Identification
- Summary
Chlortetracycline is the first tetracycline antibiotic most commonly used for veterinary purposes.
- Generic Name
- Chlortetracycline
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB09093
- Background
Chlortetracycline is a tetracycline antibiotic, and historically the first member of this class to be identified. It was discovered in 1945 by the scientist, Benjamin Minge Duggar, working at Lederle Laboratories under the supervision of Yellapragada Subbarow. He discovered that this antibiotic was the product of an actinomycete strain he cultured and obtained from a soil sample from a field in Missouri. The organism was named Streptomyces aureofaciens due to its gold-hued color.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational, Vet approved
- Structure
Structure for Chlortetracycline (DB09093)
- Weight
- Average: 478.88
Monoisotopic: 478.114293429 - Chemical Formula
- C22H23ClN2O8
- Synonyms
- Chlortetracycline
- Chlortétracycline
- Chlortetracyclinum
- Clortetraciclina
Pharmacology
- Indication
Used in the manufacuring of medicated animal feeds Label.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Treatment of Eye and eyelid infections •••••••••••• •••••••• • ••••• Treatment of Pyoderma •••••••••••• •••••••• Used in combination to treat Wound infections Combination Product in combination with: Chloramphenicol (DB00446), Neomycin (DB00994) ••• ••• •••••••• Used in combination to treat Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses Combination Product in combination with: Triamcinolone (DB00620) •••••••••••• •••••• •••••••• ••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Tetracycline antibiotics are bacteriostatic agents which act to inhibit bacterial growth and reproduction 2.
- Mechanism of action
Chlortetracycline, like other tetracyclines, competes for the A site of the bacterial ribosome 2. This binding competes with tRNA carrying amino acids preventing the addition of more amino acids to the peptide chain. This inhibition of protein synthesis ultimately inhibits growth and reproduction of the bacterial cell as necessary proteins cannot be synthesized.
Target Actions Organism A16S ribosomal RNA inhibitorEnteric bacteria and other eubacteria A30S ribosomal protein S3 inhibitorEscherichia coli (strain K12) A30S ribosomal protein S8 inhibitorEscherichia coli (strain K12) A30S ribosomal protein S19 inhibitorEscherichia coli (strain K12) A30S ribosomal protein S14 inhibitorEscherichia coli (strain K12) A30S ribosomal protein S7 inhibitorEscherichia coli (strain K12) UADP-ribosylation factor 1 inhibitorHumans UCatalase inhibitorMicrococcus luteus UEphrin type-B receptor 1 inhibitorHumans UPancreatic triacylglycerol lipase inhibitorHumans UProtein-arginine deiminase type-4 inhibitorHumans - Absorption
Chortetracycline reaches peak plasma concentation in about 3 hours 1. Its oral bioavailability is 25-30%.
- Volume of distribution
Chlortetracycline has a volume of distribution of 100 liters 1.
- Protein binding
Chlortetracline is 50-55% bound to plasma proteins 1.
- Metabolism
Chlortetracycline is not known to undergo significant metabolism 1.
- Route of elimination
Chlortetracycline is mainly eliminated in feces 1. Renal function does not appear to affect the rate of elimination.
- Half-life
The half-life of Chlortetracycline is 5.6 hours 1.
