Identification
- Summary
Potassium bicarbonate is an ingredient used as an antacid or to treat hypokalemia.
- Brand Names
- Effer-K
- Generic Name
- Potassium bicarbonate
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB11098
- Background
Potassium bicarbonate is a white, crystalline, slightly alkaline and salty substance. It is produced by the passage of carbon dioxide through an aqueous potassium carbonate solution. It is used in medicine as an antacid.3 It is registered in the FDA under the section of suitable, safe and effective ingredients for OTC antacids.7 This FDA denomination classifies potassium bicarbonate as a GRAS ingredient.8
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Structure
Structure for Potassium bicarbonate (DB11098)
- Weight
- Average: 100.1151
Monoisotopic: 99.956275759 - Chemical Formula
- CHKO3
- Synonyms
- Carbonic acid, monopotassium salt
- Potassium bicarbonate
- Potassium hydrogen carbonate
- External IDs
- E-501(II)
- INS NO.501(II)
- INS-501(II)
Pharmacology
- Indication
Potassium bicarbonate is used as an antacid, electrolyte replenisher and potassium supplement. It can also be used as an excipient in drug formulations.8 An antacid is a medication used to neutralize gastric acid in a short timeframe after ingestion and the effect is soon overcome by meal-stimulated acid secretion.1
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Used in combination to treat Arrhythmias cardiac caused by hypokalemia Combination Product in combination with: Potassium citrate (DB09125) •••••••••••• ••••••• •••••••••••• Used in combination for symptomatic treatment of Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (gerd) Combination Product in combination with: Alginic acid (DB13518) ••• ••• •••••••••• Used in combination to treat Hypocitraturia Combination Product in combination with: Potassium citrate (DB09125) •••••••••••• ••••••• •••••••••••• Used in combination to treat Hypokalemia Combination Product in combination with: Potassium citrate (DB09125) •••••••••••• ••••••••• •••• ••••••••• ••••••• •••••••••••• Used in combination to treat Hypokalemia Combination Product in combination with: Potassium citrate (DB09125) •••••••••••• ••••••••• •••••••• ••••••• •••••••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Potassium is the principal intracellular cation in most body tissues. The concentration of potassium ions is essential to conduct nerve impulses in specialized tissues like brain, heart and skeletal muscle, as well as to maintain normal renal function, acid-base balance, and cellular metabolic functions.9 The use of compounds containing bicarbonate is showed to produce the release of CO2. This effect has been one of the problems of the use of potassium bicarbonate as it can cause eructation.5
- Mechanism of action
The antacid potential of potassium bicarbonate is attained by increasing the gastrointestinal pH by neutralizing hydrochloric acid.6 The increase in pH results in suppression of the action of pepsin which is the enzyme that exacerbates ulceration due to the presence of acid.5
Target Actions Organism AHydrogen ions neutralizer- Absorption
Potassium bicarbonate intake is done mainly in the small intestine in which approximately 90% of the potassium will be absorbed by passive diffusion.2
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Approximately 90% of the exogenous potassium consumed is lost in the urine while the other 10% is excreted in feces and a very small amount can be found in the sweat. The excreted potassium is freely filtered by the glomerulus of the kidney.2
- Half-life
Some reports have shown that after absorption, most body potassium exchanges rapidly with a half-life of less than 7 hours.2
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
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Potassium bicarbonate does not contain any toxic chemicals and it is not listed as a carcinogenic or a potential carcinogen.8 Potassium bicarbonate is also considered safe in pregnancy as the current data do not suggest a teratogenic potential or any developmental toxicity.4
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbacavir Abacavir may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium bicarbonate which could result in a higher serum level. Acebutolol Potassium bicarbonate may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Acebutolol. Aceclofenac Potassium bicarbonate may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Aceclofenac. Acemetacin Potassium bicarbonate may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Acemetacin. Acetaminophen Acetaminophen may decrease the excretion rate of Potassium bicarbonate which could result in a higher serum level. - Food Interactions
- Avoid potassium-containing products. Excess potassium intake may cause hyperkalemia. Avoid salt substitutes like potassium chloride (KCl).
- Take with a full glass of water. Dissolve the 10 mEq tablet in at least 2-3 oz of fluid, and the 20 mEq tablet in at least 3-4 oz of liquid (juice or water).
