Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic

Details

Name
Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic
Synonyms
  • 2.6.1.1
  • cAspAT
  • cCAT
  • Cysteine aminotransferase, cytoplasmic
  • Cysteine transaminase, cytoplasmic
  • Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1
  • Transaminase A
Gene Name
GOT1
Organism
Humans
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0037039|Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic
MAPPSVFAEVPQAQPVLVFKLTADFREDPDPRKVNLGVGAYRTDDCHPWVLPVVKKVEQK
IANDNSLNHEYLPILGLAEFRSCASRLALGDDSPALKEKRVGGVQSLGGTGALRIGADFL
ARWYNGTNNKNTPVYVSSPTWENHNAVFSAAGFKDIRSYRYWDAEKRGLDLQGFLNDLEN
APEFSIVVLHACAHNPTGIDPTPEQWKQIASVMKHRFLFPFFDSAYQGFASGNLERDAWA
IRYFVSEGFEFFCAQSFSKNFGLYNERVGNLTVVGKEPESILQVLSQMEKIVRITWSNPP
AQGARIVASTLSNPELFEEWTGNVKTMADRILTMRSELRARLEALKTPGTWNHITDQIGM
FSFTGLNPKQVEYLVNEKHIYLLPSGRINVSGLTTKNLDYVATSIHEAVTKIQ
Number of residues
413
Molecular Weight
46247.14
Theoretical pI
7.01
GO Classification
Functions
carboxylic acid binding / identical protein binding / L-aspartate / L-cysteine / L-phenylalanine / phosphatidylserine decarboxylase activity / pyridoxal phosphate binding
Processes
2-oxoglutarate metabolic process / aspartate biosynthetic process / aspartate catabolic process / aspartate metabolic process / carbohydrate metabolic process / cellular amino acid biosynthetic process / cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process / cellular response to insulin stimulus / fatty acid homeostasis / gluconeogenesis / glucose metabolic process / glutamate catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate / glutamate catabolic process to aspartate / glutamate metabolic process / glycerol biosynthetic process / L-methionine biosynthetic process from methylthioadenosine / Notch signaling pathway / oxaloacetate metabolic process / polyamine metabolic process / response to glucocorticoid / small molecule metabolic process / sulfur amino acid metabolic process
Components
axon terminus / cytoplasm / cytosol / extracellular exosome / lysosome / nucleus
General Function
Pyridoxal phosphate binding
Specific Function
Biosynthesis of L-glutamate from L-aspartate or L-cysteine. Important regulator of levels of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the vertebrate central nervous system. Acts as a scavenger of glutamate in brain neuroprotection. The aspartate aminotransferase activity is involved in hepatic glucose synthesis during development and in adipocyte glyceroneogenesis. Using L-cysteine as substrate, regulates levels of mercaptopyruvate, an important source of hydrogen sulfide. Mercaptopyruvate is converted into H(2)S via the action of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST). Hydrogen sulfide is an important synaptic modulator and neuroprotectant in the brain.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Cytoplasm
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0010371|Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic (GOT1)
ATGGCACCTCCGTCAGTCTTTGCCGAGGTTCCGCAGGCCCAGCCTGTCCTGGTCTTCAAG
CTCACTGCCGACTTCAGGGAGGATCCGGACCCCCGCAAGGTCAACCTGGGAGTGGGAGCA
TATCGCACGGATGACTGCCATCCCTGGGTTTTGCCAGTAGTGAAGAAAGTGGAGCAGAAG
ATTGCTAATGACAATAGCCTAAATCACGAGTATCTGCCAATCCTGGGCCTGGCTGAGTTC
CGGAGCTGTGCTTCTCGTCTTGCCCTTGGGGATGACAGCCCAGCACTCAAGGAGAAGCGG
GTAGGAGGTGTGCAATCTTTGGGGGGAACAGGTGCACTTCGAATTGGAGCTGATTTCTTA
GCGCGTTGGTACAATGGAACAAACAACAAGAACACACCTGTCTATGTGTCCTCACCAACC