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
The acute oral LD50 in mice is 2314mg/kg MSDS.The most common adverse effects of tertacylines are gastrointestinal disturbances, and staining of teeth and bone. Some occurences of dental hypoplasia and bone deformity have been noted 2. In pregnant women tetracyclines may produce hepatotoxicity.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAcetylcysteine The therapeutic efficacy of Acetylcysteine can be decreased when used in combination with Chlortetracycline. Ambroxol The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Chlortetracycline is combined with Ambroxol. Articaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Chlortetracycline is combined with Articaine. Benzocaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Chlortetracycline is combined with Benzocaine. Benzyl alcohol The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Chlortetracycline is combined with Benzyl alcohol. - Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Chlortetracycline bisulfate 1D06KZ672I 27823-62-7 GQUMQTDURIYYIA-MRFRVZCGSA-N Chlortetracycline calcium complex NR4B2SX17S 57122-99-3 BRXWPGYMDYZZNU-NAUDNZITSA-L Chlortetracycline hydrochloride O1GX33ON8R 64-72-2 CBHYYLPALVVVEY-MRFRVZCGSA-N - International/Other Brands
- Aueromycin
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Aureomycin - Ont Top 3% Ointment 3 % Topical Wyeth Ayerst Canada Inc. 1997-10-24 2000-08-02 Canada 
Aureomycin Ont 3% Ointment 3 % Topical Lederle Cyanamid Canada Inc. 1952-12-31 1997-11-24 Canada Aureomycin Ont Oph 1% Ointment 1 % Ophthalmic Lederle Cyanamid Canada Inc. 1955-12-31 1997-01-14 Canada - Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image ขี้ผึ้งทรามัยซิน ใส่แผล Ointment 3 %w/w Topical บริษัท แลชแมน จำกัด จำกัด 1986-01-16 Not applicable Thailand 
ขี้ผึ้งใส่แผล ฮีโร่มัยซิน Ointment 3 %w/w Topical บริษัท ฮีโร่มัยซิน ฟาร์ม่า จำกัด จำกัด 2003-04-23 Not applicable Thailand ออริโอมัยซิน * Ointment 3 %w/w Topical บริษัท อินเตอร์ไทย ฟาร์มาซูติเคิ้ล แมนูแฟคเจอริ่ง จำกัด จำกัด 1998-01-30 Not applicable Thailand โคบาล มัยซิน ออยเม้นท์ Ointment 3 %w/w Topical บริษัท ไบร์วู๊ดฟาร์มาซูติคอล จำกัด 1987-08-03 Not applicable Thailand - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Aureocort 1 mg/g + 30 mg/g Salbe Chlortetracycline hydrochloride (30 mg/g) + Triamcinolone acetonide (1 mg/g) Ointment Topical Dermapharm Gmb H 1966-09-28 Not applicable Austria 
ไทรไมซิน ออยท์เมนท์ Chlortetracycline (5 MG/1G) + Chloramphenicol (5 MG/1G) + Neomycin (5 MG/1G) Ointment Topical บริษัท สหแพทย์เภสัช จำกัด 2017-01-25 2020-08-24 Thailand
Categories
- ATC Codes
- D06AA02 — Chlortetracycline
- D06AA — Tetracycline and derivatives
- D06A — ANTIBIOTICS FOR TOPICAL USE
- D06 — ANTIBIOTICS AND CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS FOR DERMATOLOGICAL USE
- D — DERMATOLOGICALS
- J01AA — Tetracyclines
- J01A — TETRACYCLINES
- J01 — ANTIBACTERIALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE
- J — ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE
- J01AA — Tetracyclines
- J01A — TETRACYCLINES
- J01 — ANTIBACTERIALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE
- J — ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE
- Drug Categories
- Agents that produce neuromuscular block (indirect)
- Alimentary Tract and Metabolism
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Anti-Infective Agents
- Antibacterials for Systemic Use
- Antibiotics for Topical Use
- Antiinfectives and Antiseptics for Local Oral Treatment
- Antiinfectives for Systemic Use
- Antiparasitic Agents
- Antiprotozoals
- Dermatologicals
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Naphthacenes
- Ophthalmologicals
- Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
- Sensory Organs
- Stomatological Preparations
- Tetracyclines
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tetracyclines. These are polyketides having an octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide skeleton, substituted with many hydroxy and other groups.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Phenylpropanoids and polyketides
- Class
- Tetracyclines
- Sub Class
- Not Available
- Direct Parent
- Tetracyclines
- Alternative Parents
- Naphthacenes / Anthracenecarboxylic acids and derivatives / Tetralins / Aryl ketones / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids / Aralkylamines / Cyclohexenones / Aryl chlorides / Vinylogous acids / Tertiary alcohols show 9 more
- Substituents
- 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid / Alcohol / Amine / Amino acid or derivatives / Anthracene carboxylic acid or derivatives / Aralkylamine / Aromatic homopolycyclic compound / Aryl chloride / Aryl halide / Aryl ketone show 26 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic homopolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- tertiary alcohol, tertiary amino compound, monocarboxylic acid amide, monochlorobenzenes, tetracyclines (CHEBI:27644) / Linear tetracyclines (C06571) / Linear tetracyclines (LMPK07000004)
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- WCK1KIQ23Q
- CAS number
- 57-62-5
- InChI Key
