Cisplatin impairs antioxidant system and causes oxidation in rat kidney tissues: possible protective roles of natural antioxidant foods.

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Cetin R, Devrim E, Kilicoglu B, Avci A, Candir O, Durak I

Cisplatin impairs antioxidant system and causes oxidation in rat kidney tissues: possible protective roles of natural antioxidant foods.

J Appl Toxicol. 2006 Jan-Feb;26(1):42-6.

PubMed ID

16158393 [ View in PubMed

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Abstract

This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanism(s) of cisplatin nephrotoxicity and the possible protective effects of antioxidant food supplementation on this toxicity. Twenty eight rats were used throughout the study. Cisplatin was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) in a single dose (10 mg kg(-1)). Antioxidant food supplementation was started 3 days before cisplatin treatment. In each group (control, cisplatin, cisplatin plus dried black grape and cisplatin plus tomato juice), there were seven animals. Rats were killed 72 h after treatment. The kidneys were removed and prepared for biochemical and histopathological investigations. Oxidant (sensitivity to oxidation, xanthine oxidase enzyme and malondialdehyde level) and antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase enzymes, and antioxidant potential value) parameters were measured in kidney tissues of the groups. Histopathological examination was also performed. Significant decreases were measured in the renal activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes. There was, however, a significant increase in the activity of xanthine oxidase enzyme in the cisplatin-treated animals compared with the control group. The kidney tissue malondialdehyde levels were found to be increased, but sensitivity to oxidation and antioxidant potential values to be decreased in the cisplatin group. In the food supplemented groups, it has been observed that black grape eliminated oxidant stress by increasing antioxidant potential, but tomato did not. Histopathological examination results also revealed significant damage in the kidney tissues from the cisplatin-treated rats. In the black grape group, significant improvements were observed compared with the cisplatin group. In the tomato group, there were also some improvements but to a lesser degree compared with the black grape group. The results suggest that cisplatin treatment causes significant oxidant load to the kidneys through both xanthine oxidase activation and impaired antioxidant defense system, which resulted in accelerated oxidation reactions in the kidney tissue. It is proposed that supplementation of some foods such as black grape which has resveratrol as an antioxidant can provide significant protection against cisplatin nephrotoxicity.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Enzymes

Drug	Enzyme	Kind	Organism	Pharmacological Action	Actions
Cisplatin	Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Inducer	Details