Stannous fluoride

Identification

Summary

Stannous fluoride is a medication used to treat dental hypersensitivity, produce enamel, prevent gingivitis and cavities, and prevent periodontal infections.

Brand Names
Doctor's Choice, Gelato Perio Rinse, Gingi Med, Kid's Choice, PerioMed, Prodenrx Rinse
Generic Name
Stannous fluoride
DrugBank Accession Number
DB11092
Background

Stannous Fluoride, or Tn(II) Fluoride, is a compound commonly used in toothpastes for the prevention of gingivitis, dental infections, cavities, and to relieve dental hypersensitivity. Although similar in function and activity to Sodium Fluoride (NaF), the conventionally added ingredient in toothpastes, stannous fluoride has been shown to be more effective at stopping and reversing dental lesions 2. It manages and prevents dental caries and gingivitis by promoting enamel mineralization 1, reducing gingival inflammation and bleeding 3,4 through its potential broad-spectrum antibiotic effect and modulation of the microbial composition of the dental biofilm 2. It is an FDA-approved over-the-counter product.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 156.71
Monoisotopic: 157.899002981
Chemical Formula
F2Sn
Synonyms
  • difluorostannylene
  • fluoristan
  • Stannous fluoride
  • tin difluoride
  • Tin(II) fluoride

Pharmacology

Indication

Indicated for use to relieve dental hypersensitivity, increase enamel production, prevent gingivitis and cavities, and control periodontal infections.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Prevention ofDental cavity••• ••••••• ••••••••••• •••••• ••••••••••
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Pharmacodynamics

Stannous fluoride mediates both bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties and provides an anti-erosive action on tooth enamel.

Mechanism of action

Stannous fluoride has been shown to manage and prevent dental caries and gingivitis by promoting enamel mineralization, reducing gingival inflammation and bleeding, its potential broad-spectrum antibiotic effect, and through modulation of the microbial composition of the dental biofilm. It works by depositing a stable acid-resistant layer on the tooth surfaces which is composed of calcium fluoride produced when stannous fluoride converts the calcium mineral apatite into fluorapatite. Tin and fluoride mediate anti-erosive actions by interacting with and modifying the absorbent layer composed of salivary proteins such as mucins, perhaps by enhancing the cross-linking between the proteins to result in a more resistant and protective layer against erosion 1. The efficacy of stannous fluoride solutions seems to depend mainly on the incorporation of tin in the mineralized dentine when the organic portion is preserved but on surface precipitation when the organic portion is continuously digested. Moreover, the relative erosion-inhibiting effects of stannous fluoride strongly depend on the presence or absence of the demineralized organic dentine matrix 6.

Absorption

Tin is retained in the demineralized organic matrix to some extent, diffuses through the phosphorylated non-collagenous proteins in the dentine called phosphophoryn and accumulates in the underlying mineralized tissue.

Volume of distribution

Stannous fluoride is cleared from saliva rapidly but very well retained in gingival plaque for a prolonged period of time 7.

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Materials introduced into the oral cavity can be eliminated by salivary washout and swallowing, absorption through oral surfaces, or degradation 7.

Half-life

The half-life for the decay of the salivary elimination rate constant was 13 min 7.

Clearance

Stimulated and nonstimulated salivary elimination microrate constants in this case would be ∼1 and 0.5 min^−1, respectively 7.

