NAV

Squalene

This drug entry is a stub and has not been fully annotated. It is scheduled to be annotated soon.

Identification

Generic Name
Squalene
DrugBank Accession Number
DB11460
Background

Squalene is originally obtained from shark liver oil. It is a natural 30-carbon isoprenoid compound and intermediate metabolite in the synthesis of cholesterol. It is not susceptible to lipid peroxidation and provides skin protection. It is ubiquitously distributed in human tissues where it is transported in serum generally in association with very low density lipoproteins. Squalene is investigated as an adjunctive cancer therapy.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Vet approved
Structure
3D
Similar Structures
Weight
Average: 410.73
Monoisotopic: 410.39125161
Chemical Formula
C30H50
Synonyms
  • (all-E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosahexaene
  • (E,E,E,E)-Squalene
  • Spinacene
  • Squalene
  • Supraene
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Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Treatment ofMild joint pain••• ••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action
Not Available
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
Not Available

Products

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Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Arepanrix H5n1Squalene (10.69 mg / 0.5 mL) + DL-alpha-Tocopherol (11.86 mg / 0.5 mL) + Influenza A virus A/Vietnam/1194/2004 (H5N1) antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (3.75 mcg / 0.5 mL) + Polysorbate 80 (4.86 mg / 0.5 mL)EmulsionIntramuscularID Biomedical Corporation of QuebecNot applicableNot applicableCanada flag
Fluad TetraSqualene (9.75 mg) + Citric acid (0.04 mg) + Influenza A virus A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020 IVR-224 (H3N2) antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza A virus A/Victoria/2570/2019 IVR-215 (H1N1) antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza B virus B/Phuket/3073/2013 antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza virus type B (Victoria) (15 μg) + Polysorbate 80 (1.175 mg) + Sodium citrate (0.66 mg) + Sorbitol (1.175 mg)Injection, suspensionIntramuscularSeqirus Netherlands B.V.2022-06-06Not applicableEU flag
Fluad TetraSqualene (9.75 mg) + Citric acid (0.04 mg) + Influenza A virus A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020 IVR-224 (H3N2) antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza A virus A/Victoria/2570/2019 IVR-215 (H1N1) antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza B virus B/Phuket/3073/2013 antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza virus type B (Victoria) (15 μg) + Polysorbate 80 (1.175 mg) + Sodium citrate (0.66 mg) + Sorbitol (1.175 mg)Injection, suspensionIntramuscularSeqirus Netherlands B.V.2022-06-06Not applicableEU flag
Fluad TetraSqualene (9.75 mg) + Citric acid (0.04 mg) + Influenza A virus A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020 IVR-224 (H3N2) antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza A virus A/Victoria/2570/2019 IVR-215 (H1N1) antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza B virus B/Phuket/3073/2013 antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza virus type B (Victoria) (15 μg) + Polysorbate 80 (1.175 mg) + Sodium citrate (0.66 mg) + Sorbitol (1.175 mg)Injection, suspensionIntramuscularSeqirus Netherlands B.V.2022-06-06Not applicableEU flag
Fluad TetraSqualene (9.75 mg) + Citric acid (0.04 mg) + Influenza A virus A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020 IVR-224 (H3N2) antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza A virus A/Victoria/2570/2019 IVR-215 (H1N1) antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza B virus B/Phuket/3073/2013 antigen (formaldehyde inactivated) (15 μg) + Influenza virus type B (Victoria) (15 μg) + Polysorbate 80 (1.175 mg) + Sodium citrate (0.66 mg) + Sorbitol (1.175 mg)Injection, suspensionIntramuscularSeqirus Netherlands B.V.2022-06-06Not applicableEU flag

Categories

Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as triterpenoids. These are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Lipids and lipid-like molecules
Class
Prenol lipids
Sub Class
Triterpenoids
Direct Parent
Triterpenoids
Alternative Parents
Branched unsaturated hydrocarbons / Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons / Acyclic olefins
Substituents
Acyclic olefin / Aliphatic acyclic compound / Branched unsaturated hydrocarbon / Hydrocarbon / Olefin / Triterpenoid / Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon / Unsaturated hydrocarbon
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
triterpene (CHEBI:15440) / Acyclic triterpenoids, Liner triterpenes (C00751) / Acyclic triterpenoids (LMPR0106010002)
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
7QWM220FJH
CAS number
111-02-4
InChI Key
YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-AAJYLUCBSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C30H50/c1-25(2)15-11-19-29(7)23-13-21-27(5)17-9-10-18-28(6)22-14-24-30(8)20-12-16-26(3)4/h15-18,23-24H,9-14,19-22H2,1-8H3/b27-17+,28-18+,29-23+,30-24+
IUPAC Name
(6E,10E,14E,18E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene
SMILES
CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C(/C)CCC=C(C)C

