Diloxanide furoate is an anti-protozoal drug used in the treatment of Entamoeba histolytica and some other protozoal infections. Although it is not currently approved for use in the United States, it was approved by a CDC study in the treatment of 4,371 cases of Entamoeba histolytica from 1977 to 1990.

• Amebicides
• Anti-Infective Agents
• Antiparasitic Agents
• Antiparasitic Products, Insecticides and Repellents
• Antiprotozoals
• Dichloroacetamide Derivatives

Diloxanide is used alone as a primary agent in the treatment of asymptomatic (cyst passers) intestinal amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica. Diloxanide may also be used concurrently, or sequentially, with other agents such as the nitroimidazoles (eg. metronidazole) in the treatment of invasive or extraintestinal forms of amebiasis.

Diloxanide is a luminal amebicide, however the mechanism of action of diloxanide is unknown. Diloxanide destroys the trophozoites of E. histolytica that eventually form into cysts. The cysts are then excreted by persons infected with asymptomatic amebiasis. Diloxanide furoate is a prodrug, and is hydrolyzed in the gastrointestinal tract to produce diloxanide, the active ingredient.

Unknown. Diloxanide may inhibit protein synthesis.

Bioavailability is 90% (in diloxanide parental form), however diloxanide furoate is slowly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

Renal (90%, rapidly excreted as glucuronide metabolite). 10% is excreted in the feces as diloxanide.

3 hours

• Protozoa

1. McAuley JB, Herwaldt BL, Stokes SL, Becher JA, Roberts JM, Michelson MK, Juranek DD: Diloxanide furoate for treating asymptomatic Entamoeba histolytica cyst passers: 14 years' experience in the United States. Clin Infect Dis. 1992 Sep;15(3):464-8. [PubMed:1520794 ]

• P01AC — Dichloroacetamide derivatives
• P01A — AGENTS AGAINST AMOEBIASIS AND OTHER PROTOZOAL DISEASES
• P01 — ANTIPROTOZOALS
• P — ANTIPARASITIC PRODUCTS, INSECTICIDES AND REPELLENTS