- CYDMQBQPVICBEU-XRNKAMNCSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C22H23ClN2O8/c1-21(32)7-6-8-15(25(2)3)17(28)13(20(24)31)19(30)22(8,33)18(29)11(7)16(27)12-10(26)5-4-9(23)14(12)21/h4-5,7-8,15,26,28-29,32-33H,6H2,1-3H3,(H2,24,31)/t7-,8-,15-,21-,22-/m0/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (4S,4aS,5aS,6S,12aS)-7-chloro-4-(dimethylamino)-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide
- SMILES
- [H][C@@]12C[C@@]3([H])C(=C(O)[C@]1(O)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@H]2N(C)C)C(=O)C1=C(O)C=CC(Cl)=C1[C@@]3(C)O
References
- General References
- Agwuh KN, MacGowan A: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the tetracyclines including glycylcyclines. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006 Aug;58(2):256-65. Epub 2006 Jul 1. [Article]
- 49, 50. (2012). In Rang and Dale's Pharmacology (7th ed., pp. 614, 629). Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. [ISBN:978-0-7020-3471-8]
- External Links
- KEGG Drug
- D07689
- KEGG Compound
- C06571
- PubChem Compound
- 54708735
- PubChem Substance
- 310265020
- ChemSpider
- 10469370
- 2408
- ChEBI
- 27644
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL404520
- ZINC
- ZINC000019701769
- PDBe Ligand
- CTC
- Wikipedia
- Chlortetracycline
- PDB Entries
- 2fj1 / 2tct / 2y6r / 3egz / 4v2g / 5tui / 6qjw / 6umw
- FDA label
- Download (218 KB)
- MSDS
- Download (179 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 0 Terminated Treatment Osteomyelitis 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Cream Cream Ophthalmic 1 % Ointment Topical 3 % Solution / drops 20 ML Ointment Ophthalmic 1 % Ointment Ophthalmic Ointment Ophthalmic 10 mg/g Ointment Topical 3 %w/w Capsule 250 mg Ointment Topical - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) Decomposes at 210-215 MSDS - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.259 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -0.13 ALOGPS logP -2.9 Chemaxon logS -3.3 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 2.99 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 9.04 Chemaxon Physiological Charge -1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 9 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 6 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 181.62 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 2 Chemaxon Refractivity 118.99 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 45.61 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 4 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five No Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-01t9-0000900000-a3bd564bfed5c6bc761b Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-002f-0009700000-c725c9e77c980b61f11f Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-0006-0000900000-0823696773829952578f Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-0006-0009400000-53a084c65f0be98ed440 Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-03xr-3695300000-c8973e90dc33f7f8d08d Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-08gi-2019500000-9eb19da0c650341d3d22 Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable - Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 212.5838107 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 205.57065 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 211.6348107 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 207.46608 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 210.4818107 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 213.27031 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
Build, predict & validate machine-learning models
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
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Yes
Inhibitor
References
- Nawaz M, Sung K, Khan SA, Khan AA, Steele R: Biochemical and molecular characterization of tetracycline-resistant Aeromonas veronii isolates from catfish. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Oct;72(10):6461-6. [Article]
- Domingue GJ Sr: Cryptic bacterial infection in chronic prostatitis: diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Curr Opin Urol. 1998 Jan;8(1):45-9. [Article]
- Pringle M, Fellstrom C, Johansson KE: Decreased susceptibility to doxycycline associated with a 16S rRNA gene mutation in Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. Vet Microbiol. 2007 Jul 20;123(1-3):245-8. Epub 2007 Feb 25. [Article]
- Rasmussen B, Noller HF, Daubresse G, Oliva B, Misulovin Z, Rothstein DM, Ellestad GA, Gluzman Y, Tally FP, Chopra I: Molecular basis of tetracycline action: identification of analogs whose primary target is not the bacterial ribosome. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1991 Nov;35(11):2306-11. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Escherichia coli (strain K12)
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Structural constituent of ribosome
- Specific Function
- Binds the lower part of the 30S subunit head. Binds mRNA in the 70S ribosome, positioning it for translation (By similarity).Plays a role in mRNA unwinding by the ribosome, possibly by forming part...