- Take with food.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Active Moieties
Name Kind UNII CAS InChI Key Potassium cation ionic 295O53K152 24203-36-9 NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Effer-K 10 mEq Cherry Vanilla Tablet, effervescent 391 mg/1 Oral Nomax Inc. 2013-01-30 Not applicable US 
Effer-K 10 mEq Unflavored Tablet, effervescent 391 mg/1 Oral Nomax Inc. 2013-01-30 Not applicable US Effer-K 20 mEq Orange Cream Tablet, effervescent 782 mg/1 Oral Nomax Inc. 2013-01-30 Not applicable US Effer-K 20 mEq Unflavored Tablet, effervescent 782 mg/1 Oral Nomax Inc. 2013-01-30 Not applicable US Effer-K Cherry Berry Tablet, effervescent 977.5 mg/1 Oral Nomax Inc. 2013-01-30 Not applicable US - Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image GASCOVID ADVANCE LIQUID Suspension 200 MG/10ML Oral GOLDPLUS UNIVERSAL PTE LTD 2020-11-17 Not applicable Singapore 
- Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Alka-Seltzer Gold Potassium bicarbonate (344 mg/1) + Citric acid monohydrate (1000 mg/1) + Sodium bicarbonate (1050 mg/1) Tablet, effervescent Oral Bayer Healthcare Llc. 2014-11-19 Not applicable US Betacol Potassium bicarbonate (41 mg) + Betaine hydrochloride (61 mg) + Calcium glycerophosphate (50 mg) + Choline bitartrate (2.5 mg) Capsule Oral Therapeutic Foods Co. 1989-12-15 1996-09-09 Canada 
Buffered Vitamin C Pwr W Cal-mag-potassium Potassium bicarbonate (15 mg / g) + Ascorbic acid (359.55 mg / g) + Calcium carbonate (68.25 mg / g) + Magnesium carbonate (34.42 mg / g) + Magnesium oxide (4.21 mg / g) Powder Oral Sisu Inc. 1987-12-31 2009-08-04 Canada Calcor Potassium bicarbonate (100 mg) + Calcium (500 mg) + Magnesium (140 mg) + Silicon (2 mg) Tablet Oral Simone Protective Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Not applicable Not applicable Canada Coenzyme Q10 Isotonix Vitamin and Mineral Supplement Potassium bicarbonate (32.43 mg / g) + Riboflavin (0.9 mg / g) + Ubidecarenone (30.03 mg / g) + alpha-Tocopherol acetate (60.06 mg / g) Powder Oral Market America, Inc. 2002-06-04 2008-09-04 Canada - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Effer-K 10 mEq Cherry Vanilla Potassium bicarbonate (391 mg/1) Tablet, effervescent Oral Nomax Inc. 2013-01-30 Not applicable US Effer-K 10 mEq Unflavored Potassium bicarbonate (391 mg/1) Tablet, effervescent Oral Nomax Inc. 2013-01-30 Not applicable US Effer-K 20 mEq Orange Cream Potassium bicarbonate (782 mg/1) Tablet, effervescent Oral Nomax Inc. 2013-01-30 Not applicable US Effer-K 20 mEq Unflavored Potassium bicarbonate (782 mg/1) Tablet, effervescent Oral Nomax Inc. 2013-01-30 Not applicable US Effer-K Cherry Berry Potassium bicarbonate (977.5 mg/1) Tablet, effervescent Oral Nomax Inc. 2013-01-30 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- A12BA04 — Potassium hydrogencarbonate
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as organic carbonic acids. These are compounds comprising the carbonic acid functional group.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organic acids and derivatives
- Class
- Organic carbonic acids and derivatives
- Sub Class
- Organic carbonic acids
- Direct Parent
- Organic carbonic acids
- Alternative Parents
- Carbonate salts / Organic potassium salts / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Carbonyl compounds
- Substituents
- Aliphatic acyclic compound / Carbonate salt / Carbonic acid / Carbonyl group / Hydrocarbon derivative / Organic alkali metal salt / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound / Organic potassium salt / Organic salt
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic acyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- potassium salt, organic salt (CHEBI:81862)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- HM5Z15LEBN
- CAS number
- 298-14-6
- InChI Key
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
- InChI
- InChI=1S/CH2O3.K/c2-1(3)4;/h(H2,2,3,4);/q;+1/p-1
- IUPAC Name
- potassium hydrogen carbonate
- SMILES
- [K+].OC([O-])=O
References
- General References
- De Ruigh A, Roman S, Chen J, Pandolfino JE, Kahrilas PJ: Gaviscon Double Action Liquid (antacid & alginate) is more effective than antacid in controlling post-prandial oesophageal acid exposure in GERD patients: a double-blind crossover study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Sep;40(5):531-7. doi: 10.1111/apt.12857. Epub 2014 Jul 10. [Article]
- Stone MS, Martyn L, Weaver CM: Potassium Intake, Bioavailability, Hypertension, and Glucose Control. Nutrients. 2016 Jul 22;8(7). pii: nu8070444. doi: 10.3390/nu8070444. [Article]
- The American Heritage Science Dictionary (2018). Stedman's Medical Dictionary . Houghton Mifflin Company.