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

The oral LD50 value in rats is 360mg/kg and the dermal LD50 value is >2000mg/kg. Repeated or prolonged dermal contact can cause irritant symptoms such as reddening of the skin, blisters, or dermatitis.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Active Moieties
NameKindUNIICASInChI Key
Fluoride ionionicQ80VPU408O16984-48-8KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
BurkhartConcentrate0.3408 g/284gDentalBurkhart Dental Supply Inc2013-02-01Not applicableUS flag
BurkhartConcentrate0.3408 g/284gDentalBurkhart Dental Supply Inc2013-02-01Not applicableUS flag
Doctors ChoiceGel, dentifrice0.12 g/120gOralMassco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals1989-01-01Not applicableUS flag
Doctors ChoiceGel, dentifrice0.12 g/120gOralMassco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals1989-01-01Not applicableUS flag
Doctors ChoiceGel, dentifrice0.12 g/120gOralMassco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals1989-01-01Not applicableUS flag
Over the Counter Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
0.4% Stannous Fluoride Brush On GelGel0.4 %DentalPdt Image Inc. Dba Pro Dentec Canada1995-12-312009-06-15Canada flag
0.63% Stannous Fluor. Oral Rinse ConcentrateLiquid0.63 %DentalPdt Image Inc. Dba Pro Dentec Canada1995-12-312009-06-15Canada flag
1.64% Stan. Fluor. Office Rinse ConcentrateLiquid1.64 %DentalPdt Image Inc. Dba Pro Dentec Canada1995-12-311999-07-30Canada flag
3.28% Stannous Fluor. Irrigation ConcentrateLiquid3.28 %DentalPdt Image Inc. Dba Pro Dentec Canada1995-12-311999-07-30Canada flag
BurkhartGel0.116 g/120gDentalBurkhart Dental Supply Inc2013-01-05Not applicableUS flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Perfect Choice 0.717% Root and Dentin DesensStannous fluoride (.4 %) + Hydrogen fluoride (.14 %) + Sodium fluoride (1.09 %)LiquidDentalChallenge Products Inc.1996-08-282001-07-27Canada flag
PhosphotecStannous fluoride (0.4 mg/1) + Sodium pyrophosphate (40 mg/1)Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solutionIntravenousBracco Diagnostics, Inc1976-10-202007-09-30US flag
Pro-dentx Comfort Dentin DesensitizerStannous fluoride (0.41 %) + Hydrogen fluoride (0.045 %) + Sodium fluoride (1.31 %)LiquidDental; OralPdt Image Inc. Dba Pro Dentec Canada1997-05-122007-10-23Canada flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
BurkhartStannous fluoride (0.3408 g/284g)ConcentrateDentalBurkhart Dental Supply Inc2013-02-01Not applicableUS flag
BurkhartStannous fluoride (0.3408 g/284g)ConcentrateDentalBurkhart Dental Supply Inc2013-02-01Not applicableUS flag
Doctors ChoiceStannous fluoride (0.12 g/120g)Gel, dentifriceOralMassco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals1989-01-01Not applicableUS flag
Doctors ChoiceStannous fluoride (0.12 g/120g)Gel, dentifriceOralMassco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals1989-01-01Not applicableUS flag
Doctors ChoiceStannous fluoride (0.12 g/120g)Gel, dentifriceOralMassco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals1989-01-01Not applicableUS flag

Categories

ATC Codes
A01AA04 — Stannous fluoride
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as post-transition metal fluorides. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest halogen atom is fluorine, and the heaviest metal atom is a post-transition metal.
Kingdom
Inorganic compounds
Super Class
Mixed metal/non-metal compounds
Class
Post-transition metal salts
Sub Class
Post-transition metal fluorides
Direct Parent
Post-transition metal fluorides
Alternative Parents
Inorganic tin salts
Substituents
Inorganic salt / Inorganic tin salt / Post-transition metal fluoride
Molecular Framework
Not Available
External Descriptors
Not Available
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
3FTR44B32Q
CAS number
7783-47-3
InChI Key
ANOBYBYXJXCGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L
InChI
InChI=1S/2FH.Sn/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2
IUPAC Name
difluorostannanylidene
SMILES
F[Sn]F