- Gene Name
- rpsC
- Uniprot ID
- P0A7V3
- Uniprot Name
- 30S ribosomal protein S3
- Molecular Weight
- 25983.07 Da
References
- Buck MA, Cooperman BS: Single protein omission reconstitution studies of tetracycline binding to the 30S subunit of Escherichia coli ribosomes. Biochemistry. 1990 Jun 5;29(22):5374-9. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Escherichia coli (strain K12)
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Structural constituent of ribosome
- Specific Function
- One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA central domain where it helps coordinate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit.Protein S8 is a translational repressor ...
- Gene Name
- rpsH
- Uniprot ID
- P0A7W7
- Uniprot Name
- 30S ribosomal protein S8
- Molecular Weight
- 14126.435 Da
References
- Buck MA, Cooperman BS: Single protein omission reconstitution studies of tetracycline binding to the 30S subunit of Escherichia coli ribosomes. Biochemistry. 1990 Jun 5;29(22):5374-9. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Escherichia coli (strain K12)
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Trna binding
- Specific Function
- In the E.coli 70S ribosome in the initiation state (PubMed:12809609) it has been modeled to contact the 23S rRNA of the 50S subunit forming part of bridge B1a; this bridge is broken in the model wi...
- Gene Name
- rpsS
- Uniprot ID
- P0A7U3
- Uniprot Name
- 30S ribosomal protein S19
- Molecular Weight
- 10430.235 Da
References
- Buck MA, Cooperman BS: Single protein omission reconstitution studies of tetracycline binding to the 30S subunit of Escherichia coli ribosomes. Biochemistry. 1990 Jun 5;29(22):5374-9. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Escherichia coli (strain K12)
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Structural constituent of ribosome
- Specific Function
- Binds 16S rRNA, required for the assembly of 30S particles and may also be responsible for determining the conformation of the 16S rRNA at the A site.
- Gene Name
- rpsN
- Uniprot ID
- P0AG59
- Uniprot Name
- 30S ribosomal protein S14
- Molecular Weight
- 11580.36 Da
References
- Buck MA, Cooperman BS: Single protein omission reconstitution studies of tetracycline binding to the 30S subunit of Escherichia coli ribosomes. Biochemistry. 1990 Jun 5;29(22):5374-9. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Escherichia coli (strain K12)
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Trna binding
- Specific Function
- One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit. Is located at the subunit interface close to the decoding ...
- Gene Name
- rpsG
- Uniprot ID
- P02359
- Uniprot Name
- 30S ribosomal protein S7
- Molecular Weight
- 20018.91 Da
References
- Buck MA, Cooperman BS: Single protein omission reconstitution studies of tetracycline binding to the 30S subunit of Escherichia coli ribosomes. Biochemistry. 1990 Jun 5;29(22):5374-9. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Receptor signaling protein activity
- Specific Function
- GTP-binding protein that functions as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit, an ADP-ribosyltransferase. Involved in protein trafficking among different compartments. Modula...
