Nesiritide

Identification

Summary

Nesiritide is a recombinant natriuretic peptide used for the treatment of patients with acutely decompensated congestive heart failure who have dyspnea at rest or with minimal activity.

Generic Name
Nesiritide
DrugBank Accession Number
DB04899
Background

Nesiritide is a medication used to treat acutely decompensated congestive heart failure with dyspnea at rest or with minimal exertion (such as talk, eating or bathing). Nesiritide is a 32 amino acid recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide.

Type
Biotech
Groups
Approved, Investigational
Biologic Classification
Protein Based Therapies
Hormones
Protein Structure
Protein Chemical Formula
Not Available
Protein Average Weight
3464.0 Da
Sequences
>DB04899: Natriuretic peptides B
SPKMVQGSGCFGRKMDRISSSSGLGCKVLRRH
Download FASTA Format
Synonyms
  • BNP
  • BNP-32
  • Brain natriuretic peptide 32
  • Human brain natriuretic factor-32
  • Nesiritide
  • Nesiritide recombinant

Pharmacology

Indication

For the intravenous treatment of patients with acutely decompensated congestive heart failure who have dyspnea at rest or with minimal activity.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Management ofAcute decompensated heart failure••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Nesiritide works by facilitating cardiovascular homeostasis through the negative regulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. This regulation will in order stimulate cyclic guanosine monophosphate and smooth muscle cell relaxation. In simpler terms, it promotes vasodilation, natriuresis, and diuresis.

Mechanism of action

Human BNP binds to the particulate guanylate cyclase receptor of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, leading to increased intracellular concentrations of guanosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) and smooth muscle cell relaxation. Cyclic GMP serves as a second messenger to dilate veins and arteries. Nesiritide has been shown to relax isolated human arterial and venous tissue preparations that were precontracted with either endothelin-1 or the alpha-adrenergic agonist, phenylephrine. In human studies, nesiritide produced dose-dependent reductions in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and systemic arterial pressure in patients with heart failure. In animals, nesiritide had no effects on cardiac contractility or on measures of cardiac electrophysiology such as atrial and ventricular effective refractory times or atrioventricular node conduction. Naturally occurring atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a related peptide, increases vascular permeability in animals and humans and may reduce intravascular volume. The effect of nesiritide on vascular permeability has not been studied.

TargetActionsOrganism
UAtrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1
binder
Humans
UAtrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2Not AvailableHumans
UAtrial natriuretic peptide receptor 3Not AvailableHumans
Absorption

Administration of nesiritide exhibits biphasic disposition from the plasma.

Volume of distribution
  • 0.19 L/kg
Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Nesiritide undergoes proteolytic cleavage of the peptide by endopeptidases, such as neutral endopeptidase, which are present on the vascular lumenal surface.

Route of elimination

Human BNP is cleared from the circulation via the following three independent mechanisms, in order of decreasing importance: 1) binding to cell surface clearance receptors with subsequent cellular internalization and lysosomal proteolysis; 2) proteolytic cleavage of the peptide by endopeptidases, such as neutral endopeptidase, which are present on the vascular lumenal surface; and 3) renal filtration.

Half-life

Approximately 18 minutes

Clearance
  • 9.2 mL/min/k [patients with congestive heart failure receiving IV infusion]
Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

No data are available with respect to overdosage in humans. The expected reaction would be excessive hypotension, which should be treated with drug discontinuation or reduction and appropriate measures.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AbaloparatideThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nesiritide is combined with Abaloparatide.
AcebutololThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Acebutolol is combined with Nesiritide.
AldesleukinThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Aldesleukin is combined with Nesiritide.
AliskirenThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nesiritide is combined with Aliskiren.
AmbrisentanNesiritide may increase the hypotensive activities of Ambrisentan.
Food Interactions
Not Available

Products

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Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
NatrecorInjection, powder, lyophilized, for solution1.5 mg/5mLIntravenousScios LLC2001-08-012020-06-15US flag
NatrecorPowder, for solution1.5 mg / vialIntravenousJanssen Pharmaceuticals2008-02-052012-08-01Canada flag

Categories

ATC Codes
C01DX19 — Nesiritide
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
Not Available
Kingdom
Organic Compounds
Super Class
Organic Acids
Class
Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
Sub Class
Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
Direct Parent
Peptides
Alternative Parents
Not Available
Substituents
Not Available
Molecular Framework
Not Available
External Descriptors
Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
P7WI8UL647
CAS number
124584-08-3

References

General References
  1. Jefferies JL, Price JF, Denfield SW, Chang AC, Dreyer WJ, McMahon CJ, Grenier MA, Clunie SK, Thomas A, Moffett BS, Wann TS, Smith EO, Towbin JA: Safety and efficacy of nesiritide in pediatric heart failure. J Card Fail. 2007 Sep;13(7):541-8. [Article]
  2. Maisel AS: Nesiritide: a new therapy for the treatment of heart failure. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2003;3(1):37-42. [Article]
  3. Vichiendilokkul A, Tran A, Racine E: Nesiritide: a novel approach for acute heart failure. Ann Pharmacother. 2003 Feb;37(2):247-58. [Article]
  4. Cheng JW: Nesiritide: review of clinical pharmacology and role in heart failure management. Heart Dis. 2002 May-Jun;4(3):199-203. [Article]
  5. Bettencourt P: Brain natriuretic peptide (nesiritide) in the treatment of heart failure. Cardiovasc Drug Rev. 2002 Winter;20(1):27-36. [Article]
UniProt
P16860
PubChem Substance
46508506
RxNav
19666
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1201668
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP001320
PharmGKB
PA164781045
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Nesiritide
FDA label
Download (205 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4Active Not RecruitingBasic ScienceHypertension1
4CompletedPreventionPulmonary Hypertension (PH)1
4CompletedTreatmentAcute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)1
4CompletedTreatmentCardiomyopathy / Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)1
4CompletedTreatmentChronic Heart Failure (CHF) / Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
  • Janssen-Ortho Inc.
  • Scios Inc.
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solutionIntravenous1.5 mg/5mL
Powder, for solutionIntravenous1.5 mg / vial
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Natrecor 1.5 mg vial716.36USD vial
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Patent NumberPediatric ExtensionApprovedExpires (estimated)Region
US5114923No1992-05-192014-05-19US flag
CA1339210No1997-08-052014-08-05Canada flag

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Not Available

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Binder
General Function
Protein kinase activity
Specific Function
Receptor for the atrial natriuretic peptide NPPA/ANP and the brain natriuretic peptide NPPB/BNP which are potent vasoactive hormones playing a key role in cardiovascular homeostasis. Has guanylate ...
Gene Name
NPR1
Uniprot ID
P16066
Uniprot Name
Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1
Molecular Weight
118918.11 Da
References
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Transmembrane signaling receptor activity
Specific Function
Receptor for the C-type natriuretic peptide NPPC/CNP hormone. Has guanylate cyclase activity upon binding of its ligand. May play a role in the regulation of skeletal growth.
Gene Name
NPR2
Uniprot ID
P20594
Uniprot Name
Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2
Molecular Weight
117020.97 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Peptide hormone binding
Specific Function
Receptor for the natriuretic peptide hormones, binding with similar affinities atrial natriuretic peptide NPPA/ANP, brain natriuretic peptide NPPB/BNP, and C-type natriuretic peptide NPPC/CNP. May ...
Gene Name
NPR3
Uniprot ID
P17342
Uniprot Name
Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 3
Molecular Weight
59807.34 Da

Drug created at October 21, 2007 22:23 / Updated at February 21, 2021 18:51