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IdentificationPharmacologyInteractionsReferencesTrialsEconomicsPropertiesSpectraTaxonomyButyric Acid
Identification
- Name
- Butyric Acid
- Accession Number
- DB03568 (EXPT00774)
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Experimental, Investigational
- Description
A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.
- Structure
Structure for Butyric Acid (DB03568)
- Synonyms
- 1-propanecarboxylic acid
- Butanoic acid
- Butyrate
- Butyricum acidum
- Ethylacetic acid
- N-butanoic acid
- N-butyric acid
- Propylformic acid
- External IDs
- FEMA NO. 2221 / NSC-8415
- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Sodium butyrate 8RAS91C36W 156-54-7 MFBOGIVSZKQAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M - Categories
- UNII
- 40UIR9Q29H
- CAS number
- 107-92-6
- Weight
- Average: 88.1051
Monoisotopic: 88.0524295 - Chemical Formula
- C4H8O2
- InChI Key
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,5,6)
- IUPAC Name
- butanoic acid
- SMILES
- CCCC(O)=O
Pharmacology
- Indication
- Not Available
- Pharmacodynamics
- Not Available
- Mechanism of action
Target Actions Organism UCholinesterase Not Available Humans U2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate hydrolase Not Available Pseudomonas fluorescens U(S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase Not Available Pseudomonas sp. (strain YL) - Absorption
- Not Available
- Volume of distribution
- Not Available
- Protein binding
- Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
- Not Available
- Half life
- Not Available
- Clearance
- Not Available
- Toxicity
- Not Available
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
- Pathways
Pathway Category Butyrate Metabolism Metabolic Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Metabolic - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Unlock Additional Data
Additional Data Available
Adverse Effects
Comprehensive structured data on known drug adverse effects with statistical prevalence. MedDRA and ICD10 ids are provided for adverse effect conditions and symptoms.
Learn more Additional Data Available
Contraindications
Structured data covering drug contraindications. Each contraindication describes a scenario in which the drug is not to be used. Includes restrictions on co-administration, contraindicated populations, and more.
Learn more Additional Data Available
Blackbox Warnings
Structured data representing warnings from the black box section of drug labels. These warnings cover important and dangerous risks, contraindications, or adverse effects.
Learn moreInteractions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
References
- Synthesis Reference
Haruhiko Kikuchi, "Process for preparing 4-(4-biphenylyl)-4-oxo-butanoic acid." U.S. Patent US4621154, issued November, 1977.
US4621154- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0000039
- KEGG Compound
- C00246
- PubChem Compound
- 264
- PubChem Substance
- 46505927
- ChemSpider
- 259
- BindingDB
- 26109
- RxNav
- 1362696
- ChEBI
- 30772
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL14227
- ZINC
- ZINC000000895132
- Guide to Pharmacology
- GtP Drug Page
- PDBe Ligand
- BUA
- Wikipedia
- Butyric_acid
- PDB Entries
- 1p0i / 1ugp / 1uk7 / 1zrm / 2cz0 / 2cz1 / 2ha7 / 2j4c / 3dlt / 3i3f … show 13 more
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 0 Completed Treatment Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) 1 1 Not Yet Recruiting Other High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) 1 2 Completed Basic Science Shigellosis 1 2 Completed Treatment Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency 1 2 Not Yet Recruiting Treatment Ulcerative Colitis 1 2 Recruiting Treatment Autism Spectrum Conditions/Disorders 1 2, 3 Terminated Treatment Very Low Birth Weight Preterms 1 2, 3 Withdrawn Treatment Cognitive Impairments / Schizophrenia 1 3 Not Yet Recruiting Treatment Hirschsprung's Disease (HD) 1 3 Not Yet Recruiting Treatment Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus 1 4 Completed Treatment Alcohol Dependence / Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome(AWS) 1 4 Completed Treatment Atopic Dermatitis (AD) 1 4 Recruiting Treatment Epilepsies 1 Not Available Completed Basic Science Visceral (Hyper)Sensitivity 1 Not Available Completed Diagnostic BMI >30 kg/m2 / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 1 Not Available Recruiting Basic Science Pain 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage forms