References

General References
  1. Algarni AA, Mussi MC, Moffa EB, Lippert F, Zero DT, Siqueira WL, Hara AT: The impact of stannous, fluoride ions and its combination on enamel pellicle proteome and dental erosion prevention. PLoS One. 2015 Jun 1;10(6):e0128196. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128196. eCollection 2015. [Article]
  2. Cheng X, Liu J, Li J, Zhou X, Wang L, Liu J, Xu X: Comparative effect of a stannous fluoride toothpaste and a sodium fluoride toothpaste on a multispecies biofilm. Arch Oral Biol. 2017 Feb;74:5-11. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.10.030. Epub 2016 Oct 29. [Article]
  3. Mallatt M, Mankodi S, Bauroth K, Bsoul SA, Bartizek RD, He T: A controlled 6-month clinical trial to study the effects of a stannous fluoride dentifrice on gingivitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 Sep;34(9):762-7. Epub 2007 Jul 23. [Article]
  4. He T, Barker ML, Biesbrock A, Miner M, Amini P, Goyal CR, Qaqish J: Evaluation of anti-gingivitis benefits of stannous fluoride dentifrice among triclosan dentifrice users. Am J Dent. 2013 Aug;26(4):175-9. [Article]
  5. NEVITT GA, WITTER DH, BOWMAN WD: Topical applications of sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride. Public Health Rep. 1958 Sep;73(9):847-50. [Article]
  6. Ganss C, Hardt M, Lussi A, Cocks AK, Klimek J, Schlueter N: Mechanism of action of tin-containing fluoride solutions as anti-erosive agents in dentine - an in vitro tin-uptake, tissue loss, and scanning electron microscopy study. Eur J Oral Sci. 2010 Aug;118(4):376-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00742.x. [Article]
  7. Scott DC, Coggan JW, Cruze CA, He T, Johnson RD: Topical oral cavity pharmacokinetic modeling of a stannous fluoride dentifrice: an unusual two compartment model. J Pharm Sci. 2009 Oct;98(10):3862-70. doi: 10.1002/jps.21691. [Article]
KEGG Drug
D05919
PubChem Compound
24550
PubChem Substance
347827893
ChemSpider
22956
RxNav
10030
ChEBI
135933
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1909079
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Tin(II)_fluoride
MSDS
Download (201 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedTreatmentGingivitis6
4CompletedTreatmentGingivitis / Plaque, Dental3
4CompletedTreatmentHypersensitivity Dentin / Periodontal Disease1
3CompletedTreatmentDentin Sensitivity1
3CompletedTreatmentDentine Hypersensitivity5

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
GelDental0.4 %
LiquidDental0.63 %
LiquidDental1.64 %
LiquidDental3.28 %
ConcentrateDental0.3408 g/284g
GelDental0.116 g/120g
GelTopical0.969 mg/1g
Gel, dentifriceDental1.1 mg/1g
Paste, dentifriceDental1.1 mg/1g
Kit; paste, dentifriceDental1.5 mg/1g
Paste, dentifriceDental1.5 mg/1g
Paste, dentifriceDental1.4 mg/1g
Paste, dentifriceDental1.6 mg/1g
KitDental1.5 mg/1g
Gel, dentifriceDental1.6 mg/1g
Gel, dentifriceDental1.4 mg/1g
Paste, dentifriceOral0.14 g/100g
Paste, dentifriceDental0.15 g/100g
Paste, dentifriceDental0.454 g/100g
Gel, dentifriceOral0.12 g/120g
PasteDental1.5 mg/1g
Paste, dentifriceDental0.00454 g/1g
GelDental0.00400 g/1g
RinseDental0.63 mg/100mL
Paste, dentifriceDental0.454 mg/100g
LiquidOral1.53 mg/1g
RinseOral630 mg/1000mL
GelDental; Topical0.4 %
GelDental; Oral0.4 %
LiquidDental; Topical1.64 %
Gel, dentifriceDental1 mg/1g
ConcentrateDental0.340 g/283.5g
LiquidOral0.19 g/100g
Gel, dentifriceDental0.4 mg/100g
MouthwashDental0.63 mg/100mL
GelOral0.969 mg/1g
GelOral4 mg/1g
PasteDental1.4 mg/1g
KitOral6.3 mg/1mL
Paste, dentifriceDental; Topical.4 %
Paste, dentifriceDental0.454 %
LiquidTopical16 1/1mg
RinseDental; Topical16.4 mg/1mL
LiquidDental
Kit; liquidBuccal; Dental3.28 %
LiquidOral0.63 %
RinseOral1.53 mg/1g
GelDental.4 %
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solutionIntravenous
GelDental; Oral0.969 mg/1g
GelDental; Oral4 mg/1g
GelOral4.3 g/1g
RinseOral1.9 g/1g
RinseOral1.9 mg/1g
LiquidDental; Oral
PasteDental4.54 mg/1g
Paste, dentifriceDental0.454 dL/100g
PasteDental0.454 g/100g
PasteDental1.10 mg/1g
PasteOral1.10 mg/1g
GelOral; Topical.4 %
RinseTopical1.2 mg/1mL
GelDental3.8 mg/1g
GelOral1.3 mg/1mL
RinseOral6.3 mg/1g
MouthwashBuccal1.64 %
Paste, dentifriceDental4.54 mg/1g
GelOral0.4 %
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)215MSDS
boiling point (°C)850MSDS
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP0.18Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area0 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count0Chemaxon
Refractivity3 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability2.78 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings0Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleYesChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
Not Available
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available

Drug created at December 03, 2015 16:51 / Updated at September 28, 2021 21:54