Cholera enterotoxin subunit B

Details

Name
Cholera enterotoxin subunit B
Synonyms
  • Cholera enterotoxin B chain
  • Cholera enterotoxin gamma chain
  • Choleragenoid
  • toxB
Gene Name
ctxB
Organism
Vibrio cholerae serotype O1 (strain ATCC 39315 / El Tor Inaba N16961)
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016453|Cholera enterotoxin subunit B
MIKLKFGVFFTVLLSSAYAHGTPQNITDLCAEYHNTQIYTLNDKIFSYTESLAGKREMAI
ITFKNGAIFQVEVPGSQHIDSQKKAIERMKDTLRIAYLTEAKVEKLCVWNNKTPHAIAAI
SMAN
Number of residues
124
Molecular Weight
13957.055
Theoretical pI
9.09
GO Classification
Functions
host cell surface binding
Processes
killing of cells of other organism / pathogenesis / positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein / protein ADP-ribosylation
Components
extracellular region / host cell plasma membrane / membrane
General Function
Host cell surface binding
Specific Function
The B subunit pentameric ring directs the A subunit to its target by binding to the GM1 gangliosides present on the surface of the intestinal epithelial cells. It can bind five GM1 gangliosides. It has no toxic activity by itself.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Secreted
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016454|Cholera enterotoxin subunit B (ctxB)
ATGATTAAATTAAAATTTGGTGTTTTTTTTACAGTTTTACTATCTTCAGCATATGCACAT
GGAACACCTCAAAATATTACTGATTTGTGTGCAGAATACCACAACACACAAATATATACG
CTAAATGATAAGATATTTTCGTATACAGAATCTCTAGCTGGAAAAAGAGAGATGGCTATC
ATTACTTTTAAGAATGGTGCAATTTTTCAAGTAGAAGTACCAGGTAGTCAACATATAGAT
TCACAAAAAAAAGCGATTGAAAGGATGAAGGATACCCTGAGGATTGCATATCTTACTGAA
GCTAAAGTCGAAAAGTTATGTGTATGGAATAATAAAACGCCTCATGCGATTGCCGCAATT
AGTATGGCAAATTAA
Chromosome Location
Not Available
Locus
Not Available
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDP01556
UniProtKB Entry NameCHTB_VIBCH
GenBank Protein ID48348
GenBank Gene IDX00171
General References
  1. Lockman H, Kaper JB: Nucleotide sequence analysis of the A2 and B subunits of Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin. J Biol Chem. 1983 Nov 25;258(22):13722-6. [Article]
  2. Mekalanos JJ, Swartz DJ, Pearson GD, Harford N, Groyne F, de Wilde M: Cholera toxin genes: nucleotide sequence, deletion analysis and vaccine development. Nature. 1983 Dec 8-14;306(5943):551-7. [Article]
  3. Lebens M, Holmgren J: Structure and arrangement of the cholera toxin genes in Vibrio cholerae O139. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1994 Apr 1;117(2):197-202. [Article]
  4. Heidelberg JF, Eisen JA, Nelson WC, Clayton RA, Gwinn ML, Dodson RJ, Haft DH, Hickey EK, Peterson JD, Umayam L, Gill SR, Nelson KE, Read TD, Tettelin H, Richardson D, Ermolaeva MD, Vamathevan J, Bass S, Qin H, Dragoi I, Sellers P, McDonald L, Utterback T, Fleishmann RD, Nierman WC, White O, Salzberg SL, Smith HO, Colwell RR, Mekalanos JJ, Venter JC, Fraser CM: DNA sequence of both chromosomes of the cholera pathogen Vibrio cholerae. Nature. 2000 Aug 3;406(6795):477-83. [Article]
  5. Kurosky A, Markel DE, Peterson JW: Covalent structure of the beta chain of cholera enterotoxin. J Biol Chem. 1977 Oct 25;252(20):7257-64. [Article]
  6. Lai CY: Determination of the primary structure of cholera toxin B subunit. J Biol Chem. 1977 Oct 25;252(20):7249-56. [Article]
  7. Gill DM: The arrangement of subunits in cholera toxin. Biochemistry. 1976 Mar 23;15(6):1242-8. [Article]
  8. Fujinaga Y, Wolf AA, Rodighiero C, Wheeler H, Tsai B, Allen L, Jobling MG, Rapoport T, Holmes RK, Lencer WI: Gangliosides that associate with lipid rafts mediate transport of cholera and related toxins from the plasma membrane to endoplasmic reticulm. Mol Biol Cell. 2003 Dec;14(12):4783-93. Epub 2003 Sep 17. [Article]
  9. Merritt EA, Sarfaty S, van den Akker F, L'Hoir C, Martial JA, Hol WG: Crystal structure of cholera toxin B-pentamer bound to receptor GM1 pentasaccharide. Protein Sci. 1994 Feb;3(2):166-75. [Article]
  10. Zhang RG, Westbrook ML, Westbrook EM, Scott DL, Otwinowski Z, Maulik PR, Reed RA, Shipley GG: The 2.4 A crystal structure of cholera toxin B subunit pentamer: choleragenoid. J Mol Biol. 1995 Aug 25;251(4):550-62. [Article]
  11. Merritt EA, Sarfaty S, Jobling MG, Chang T, Holmes RK, Hirst TR, Hol WG: Structural studies of receptor binding by cholera toxin mutants. Protein Sci. 1997 Jul;6(7):1516-28. [Article]
  12. Aman AT, Fraser S, Merritt EA, Rodigherio C, Kenny M, Ahn M, Hol WG, Williams NA, Lencer WI, Hirst TR: A mutant cholera toxin B subunit that binds GM1- ganglioside but lacks immunomodulatory or toxic activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Jul 17;98(15):8536-41. Epub 2001 Jul 10. [Article]
  13. Pickens JC, Merritt EA, Ahn M, Verlinde CL, Hol WG, Fan E: Anchor-based design of improved cholera toxin and E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin receptor binding antagonists that display multiple binding modes. Chem Biol. 2002 Feb;9(2):215-24. [Article]
  14. Zhang Z, Merritt EA, Ahn M, Roach C, Hou Z, Verlinde CL, Hol WG, Fan E: Solution and crystallographic studies of branched multivalent ligands that inhibit the receptor-binding of cholera toxin. J Am Chem Soc. 2002 Nov 6;124(44):12991-8. [Article]