- Gene Name
- ARF1
- Uniprot ID
- P84077
- Uniprot Name
- ADP-ribosylation factor 1
- Molecular Weight
- 20696.62 Da
References
- Macia E, Vazquez-Rojas M, Robiolo A, Fayad R, Abelanet S, Mus-Veteau I, Fontaine-Vive F, Mehiri M, Luton F, Franco M: Chlortetracycline, a Novel Arf Inhibitor That Decreases the Arf6-Dependent Invasive Properties of Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules. 2021 Feb 12;26(4). pii: molecules26040969. doi: 10.3390/molecules26040969. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Micrococcus luteus
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Metal ion binding
- Specific Function
- Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.
- Gene Name
- katA
- Uniprot ID
- P29422
- Uniprot Name
- Catalase
- Molecular Weight
- 56905.52 Da
References
- Ren L, Wang Q, Du Y, Xu P, Zong W: Research on the Impact and Mechanism for the Inhibition of Micrococcus Catalase Activity by Typical Tetracyclines. Biomed Res Int. 2020 Oct 13;2020:5085369. doi: 10.1155/2020/5085369. eCollection 2020. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously transmembrane ephrin-B family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Cognate/functional ephrin ligands for this receptor include EFNB1, EFNB2 and EFNB3. During nervous system development, regulates retinal axon guidance redirecting ipsilaterally ventrotemporal retinal ganglion cells axons at the optic chiasm midline. This probably requires repulsive interaction with EFNB2. In the adult nervous system together with EFNB3, regulates chemotaxis, proliferation and polarity of the hippocampus neural progenitors. In addition to its role in axon guidance plays also an important redundant role with other ephrin-B receptors in development and maturation of dendritic spines and synapse formation. May also regulate angiogenesis. More generally, may play a role in targeted cell migration and adhesion. Upon activation by EFNB1 and probably other ephrin-B ligands activates the MAPK/ERK and the JNK signaling cascades to regulate cell migration and adhesion respectively. Involved in the maintenance of the pool of satellite cells (muscle stem cells) by promoting their self-renewal and reducing their activation and differentiation (By similarity).
- Specific Function
- Atp binding
- Gene Name
- EPHB1
- Uniprot ID
- P54762
- Uniprot Name
- Ephrin type-B receptor 1
- Molecular Weight
- 109884.175 Da
References
- Ahmed MS, Wang P, Nguyen NUN, Nakada Y, Menendez-Montes I, Ismail M, Bachoo R, Henkemeyer M, Sadek HA, Kandil ES: Identification of tetracycline combinations as EphB1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors for treatment of neuropathic pain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Mar 9;118(10). pii: 2016265118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2016265118. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Triglyceride lipase activity
- Specific Function
- Not Available
- Gene Name
- PNLIP
- Uniprot ID
- P16233
- Uniprot Name
- Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase
- Molecular Weight
- 51156.48 Da
References
- ROKOS J, MALEK P, BURGER M, PROCHAZKA P, KOLC J: The effect of divalent metals on the inhibition of pancreatic lipase by chlortetracycline. Antibiot Chemother (Northfield). 1959 Oct;9:600-8. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Protein-arginine deiminase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the citrullination/deimination of arginine residues of proteins such as histones, thereby playing a key role in histone code and regulation of stem cell maintenance. Citrullinates histone...
- Gene Name
- PADI4
- Uniprot ID
- Q9UM07
- Uniprot Name
- Protein-arginine deiminase type-4
- Molecular Weight
- 74078.65 Da
References
- Knuckley B, Luo Y, Thompson PR: Profiling Protein Arginine Deiminase 4 (PAD4): a novel screen to identify PAD4 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Jan 15;16(2):739-45. Epub 2007 Oct 13. [Article]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- General Function
- Toxic substance binding
- Specific Function
- Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
- Gene Name
- ALB
- Uniprot ID
- P02768
- Uniprot Name
- Serum albumin
- Molecular Weight
- 69365.94 Da
References
- Bratlid D, Bergan T: Displacement of albumin-bound antimicrobial agents by bilirubin. Pharmacology. 1976;14(5):464-72. doi: 10.1159/000136629. [Article]
Drug created at September 16, 2015 17:03 / Updated at December 02, 2023 07:01