- Rost M. (2007). Drugs during prgnancy and lactation (2nd ed.). Academic press.
- Smith M. and Morton D. (2010). The digestive system (2nd ed.). Churchill Livingstone.
- German A., Maddison J. and Guilford G. (2008). Small animal clinical pharmacology (2nd ed.). Elsevier.
- FDA Code of Federal Regulations [Link]
- Potassium Bicarbonate Handbook [Link]
- Efferk monograph [Link]
- TITCK Product Information: Gaviscon Advance oral suspension [Link]
- External Links
- KEGG Compound
- C18606
- PubChem Compound
- 516893
- PubChem Substance
- 347827895
- ChemSpider
- 55053
- 34296
- ChEBI
- 81862
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL2106975
- Wikipedia
- Potassium_bicarbonate
- MSDS
- Download (108 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 3 Terminated Prevention Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis 1 2 Completed Treatment Barretts Esophagus With Dysplasia 1 2, 3 Completed Treatment Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) / Obesity / Reflux Acid 1 2, 3 Withdrawn Treatment Cystinuria 1 0 Not Yet Recruiting Prevention Kidney Stones 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet, effervescent Oral Capsule Oral Tablet Oral Tablet, effervescent Oral 391 mg/1 Tablet, effervescent Oral 782 mg/1 Tablet, effervescent Oral 977.5 mg/1 Suspension Oral 200 MG/10ML Tablet, chewable Oral Solution Oral Suspension Oral 200 mg/10ml Powder, for solution Oral Tablet, effervescent Oral 978 mg/1 Granule, effervescent Oral Powder Oral Suspension Oral Liquid Oral Tablet, effervescent Oral 25 meq/1 - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) Decomposes before melting 'MSDS' water solubility Soluble Stedman's Medical Dictionary. (2002) pKa 6.37 'MSDS' - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 681.0 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -0.08 ALOGPS logP 0.25 Chemaxon logS 0.83 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 3.5 Chemaxon Physiological Charge -1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 1 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 60.36 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 0 Chemaxon Refractivity 20.34 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 3.86 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS splash10-0005-9000000000-2f33a7dbccf10deaaed8 - Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 93.2040509 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 115.64761 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 117.55928 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 126.241356 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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Yes
Neutralizer
References
- Mandel KG, Daggy BP, Brodie DA, Jacoby HI: Review article: alginate-raft formulations in the treatment of heartburn and acid reflux. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Jun;14(6):669-90. [Article]
- German A., Maddison J. and Guilford G. (2008). Small animal clinical pharmacology (2nd ed.). Elsevier.
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Sodium:potassium:chloride symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Electrically silent transporter system. Mediates sodium and chloride reabsorption. Plays a vital role in the regulation of ionic balance and cell volume.
- Gene Name
- SLC12A2
- Uniprot ID
- P55011
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 12 member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 131445.825 Da
References
- Haas M: The Na-K-Cl cotransporters. Am J Physiol. 1994 Oct;267(4 Pt 1):C869-85. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.1994.267.4.C869. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Sodium:potassium:chloride symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Electrically silent transporter system. Mediates sodium and chloride reabsorption. Plays a vital role in the regulation of ionic balance and cell volume.
- Gene Name
- SLC12A1
- Uniprot ID
- Q13621
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 12 member 1
- Molecular Weight
- 121449.13 Da
References
- Haas M: The Na-K-Cl cotransporters. Am J Physiol. 1994 Oct;267(4 Pt 1):C869-85. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.1994.267.4.C869. [Article]
Drug created at December 03, 2015 16:51 / Updated at February 21, 2021 18:52