NAV

Viper antivenom

Identification

Summary

Viper antivenom is an equine-derived antivenin used to manage North American Pit viper envenomation.

Brand Names
Anavip
Generic Name
Viper antivenom
DrugBank Accession Number
DB14114
Background

Viper antivenom consists of antibodies derived from horses immunized and subsequently developed antibodies against snake venoms. ANAVIP, an equine-derived antivenom made with venom from Bothrops asper and Crotalus durissus, was first approved by the FDA on October 1, 2015, for the management of North American rattlesnake envenomation.1

Type
Biotech
Groups
Approved
Synonyms
  • Antivenin (bothrops atrox/crotalus adamanteus/crotalus atrox/crotalus durissus terrificus) (equine)
  • Antivenin (crotalidae) polyvalent (equine origin)
  • Antivenin (crotalidae) polyvalent (equine)
  • Antivenin crotaline (pit-viper) equine immune F(ab)2)
  • Antivenin, crotalidae polyvalent, equine
  • Antivenin,crotalidae polyvalent
  • Crotalid antivenin (equine)
  • Crotalidae immune F(ab')2 (equine)
  • Crotalidae polyvalent antivenin (equine)
  • Crotaline antivenin
  • Crotaline antivenin, polyvalent
  • Pit viper (crotalid) antivenin (equine)
  • Pit viper (crotalidae) antivenin (equine)
  • Pit viper (crotalinae) antivenin (equine)
  • Pit viper (crotalinae) immune antivenin (equine)
  • Pit viper (crotalinae) immune globulin (equine)
  • Pit viper (crotalinae) immune globulin antivenin (equine)
  • Pit viper (crotalinae) immunoglobulin (equine)
  • Polyvalent crotalidae antivenin
  • Polyvalent crotalidae antivenin (equine)
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Pharmacology

Indication

Equine-derived viper antivenom is indicated for the management of adult and pediatric patients with North American Pit Viper envenomation.2

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Management ofAmerican rattlesnake envenomation••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Viper antivenom works as an antidote to venom toxins of viper snakes.2

Mechanism of action

Viper antivenom contains venom-specific F(ab’)2 fragments of immunoglobulin G (IgG) that bind and neutralize venom toxins, facilitating redistribution away from target tissues and elimination from the body.2

Absorption

Following intravenous administration in healthy subjects, the mean (SD) area under plasma concentration versus time curve 4144 (670) µgxh/mL.2

Volume of distribution

Following intravenous administration in healthy subjects, the mean (SD) steady-state volume of distribution was 3.3 (0.9) L.2

Protein binding

There is no information available.

Metabolism

There is no information available.

Route of elimination

There is no information available.

Half-life

Following intravenous administration in healthy subjects, the mean (SD) elimination half-life was 133 (53) L.2

Clearance

Following intravenous administration in healthy subjects, the mean (SD) total clearance was 22 (7) mL/h.2

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

There is limited information available regarding the LD50 and overdose of viper antivenom.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
AnavipInjection, powder, lyophilized, for solution12 mg/1mLIntravenousRare Disease Therapeutics, Inc2015-05-06Not applicableUS flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
SUERO ANTIOFIDICO POLIVALENTE.Viper antivenom (70 mg) + Viper antivenom (10 mg)SolutionIntravenousINSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD2012-03-26Not applicableColombia flag
SUERO ANTIOFIDICO POLIVALENTE.Viper antivenom (70 mg) + Viper antivenom (10 mg)SolutionIntravenousINSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD2012-03-26Not applicableColombia flag

Categories

Drug Categories
Classification
Not classified
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
92VV7G83ED
CAS number
Not Available

References

General References
  1. Wilson BZ, Larsen J, Smelski G, Dudley S, Shirazi FM: Use of Crotalidae equine immune F(ab')2 antivenom for treatment of an Agkistrodon envenomation. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2021 Nov;59(11):1023-1026. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2021.1892718. Epub 2021 Mar 11. [Article]
  2. FDA Approved Drug Products: ANAVIP [crotalidae immune F(ab’)2 (equine)] Lyophilized Powder for Solution for Injection For Intravenous Use Only [Link]
RxNav
2101270

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
3CompletedTreatmentSnake Bite1
2CompletedTreatmentCoagulation Disorder / Snake Bite1
2SuspendedTreatmentDaboia Siamensis Envenoming1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solutionIntravenous12 mg/1mL
SolutionIntravenous
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Not Available
Experimental Properties
Not Available

Drug created at June 22, 2018 20:20 / Updated at October 12, 2023 21:51