Form Route Strength Powder Not applicable 1 g/1g - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) -5.7 °C PhysProp boiling point (°C) 163.7 °C PhysProp water solubility 6E+004 mg/L (at 25 °C) HEMPHILL,L & SWANSON,WS (1964) logP 0.79 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) logS -0.19 ADME Research, USCD pKa 4.82 (at 25 °C) RIDDICK,JA ET AL. (1986) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 239.0 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 0.78 ALOGPS logP 0.92 ChemAxon logS 0.43 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 4.91 ChemAxon Physiological Charge -1 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 2 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 1 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 37.3 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 2 ChemAxon Refractivity 21.87 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 9.22 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 0 ChemAxon Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon Ghose Filter No ChemAxon Veber's Rule Yes ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule No ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9938 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9572 Caco-2 permeable + 0.7456 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.759 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9554 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9773 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.9544 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8026 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.9177 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.7582 CYP450 1A2 substrate Inhibitor 0.5106 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9345 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9519 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9613 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.972 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.9849 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.95 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.5611 Biodegradation Ready biodegradable 0.9659 Rat acute toxicity 1.6755 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9484 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.9677
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Taxonomy
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as straight chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with a straight aliphatic chain.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Lipids and lipid-like molecules
- Class
- Fatty Acyls
- Sub Class
- Fatty acids and conjugates
- Direct Parent
- Straight chain fatty acids
- Alternative Parents
- Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Carbonyl compounds
- Substituents
- Straight chain fatty acid / Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives / Carboxylic acid / Carboxylic acid derivative / Organic oxygen compound / Organic oxide / Hydrocarbon derivative / Organooxygen compound / Carbonyl group / Aliphatic acyclic compound
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic acyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- straight-chain saturated fatty acid, short-chain fatty acid (CHEBI:30772) / Straight chain fatty acids, Saturated fatty acids (C00246) / Straight chain fatty acids (LMFA01010004)
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Identical protein binding
- Specific Function
- Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters.
- Gene Name
- BCHE
- Uniprot ID
- P06276
- Uniprot Name
- Cholinesterase
- Molecular Weight
- 68417.575 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Pseudomonas fluorescens
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Hydrolase activity
- Specific Function
- Not Available
- Gene Name
- cumD
- Uniprot ID
- P96965
- Uniprot Name
- 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate hydrolase
- Molecular Weight
- 31489.385 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Pseudomonas sp. (strain YL)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- (s)-2-haloacid dehalogenase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the hydrolytic dehalogenation of small (S)-2-haloalkanoic acids to yield the corresponding (R)-2-hydroxyalkanoic acids. Acts on acids of short chain lengths, C(2) to C(4), with inversion ...
- Gene Name
- Not Available
- Uniprot ID
- Q53464
- Uniprot Name
- (S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase
- Molecular Weight
- 26176.335 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Ligand
- General Function
- Identical protein binding
- Specific Function
- Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters.
- Gene Name
- BCHE
- Uniprot ID
- P06276
- Uniprot Name
- Cholinesterase
- Molecular Weight
- 68417.575 Da
References
- Xu YL, Li FY, Ndikuryayo F, Yang WC, Wang HM: Cholinesterases and Engineered Mutants for the Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues. Sensors (Basel). 2018 Dec 5;18(12). pii: s18124281. doi: 10.3390/s18124281. [PubMed:30563111]
- Colovic MB, Krstic DZ, Lazarevic-Pasti TD, Bondzic AM, Vasic VM: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: pharmacology and toxicology. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2013 May;11(3):315-35. doi: 10.2174/1570159X11311030006. [PubMed:24179466]
- Casper D, Davies P: Stimulation of choline acetyltransferase activity by retinoic acid and sodium butyrate in a cultured human neuroblastoma. Brain Res. 1989 Jan 23;478(1):74-84. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(89)91478-9. [PubMed:2924123]
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on June 12, 2020 10:52
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