Iron Dextran

Identification

Summary

Iron Dextran is an iron supplement used to treat iron deficiency in patients who cannot take oral iron.

Brand Names
Infed, Irospan 24/6 Kit
Generic Name
Iron Dextran
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00893
Background

Iron dextran is a dark brown, slightly viscous liquid complex of ferric hydroxide and dextran for intravenous or intramuscular use. Iron Dextran is used for the treatment of patients with documented iron deficiency in which oral administration is unsatisfactory or impossible.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Vet approved
Synonyms
  • Dextran iron
  • Iron Dextran
  • Iron dextran complex

Pharmacology

Indication

For treatment of patients with documented iron deficiency in whom oral administration is unsatisfactory or impossible. Also used to replenish body iron stores in Non-Dialysis Dependent-Chronic Kidney Disease (NDD-CKD) patients receiving or not receiving erythropoietin and in Hemodialysis Dependent (HDD-CKD) and Peritoneal Dialysis Dependent (PDD-CKD) - Chronic Kidney Disease patients receiving an erythropoietin.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Treatment ofIron deficiency••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Iron dextran is a dark brown, slightly viscous sterile liquid complex of ferric hydroxide and dextran for intravenous or intramuscular use. It is for treatment of patients with documented iron deficiency in whom oral administration is unsatisfactory or impossible. Iron is essential to the formation of hemoglobin and to the function and formation of other heme and nonheme compounds. Untreated depletion of iron stores leads to iron-deficient erythropoiesis and, in turn, to iron deficiency anemia.

Mechanism of action

After iron dextran is injected, the circulating iron dextran is removed from the plasma by cells of the reticuloendothelial system, which split the complex into its components of iron and dextran. The iron is immediately bound to the available protein moieties to form hemosiderin or ferritin, the physiological forms of iron, or to a lesser extent to transferrin. This iron which is subject to physiological control replenishes hemoglobin and depleted iron stores.

TargetActionsOrganism
AHemoglobin subunit beta
activator
Humans
AHemoglobin subunit alpha
activator
Humans
AFerritin heavy chain
other
Humans
AFerritin light chain
other
Humans
Absorption

The major portion of intramuscular injections of iron dextran is absorbed within 72 hours; most of the remaining iron is absorbed over the ensuing 3 to 4 weeks.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

100% (after release from dextran)

Metabolism

Dextran, a polyglucose, is either metabolized or excreted.

Route of elimination

Dextran, a polyglucose, is either metabolized or excreted.

Half-life

5 hours (some indications that it can be as long as 10 hours)

