Identification
- Generic Name
- Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB15723
- Background
The use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) for therapies is advantageous because of its ease of access, non-invasive collection procedures, and more plasticity for multi-differentiation. UCB contains a large source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that are capable of self-renewal, have increased sensitivity to various factors, and are able to generate erythroid and myeloid progenitor colonies. Specifically, the proliferation capacity of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear progenitor cells (HUCBC) are much higher than similar cells in bone marrow. From the UCB, mononuclear cells are isolated and cultured in medium, expanded, and differentiated into the desired cell type.
HUCBC CD34+ cells are cultured with various cytokines and interleukins to give rise to various cell types, from red blood cells, to B-, T-, and Natural Killer Cells. The content of these cells depends and changes based on the gestational age. Because HUCBC are largely immature, do not express class II HLA antigens, and do not produce as many cytokines and immunoglobulins as adult lymphocytes, transplantation with these cells means low levels of cytotoxicity and immunological reactions.
Cord blood transplants have been used to treat conditions from aplastic anemia, B-thalassemia, X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome, Hunter’s syndrome, acute lymphoid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, to neuroblastoma. This highlights the adaptive nature of these cells.
- Type
- Biotech
- Groups
- Investigational
- Biologic Classification
- Cell transplant therapies
Other cell transplant therapies - Synonyms
- Cord blood therapy
- HUCBCs
- External IDs
- Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Pharmacology
- Indication
Not Available
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Not Available
- Mechanism of action
The mononuclear cells originating from the hematopoietic stem cells in the umbilical cord blood are shown to have a higher immune tolerance in donors after transplants due to their immaturity and lack of class II HLA antigens. These cells are transplanted to treat various diseases, including hematological, oncological, cardiovascular, and even neurological-based pathologies. Currently, this type of therapy is being explored for the treatment of COVID-19 related effects.
- Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
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Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Not Available
- Classification
- Not classified
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- Not Available
- CAS number
- Not Available
References
- General References
- Rallapalli S, Guhathakurta S, Narayan S, Bishi DK, Balasubramanian V, Korrapati PS: Generation of clinical-grade red blood cells from human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells. Cell Tissue Res. 2019 Feb;375(2):437-449. doi: 10.1007/s00441-018-2919-6. Epub 2018 Oct 3. [Article]
- Aliyari Z, Alemi F, Brazvan B, Tayefi Nasrabadi H, Nozad Charoudeh H: CD26+ Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells Significantly Produce B, T, and NK Cells. Iran J Immunol. 2015 Mar;12(1):16-26. doi: IJIv12i1A2. [Article]
- Henning RJ, Abu-Ali H, Balis JU, Morgan MB, Willing AE, Sanberg PR: Human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Cell Transplant. 2004;13(7-8):729-39. doi: 10.3727/000000004783983477. [Article]
- Galieva LR, Mukhamedshina YO, Arkhipova SS, Rizvanov AA: Human Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Transplantation in Neuroregenerative Strategies. Front Pharmacol. 2017 Sep 8;8:628. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00628. eCollection 2017. [Article]
- External Links
- Not Available
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 0 Not Yet Recruiting Treatment Neurological Disorders / Spinal Cord Injuries / Stroke 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
- Not Available
- Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Not Available
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
Drug created at August 11, 2020 18:13 / Updated at August 13, 2020 07:02