Pro-opiomelanocortin

Details

Name
Pro-opiomelanocortin
Synonyms
  • Corticotropin-lipotropin
  • POMC
Gene Name
POMC
Organism
Humans
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016262|Pro-opiomelanocortin
MPRSCCSRSGALLLALLLQASMEVRGWCLESSQCQDLTTESNLLECIRACKPDLSAETPM
FPGNGDEQPLTENPRKYVMGHFRWDRFGRRNSSSSGSSGAGQKREDVSAGEDCGPLPEGG
PEPRSDGAKPGPREGKRSYSMEHFRWGKPVGKKRRPVKVYPNGAEDESAEAFPLEFKREL
TGQRLREGDGPDGPADDGAGAQADLEHSLLVAAEKKDEGPYRMEHFRWGSPPKDKRYGGF
MTSEKSQTPLVTLFKNAIIKNAYKKGE
Number of residues
267
Molecular Weight
29423.72
Theoretical pI
7.75
GO Classification
Functions
G-protein coupled receptor binding / hormone activity / receptor binding / type 1 melanocortin receptor binding / type 3 melanocortin receptor binding / type 4 melanocortin receptor binding
Processes
cell-cell signaling / cellular pigmentation / cellular protein metabolic process / generation of precursor metabolites and energy / glucose homeostasis / negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production / neuropeptide signaling pathway / peptide hormone processing / positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter / regulation of appetite / regulation of blood pressure / regulation of corticosterone secretion / regulation of glycogen metabolic process / signal transduction
Components
cytoplasm / extracellular region / extracellular space / peroxisomal matrix / secretory granule / secretory granule lumen
General Function
Type 4 melanocortin receptor binding
Specific Function
ACTH stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol.MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone) increases the pigmentation of skin by increasing melanin production in melanocytes.Beta-endorphin and Met-enkephalin are endogenous opiates.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Secreted
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016263|Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)
ATGCCGAGATCGTGCTGCAGCCGCTCGGGGGCCCTGTTGCTGGCCTTGCTGCTTCAGGCC
TCCATGGAAGTGCGTGGCTGGTGCCTGGAGAGCAGCCAGTGTCAGGACCTCACCACGGAA
AGCAACCTGCTGGAGTGCATCCGGGCCTGCAAGCCCGACCTCTCGGCCGAGACTCCCATG
TTCCCGGGAAATGGCGACGAGCAGCCTCTGACCGAGAACCCCCGGAAGTACGTCATGGGC
CACTTCCGCTGGGACCGATTCGGCCGCCGCAACAGCAGCAGCAGCGGCAGCAGCGGCGCA
GGGCAGAAGCGCGAGGACGTCTCAGCGGGCGAAGACTGCGGCCCGCTGCCTGAGGGCGGC
CCCGAGCCCCGCAGCGATGGTGCCAAGCCGGGCCCGCGCGAGGGCAAGCGCTCCTACTCC
ATGGAGCACTTCCGCTGGGGCAAGCCGGTGGGCAAGAAGCGGCGCCCAGTGAAGGTGTAC
CCTAACGGCGCCGAGGACGAGTCGGCCGAGGCCTTCCCCCTGGAGTTCAAGAGGGAGCTG
ACTGGCCAGCGACTCCGGGAGGGAGATGGCCCCGACGGCCCTGCCGATGACGGCGCAGGG
GCCCAGGCCGACCTGGAGCACAGCCTGCTGGTGGCGGCCGAGAAGAAGGACGAGGGCCCC
TACAGGATGGAGCACTTCCGCTGGGGCAGCCCGCCCAAGGACAAGCGCTACGGCGGTTTC
ATGACCTCCGAGAAGAGCCAGACGCCCCTGGTGACGCTGTTCAAAAACGCCATCATCAAG
AACGCCTACAAGAAGGGCGAGTGA
Chromosome Location
2
Locus
2p23.3
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDP01189
UniProtKB Entry NameCOLI_HUMAN
GenBank Protein ID190188
GenBank Gene IDM38297
GenAtlas IDPOMC
HGNC IDHGNC:9201
General References
  1. Takahashi H, Teranishi Y, Nakanishi S, Numa S: Isolation and structural organization of the human corticotropin--beta-lipotropin precursor gene. FEBS Lett. 1981 Nov 30;135(1):97-102. [Article]
  2. Whitfeld PL, Seeburg PH, Shine J: The human pro-opiomelanocortin gene: organization, sequence, and interspersion with repetitive DNA. DNA. 1982;1(2):133-43. [Article]
  3. Takahashi H, Hakamata Y, Watanabe Y, Kikuno R, Miyata T, Numa S: Complete nucleotide sequence of the human corticotropin-beta-lipotropin precursor gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Oct 11;11(19):6847-58. [Article]
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  6. Golovin SIa, Karginov VA, Bondar' AA, Beklemishev AB, Chekhranova MK: [Synthesis, cloning and primary structure of DNA complementary to mRNA for human pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin]. Bioorg Khim. 1987 Apr;13(4):562-4. [Article]
  7. Chang AC, Cochet M, Cohen SN: Structural organization of human genomic DNA encoding the pro-opiomelanocortin peptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Aug;77(8):4890-4. [Article]
  8. Seidah NG, Chretien M: Complete amino acid sequence of a human pituitary glycopeptide: an important maturation product of pro-opiomelanocortin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jul;78(7):4236-40. [Article]
  9. Seidah NG, Rochemont J, Hamelin J, Lis M, Chretien M: Primary structure of the major human pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin NH2-terminal glycopeptide. Evidence for an aldosterone-stimulating activity. J Biol Chem. 1981 Aug 10;256(15):7977-84. [Article]