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

LD50 = 500 mg/kg (mouse, IV). Dosages of iron dextran in excess of the requirements for restoration of hemoglobin and replenishment of iron stores may lead to hemosiderosis. Cases of severe, sometimes fatal, allergic reactions (loss of consciousness, collapse, difficulty breathing, hives, swelling, or convulsions) and severe low blood pressure (hypotension) have been reported with the use of iron dextran.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AlmasilateAlmasilate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Iron Dextran resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Aluminium phosphateAluminium phosphate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Iron Dextran resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Aluminum hydroxideAluminum hydroxide can cause a decrease in the absorption of Iron Dextran resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
BenazeprilThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Benazepril is combined with Iron Dextran.
Calcium carbonateCalcium carbonate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Iron Dextran resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy.
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Active Moieties
NameKindUNIICASInChI Key
IronunknownE1UOL152H77439-89-6XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Ferric cationionic91O4LML61120074-52-6VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Product Images
International/Other Brands
CosmoFer (B. Braun) / Feosol (GlaxoSmithKline) / Imferon (Sanofi-Aventis) / Proferdex (New River Pharmaceuticals Inc.)
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
DexferrumInjection, solution50 mg/1mLIntravenousAMERICAN REGENT, INC.1996-03-012013-04-08US flag
DexferrumInjection, solution50 mg/1mLIntravenousAMERICAN REGENT, INC.1998-10-012013-04-22US flag
DexironSolution50 mg / mLIntramuscular; IntravenousAmerican Regent, Inc1996-09-062022-05-12Canada flag
INFeDInjection50 mg/1mLIntramuscular; IntravenousActavis Pharma, Inc.1974-04-292021-08-31US flag
InfedInjection50 mg/1mLIntramuscular; IntravenousHenry Schein, Inc.2022-01-11Not applicableUS flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
BiferaRxIron Dextran (22 mg/1) + Cyanocobalamin (25 ug/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Heme iron polypeptide (6 mg/1)TabletOralAlaven Pharmaceutical LLC2010-05-012019-09-30US flag
BiferaRxIron Dextran (22 mg/1) + Cyanocobalamin (25 ug/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Heme iron polypeptide (6 mg/1)TabletOralMEDA Pharmaceuticals2012-10-312018-09-30US flag
Iron Polysaccharides Folic Acid DHAIron Dextran (29 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (30 mg/1) + Beta carotene (1100 [iU]/1) + Cholecalciferol (1000 [iU]/1) + Cupric oxide (2 mg/1) + Cyanocobalamin (12 ug/1) + DL-alpha tocopheryl acetate (20 mg/1) + Doconexent (200 mg/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Magnesium oxide (20 mg/1) + Nicotinamide (15 mg/1) + Potassium Iodide (150 ug/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (2.5 mg/1) + Riboflavin (1.8 mg/1) + Thiamine mononitrate (1.6 mg/1) + Zinc oxide (25 mg/1)Tablet, film coatedOralVirtus Pharmaceuticals2013-12-202013-12-30US flag
Irospan 24/6Iron Dextran (65 mg/1) + Biotin (300 ug/1) + Biotin (300 ug/1) + Calcium carbonate (100 mg/1) + Cyanocobalamin (10 ug/1) + Cyanocobalamin (10 ug/1) + Ferrous bisglycinate (65 mg/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Calcium formate (155 mg/1) + Niacin (25 mg/1) + Niacin (25 mg/1) + Calcium pantothenate (300 ug/1) + Calcium pantothenate (7 mg/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (30 mg/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (30 mg/1) + Riboflavin sodium (5 mg/1) + Riboflavin (5 mg/1) + Sodium ascorbate (100 mg/1) + Sodium ascorbate (100 mg/1) + Succinic acid (150 mg/1) + Thiamine hydrochloride (5 mg/1) + Thiamine hydrochloride (5 mg/1)Kit; Tablet; Tablet, film coatedOralWOMENS CHOICE PHARMACEUTICALS LLC2011-04-15Not applicableUS flag
NiferexIron Dextran (100 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (60 mg/1) + Cyanocobalamin (25 ug/1) + Ferrous asparto glycinate (50 mg/1) + Folic acid (250 ug/1) + Gastric intrinsic factor (100 mg/1) + Levomefolic acid (750 ug/1) + Succinic acid (50 mg/1) + Zinc (15 mg/1)TabletOralAvion Pharmaceuticals, Llc2017-01-10Not applicableUS flag

Categories

Drug Categories
Classification
Not classified
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
95HR524N2M
CAS number
9004-66-4
InChI Key
Not Available
InChI
Not Available
IUPAC Name
Not Available
SMILES
Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

William T. Monte, Laurie Scaggs, "Process for making crystalline iron dextran." U.S. Patent US5756715, issued 1905.

US5756715
General References
  1. Iron dextran FDA LABEL [Link]
KEGG Drug
D02141
PubChem Substance
46506136
RxNav
5992
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1201544
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP001312
PharmGKB
PA164764618
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Iron_supplement
MSDS
Download (45.1 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
  • Luitpold pharmaceuticals inc
  • Watson laboratories inc
  • Sanofi aventis us llc
  • New river pharmaceuticals inc
Packagers
  • Alaven Pharmaceutical
  • American Regent
  • General Injectables and Vaccines Inc.
  • Gensavis LLC
  • Luitpold Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Patheon Inc.
  • Physicians Total Care Inc.
  • Primedics Laboratories
  • Schein Pharmaceutical Inc.
  • Watson Pharmaceuticals
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
SolutionIntramuscular100.000 mg
TabletOral
Injection, solutionIntravenous
Injection, solutionIntravenous50 mg/1mL
SolutionIntramuscular; Intravenous50 mg / mL
InjectionIntravenous
SolutionIntravenous
InjectionIntramuscular
SolutionParenteral625.000 mg
InjectionIntramuscular; Intravenous50 mg/ml
InjectionIntramuscular; Intravenous50 mg/1mL
Injection, solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous50 mg/1mL
LiquidIntramuscular; Intravenous50 mg / mL
SolutionOral100 MG/5ML
Solution / dropsOral50 MG/ML
CapsuleOral
Tablet, film coatedOral
Kit; tablet; tablet, film coatedOral
SolutionOral
Capsule, gelatin coatedOral
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Iron dextran comp 100 mg/2 ml38.08USD ml
Dexferrum 100 mg/2 ml vial21.6USD ml
Dexferrum 50 mg/ml vial21.6USD ml
Dexiron 50 mg/ml15.66USD ml
Infufer 50 mg/ml15.53USD ml
Infed 100 mg/2 ml vial14.44USD ml
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Patent NumberPediatric ExtensionApprovedExpires (estimated)Region
US5624668No1997-04-292015-09-29US flag