References

General References
  1. Popjak G, Agnew WS: Squalene synthetase. Mol Cell Biochem. 1979 Oct 15;27(2):97-116. [Article]
  2. VILLALBA GOMEZ GM: [Squalene index]. Rev Sanid Asist Soc. 1956 May-Aug;21(3-4):155-69. [Article]
  3. Sato R, Hirano Y, Shimizu M: [Squalene synthase]. Nihon Rinsho. 2001 Feb;59 Suppl 2:161-6. [Article]
  4. Agnew WS: Squalene synthetase. Methods Enzymol. 1985;110:359-73. [Article]
  5. Smith TJ: Squalene: potential chemopreventive agent. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2000 Aug;9(8):1841-8. [Article]
  6. FLESCH P: Hair loss from squalene. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1951 Apr;76(4):801-3. [Article]
  7. LANGDON RG, BLOCH K: The biosynthesis of squalene. J Biol Chem. 1953 Jan;200(1):129-34. [Article]
  8. Molbak K: [Squalene unlikely sinner]. Ugeskr Laeger. 2013 May 13;175(20):1444. [Article]
  9. Authors unspecified: SQUALENE, an essential nutrient? Nutr Rev. 1955 Nov;13(11):348-9. [Article]
  10. Samman N, Ignasiak T, Chen CJ, Strausz OP, Montgomery DS: Squalene in petroleum asphaltenes. Science. 1981 Sep 18;213(4514):1381-3. [Article]
  11. Kanter JL, Narayana S, Ho PP, Catz I, Warren KG, Sobel RA, Steinman L, Robinson WH: Lipid microarrays identify key mediators of autoimmune brain inflammation. Nat Med. 2006 Jan;12(1):138-43. Epub 2005 Dec 11. [Article]
  12. de Jong A, Cheng TY, Huang S, Gras S, Birkinshaw RW, Kasmar AG, Van Rhijn I, Pena-Cruz V, Ruan DT, Altman JD, Rossjohn J, Moody DB: CD1a-autoreactive T cells recognize natural skin oils that function as headless antigens. Nat Immunol. 2014 Feb;15(2):177-85. doi: 10.1038/ni.2790. Epub 2013 Dec 22. [Article]
  13. Kelly GS: Squalene and its potential clinical uses. Altern Med Rev. 1999 Feb;4(1):29-36. [Article]
KEGG Compound
C00751
PubChem Compound
638072
PubChem Substance
347827980
ChemSpider
553635
RxNav
10014
ChEBI
15440
ChEMBL
CHEMBL458402
ZINC
ZINC000006845904
PDBe Ligand
SQL
Wikipedia
Squalene
PDB Entries
3wqj / 4fbz / 4md1 / 4md2 / 4omk / 7wwd / 7z0e

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
EmulsionIntramuscular
Injection, suspensionIntramuscular
Capsule, liquid filledOral
CapsuleOral
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Not Available
Experimental Properties
Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.000502 mg/mLALOGPS
logP8.64ALOGPS
logP10.42Chemaxon
logS-5.9ALOGPS
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area0 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count15Chemaxon
Refractivity144.62 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability56.17 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings0Chemaxon
Bioavailability0Chemaxon
Rule of FiveNoChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSGC-MSsplash10-001i-9600000000-280b7ccaed0215f0937c
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-05dv-4879000000-3cfdaa630f73c021be06
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-015i-9500000000-63fc959bf17e2f6e0381
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)MSsplash10-0159-9610000000-aaf0145da95343082ae1
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0bvj-3698200000-d8e4d92578ddb58c0b21
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0100900000-5fc14c83cd28f46bc544
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-016r-3679000000-42b314896767e32be244
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0ab9-1729700000-5158f0b15723f23e122a
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-004u-0439000000-3396bfafeb8e829ac267
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-1971000000-9efcc78cb674becdfbc4
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-221.1416397
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-221.5901397
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-215.14058
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+217.49858
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+223.65553
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Drug created at February 25, 2016 18:56 / Updated at June 07, 2022 22:57