  10. Seidah NG, Rochemont J, Hamelin J, Benjannet S, Chretien M: The missing fragment of the pro-sequence of human pro-opiomelanocortin: sequence and evidence for C-terminal amidation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1981 Sep 30;102(2):710-6. [Article]
  11. Bennett HP, Lowry PJ, McMartin C: Confirmation of the 1-20 amino acid sequence of human adrenocorticotrophin. Biochem J. 1973 May;133(1):11-3. [Article]
  12. LEE TH, LERNER AB, BUETTNER-JANUSCH V: On the structure of human corticotropin (adrenocorticotropic hormone). J Biol Chem. 1961 Nov;236:2970-4. [Article]
  13. Zhang Z, Henzel WJ: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites. Protein Sci. 2004 Oct;13(10):2819-24. Epub 2004 Aug 31. [Article]
  14. Riniker B, Sieber P, Rittel W, Zuber H: Revised amino-acid sequences for porcine and human adrenocorticotrophic hormone. Nat New Biol. 1972 Jan 26;235(56):114-5. [Article]
  15. Sieber P, Rittel W, Riniker B: [Synthesis of the human adrenal cortex hormone ( h ACTH) with a revised amino acid sequence]. Helv Chim Acta. 1972;55(4):1243-66. [Article]
  16. Yamashiro D, Li CH: Adrenocorticotropins. 44. Total synthesis of the human hormone by the solid-phase method. J Am Chem Soc. 1973 Feb 21;95(4):1310-5. [Article]
  17. Li CH, Chung D: Primary structure of human beta-lipotropin. Nature. 1976 Apr 15;260(5552):622-4. [Article]
  18. Dragon N, Seidah NG, Lis M, Routhier R, Chretien M: Primary structure and morphine-like activity of human beta-endorphin. Can J Biochem. 1977 Jun;55(6):666-70. [Article]
  19. Bovenberg RA, Burbach JP, Wiegant VM, Veeneman GH, van Boom JH, Baas PD, Jansz HS, de Wied D: gamma-Endorphin and schizophrenia: amino acid composition of gamma-endorphin and nucleotide sequence of gamma-endorphin cDNA from pituitary glands of schizophrenic patients. Brain Res. 1986 Jun 18;376(1):29-37. [Article]
  20. Fenger M, Johnsen AH: Alpha-amidated peptides derived from pro-opiomelanocortin in normal human pituitary. Biochem J. 1988 Mar 15;250(3):781-8. [Article]
  21. Morris JC, Savva D, Lowry PJ: Reduced expression of a naturally deleted form of human proopiomelanocortin complementary deoxyribonucleic acid after transfection into Chinese hamster ovary cells. Endocrinology. 1995 Jan;136(1):195-201. [Article]
  22. Krude H, Biebermann H, Luck W, Horn R, Brabant G, Gruters A: Severe early-onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency and red hair pigmentation caused by POMC mutations in humans. Nat Genet. 1998 Jun;19(2):155-7. [Article]
  23. Baker M, Gaukrodger N, Mayosi BM, Imrie H, Farrall M, Watkins H, Connell JM, Avery PJ, Keavney B: Association between common polymorphisms of the proopiomelanocortin gene and body fat distribution: a family study. Diabetes. 2005 Aug;54(8):2492-6. [Article]
  24. Beranova-Giorgianni S, Zhao Y, Desiderio DM, Giorgianni F: Phosphoproteomic analysis of the human pituitary. Pituitary. 2006;9(2):109-20. [Article]
  25. Hinney A, Becker I, Heibult O, Nottebom K, Schmidt A, Ziegler A, Mayer H, Siegfried W, Blum WF, Remschmidt H, Hebebrand J: Systematic mutation screening of the pro-opiomelanocortin gene: identification of several genetic variants including three different insertions, one nonsense and two missense point mutations in probands of different weight extremes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Oct;83(10):3737-41. [Article]
  26. Echwald SM, Sorensen TI, Andersen T, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Clausen JO, Pedersen O: Mutational analysis of the proopiomelanocortin gene in Caucasians with early onset obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999 Mar;23(3):293-8. [Article]
  27. Miraglia del Giudice E, Cirillo G, Santoro N, D'Urso L, Carbone MT, Di Toro R, Perrone L: Molecular screening of the proopiomelanocortin (POMC ) gene in Italian obese children: report of three new mutations. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001 Jan;25(1):61-7. [Article]
  28. Challis BG, Pritchard LE, Creemers JW, Delplanque J, Keogh JM, Luan J, Wareham NJ, Yeo GS, Bhattacharyya S, Froguel P, White A, Farooqi IS, O'Rahilly S: A missense mutation disrupting a dibasic prohormone processing site in pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) increases susceptibility to early-onset obesity through a novel molecular mechanism. Hum Mol Genet. 2002 Aug 15;11(17):1997-2004. [Article]

Drug Relations

Drug Relations
DrugBank IDNameDrug groupPharmacological action?ActionsDetails
DB00836LoperamideapprovedunknownmodulatorDetails
DB01497Etorphineillicit, vet_approvedunknownDetails
DB01565Dihydromorphineexperimental, illicitunknownagonistDetails