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
water solubilitySolubleNot Available
Predicted Properties
Not Available
Predicted ADMET Features
Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
Not Available
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Activator
General Function
Oxygen transporter activity
Specific Function
Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues.LVV-hemorphin-7 potentiates the activity of bradykinin, causing a decrease in blood pressure.Spinorphin: functions as an...
Gene Name
HBB
Uniprot ID
P68871
Uniprot Name
Hemoglobin subunit beta
Molecular Weight
15998.34 Da
References
  1. Zaric J, Lazic D, Markovic S, Glisin V, Ivanovic Z, Milenkovic P, Popovic Z: Alpha- and beta-globins of the anemic Belgrade laboratory rat. II. The effect of hemin and iron-dextran treatment. Hemoglobin. 1998 May;22(3):231-44. [Article]
  2. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Activator
General Function
Oxygen transporter activity
Specific Function
Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues.
Gene Name
HBA1
Uniprot ID
P69905
Uniprot Name
Hemoglobin subunit alpha
Molecular Weight
15257.405 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Other
General Function
Iron ion binding
Specific Function
Stores iron in a soluble, non-toxic, readily available form. Important for iron homeostasis. Has ferroxidase activity. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after ...
Gene Name
FTH1
Uniprot ID
P02794
Uniprot Name
Ferritin heavy chain
Molecular Weight
21225.47 Da
References
  1. Iron dextran FDA LABEL [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Other
General Function
Iron ion binding
Specific Function
Stores iron in a soluble, non-toxic, readily available form. Important for iron homeostasis. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after oxidation. Also plays a ro...
Gene Name
FTL
Uniprot ID
P02792
Uniprot Name
Ferritin light chain
Molecular Weight
20019.49 Da
References
  1. Iron dextran FDA LABEL [Link]

Carriers

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Transferrin receptor binding
Specific Function
Transferrins are iron binding transport proteins which can bind two Fe(3+) ions in association with the binding of an anion, usually bicarbonate. It is responsible for the transport of iron from si...
Gene Name
TF
Uniprot ID
P02787
Uniprot Name
Serotransferrin
Molecular Weight
77063.195 Da
References
  1. Macdougall IC: Strategies for iron supplementation: oral versus intravenous. Kidney Int Suppl. 1999 Mar;69:S61-6. [Article]
  2. Salahudeen AK, Oliver B, Bower JD, Roberts LJ 2nd: Increase in plasma esterified F2-isoprostanes following intravenous iron infusion in patients on hemodialysis. Kidney Int. 2001 Oct;60(4):1525-31. [Article]
  3. Pai AB, Boyd AV, McQuade CR, Harford A, Norenberg JP, Zager PG: Comparison of oxidative stress markers after intravenous administration of iron dextran, sodium ferric gluconate, and iron sucrose in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Mar;27(3):343-50. [Article]
  4. Jacobs JC, Alexander NM: Colorimetry and constant-potential coulometry determinations of transferrin-bound iron, total iron-binding capacity, and total iron in serum containing iron-dextran, with use of sodium dithionite and alumina columns. Clin Chem. 1990 Oct;36(10):1803-7. [Article]
  5. Speyer BE, Doney VJ, Fielding J: Transfer of iron from Ferastral and other organic complexes to transferrin as measured by reticulocyte uptake. Scand J Haematol Suppl. 1977;32:215-21. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at March 18, 2024 16:48