TGGGAGAATCACAATGCTGTGTTTTCCGCTGCTGGTTTTAAAGACATTCGGTCCTATCGC
TACTGGGATGCAGAGAAGAGAGGATTGGACCTCCAGGGCTTCCTGAATGATCTGGAGAAT
GCTCCTGAGTTCTCCATTGTTGTCCTCCACGCCTGTGCACACAACCCAACTGGGATTGAC
CCAACTCCGGAGCAGTGGAAGCAGATTGCTTCTGTCATGAAGCACCGGTTTCTGTTCCCC
TTCTTTGACTCAGCCTATCAGGGCTTCGCATCTGGAAACCTGGAGAGAGATGCCTGGGCC
ATTCGCTATTTTGTGTCTGAAGGCTTCGAGTTCTTCTGTGCCCAGTCCTTCTCCAAGAAC
TTCGGGCTCTACAATGAGAGAGTCGGGAATCTGACTGTGGTTGGAAAAGAACCTGAGAGC
ATCCTGCAAGTCCTTTCCCAGATGGAGAAGATCGTGCGGATTACTTGGTCCAATCCCCCC
GCCCAGGGAGCACGAATTGTGGCCAGCACCCTCTCTAACCCTGAGCTCTTTGAGGAATGG
ACAGGTAATGTGAAGACAATGGCTGACCGGATTCTGACCATGAGATCTGAACTCAGGGCA
CGACTAGAAGCCCTCAAAACCCCTGGGACCTGGAACCACATCACTGATCAAATTGGCATG
TTCAGCTTCACTGGGTTGAACCCCAAGCAGGTTGAGTATCTGGTCAATGAAAAGCACATC
TACCTGCTGCCAAGTGGTCGAATCAACGTGAGTGGCTTAACCACCAAAAATCTAGATTAC
GTGGCCACCTCCATCCATGAAGCAGTCACCAAAATCCAGTGA
Chromosome Location
10
Locus
10q24.1-q25.1
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDP17174
UniProtKB Entry NameAATC_HUMAN
GenBank Protein ID179067
GenBank Gene IDM37400
GenAtlas IDGOT1
HGNC IDHGNC:4432
General References
  1. Bousquet-Lemercier B, Pol S, Pave-Preux M, Hanoune J, Barouki R: Properties of human liver cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase mRNAs generated by alternative polyadenylation site selection. Biochemistry. 1990 Jun 5;29(22):5293-9. [Article]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [Article]
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  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [Article]
  5. Doyle JM, Schinina ME, Bossa F, Doonan S: The amino acid sequence of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase from human liver. Biochem J. 1990 Sep 15;270(3):651-7. [Article]
  6. D'Aniello A, Fisher G, Migliaccio N, Cammisa G, D'Aniello E, Spinelli P: Amino acids and transaminases activity in ventricular CSF and in brain of normal and Alzheimer patients. Neurosci Lett. 2005 Nov 4;388(1):49-53. [Article]
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  8. Shen H, Damcott C, Shuldiner SR, Chai S, Yang R, Hu H, Gibson Q, Ryan KA, Mitchell BD, Gong DW: Genome-wide association study identifies genetic variants in GOT1 determining serum aspartate aminotransferase levels. J Hum Genet. 2011 Nov;56(11):801-5. doi: 10.1038/jhg.2011.105. Epub 2011 Sep 8. [Article]
  9. Zlotnik A, Tsesis S, Gruenbaum BF, Ohayon S, Gruenbaum SE, Boyko M, Sheiner E, Brotfain E, Shapira Y, Teichberg VI: Relationship between glutamate, GOT and GPT levels in maternal and fetal blood: a potential mechanism for fetal neuroprotection. Early Hum Dev. 2012 Sep;88(9):773-8. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.05.001. Epub 2012 May 26. [Article]
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Drug Relations

Drug Relations
DrugBank IDNameDrug groupPharmacological action?ActionsDetails
DB00114Pyridoxal phosphateapproved, investigational, nutraceuticalunknownactivatorDetails
DB00128Aspartic acidapproved, nutraceuticalunknownDetails
DB00151Cysteineapproved, nutraceuticalunknownsubstrateDetails
DB00142Glutamic acidapproved, nutraceuticalunknownDetails
DB04299Maleic acidexperimentalunknownDetails
DB09130Copperapproved, investigationalunknownDetails
DB00210AdapaleneapprovedunknowninhibitorDetails
DB00114Pyridoxal phosphateapproved, investigational, nutraceuticalunknowncofactorDetails
DB00142Glutamic acidapproved, nutraceuticalunknownsubstrateDetails