Galectin-9 enhances cytokine secretion, but suppresses survival and degranulation, in human mast cell line.
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Kojima R, Ohno T, Iikura M, Niki T, Hirashima M, Iwaya K, Tsuda H, Nonoyama S, Matsuda A, Saito H, Matsumoto K, Nakae S
Galectin-9 enhances cytokine secretion, but suppresses survival and degranulation, in human mast cell line.
PLoS One. 2014 Jan 20;9(1):e86106. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086106. eCollection 2014.
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- 24465902 [ View in PubMed]
- Abstract
Galectin-9 (Gal-9), a lectin having a beta-galactoside-binding domain, can induce apoptosis of Th1 cells by binding to TIM-3. In addition, Gal-9 inhibits IgE/Ag-mediated degranulation of mast cell/basophilic cell lines by binding to IgE, thus blocking IgE/Ag complex formation. However, the role of Gal-9 in mast cell function in the absence of IgE is not fully understood. Here, we found that recombinant Gal-9 directly induced phosphorylation of Erk1/2 but not p38 MAPK in a human mast cell line, HMC-1, which does not express FcepsilonRI. Gal-9 induced apoptosis and inhibited PMA/ionomycin-mediated degranulation of HMC-1 cells. On the other hand, Gal-9 induced cytokine and/or chemokine production by HMC-1 cells, dependent on activation of ERK1/2 but not p38 MAPK. In addition, the lectin activity of Gal-9 was required for Gal-9-mediated cytokine secretion by HMC-1 cells. These observations suggest that Gal-9 has dual properties as both a regulator and an activator of mast cells.