Evaluation of flutamide genotoxicity in rats and in primary human hepatocytes.

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Martelli A, Campart GB, Carrozzino R, Ghia M, Mattioli F, Mereto E, Orsi P, Puglia CP

Evaluation of flutamide genotoxicity in rats and in primary human hepatocytes.

Pharmacol Toxicol. 2000 Mar;86(3):129-34.

PubMed ID

10752671 [ View in PubMed

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Abstract

Flutamide, an effective competitive inhibitor of the androgen receptor used orally for palliative treatment of prostatic carcinoma and regulation of prostatic hyperplasia was evaluated for its genotoxic effects in the intact rat and in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. Negative responses were obtained in all the in vivo assays as well as in the in vitro assay. In rats given a single oral dose of 500 mg/kg flutamide, fragmentation and repair of liver DNA were absent, and no increase was observed in the frequency of micronucleated hepatocytes. In the liver of rats given flutamide as initiating agent at the dose of 500 mg/kg/week for 6 successive weeks, gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase-positive foci were detected only in 3 of 10 rats. There was no evidence of a promoting effect on the development of aberrant crypt foci in rats given 100 mg/kg flutamide on alternate days for 8 successive weeks. In primary cultures of human hepatocytes from one male and one female donor DNA fragmentation as measured by the Comet assays, and DNA repair synthesis as revealed by quantitative autoradiography, were absent after a 20 hr exposure to flutamide concentrations ranging from 18 to 56 microM. Taken as a whole, our results seem to indicate that flutamide is a non-genotoxic drug.

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Drug Targets

Drug	Target	Kind	Organism	Pharmacological Action	Actions
Flutamide	Androgen receptor	Protein	Humans	Yes	Antagonist	Details