Drug Relations

Drug Relations
DrugBank IDNameDrug groupPharmacological action?ActionsDetails
DB02213Metanitrophenyl-Alpha-D-GalactosideexperimentalunknownDetails
DB02474BMSC-0013experimentalunknownDetails
DB025721,3-bis-([3-[3-[3-(4-{3-[3-nitro-5-(galactopyranosyloxy)-benzoylamino]-propyl}-piperazin-1-yl)-propylamino-3,4-dioxo-cyclobutenyl]-amino-propoxy-ethoxy-ethoxy]-propyl-]amino-carbonyloxy)-2-amino-propaneexperimentalunknownDetails
DB02574BV2experimentalunknownDetails
DB028023-(alpha-D-Galactopyranosyloxy)-5-nitrobenzamideexperimentalunknownDetails
DB029031,3-bis-([[3-(4-{3-[3-nitro-5-(galactopyranosyloxy)-benzoylamino]-propyl}-piperazin-1-yl)-propylamino-3,4-dioxo-cyclobutenyl]-amino-ethyl]-amino-carbonyloxy)-2-amino-propaneexperimentalunknownDetails
DB030773-Amino-4-{3-[2-(2-Propoxy-Ethoxy)-Ethoxy]-Propylamino}-Cyclobut-3-Ene-1,2-DioneexperimentalunknownDetails
DB03235N-{3-[4-(3-aminopropyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl}-3-(alpha-D-galactopyranosyloxy)-5-nitrobenzamideexperimentalunknownDetails
DB03524N-[3-[4-(3-aminopropyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl]-3-[(2-thiophen-2-ylacetyl)amino]-5-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybenzamideexperimentalunknownDetails
DB03721N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminic acidexperimentalunknownDetails
DB04073N-{3-[4-(3-amino-propyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-propyl}-3-nitro-5-(galactopyranosyl)-beta-benzamideexperimentalunknownDetails
DB042103-(alpha-D-galactopyranosyloxy)-N-(3-{4-[3-({2-[(3-{4-[3-({[3-(hexopyranosyloxy)-5-nitrophenyl]carbonyl}amino)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}propyl)amino]-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl}amino)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}propyl)-5-nitrobenzamideexperimentalunknownDetails
DB02379Beta-D-GlucoseexperimentalunknownDetails