroquineGlutathione S-transferase A2target
ChloroquineCytochrome P450 2D6enzyme
ChloroquineCytochrome P450 3A4enzyme
ChloroquineCytochrome P450 1A1enzyme
ChloroquineCytochrome P450 2C8enzyme
ChloroquineCytochrome P450 3A5enzyme
ChloroquineGlutathione S-transferasetarget
ChloroquineP-glycoprotein 1transporter
ChloroquineSerum albumincarrier
Chloroquinealpha1-acid glycoproteincarrier
ChloroquineHigh mobility group protein B1target
ChloroquineGlutathione S-transferase Mu 1target
ChloroquineAngiotensin-converting enzyme 2target
AtovaquoneDihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrialtarget
AtovaquoneDihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrialtarget
AtovaquoneCytochrome btarget
AtovaquoneCytochrome P450 2C9enzyme
AtovaquoneCytochrome P450 3A4enzyme
AtovaquoneP-glycoprotein 1transporter