Human liver microsomal cytochrome P450 3A enzymes involved in thalidomide 5-hydroxylation and formation of a glutathione conjugate.

Article Details

Citation

Chowdhury G, Murayama N, Okada Y, Uno Y, Shimizu M, Shibata N, Guengerich FP, Yamazaki H

Human liver microsomal cytochrome P450 3A enzymes involved in thalidomide 5-hydroxylation and formation of a glutathione conjugate.

Chem Res Toxicol. 2010 Jun 21;23(6):1018-24. doi: 10.1021/tx900367p.

PubMed ID
20443640 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

(R)-Thalidomide was oxidized to 5-hydroxythalidomide and 5'-hydroxythalidomide by NADPH-fortified liver microsomes from humans and monkeys. (R)-Thalidomide was hydroxylated more efficiently than (S)-thalidomide. Recombinant human P450s 3A4, 3A5, and 3A7 and monkey P450s 3A8 and 3A5 (coexpressed with NADPH-P450 reductase in bacterial membranes) also catalyzed (R)-thalidomide 5-hydroxylation. Purified human P450s 2C19, 3A4, and 3A5 mediated (R)-thalidomide 5-hydroxylation at similar rates in reconstituted systems. P450 2C19 showed a rather nonsaturable substrate-velocity curve; however, P450s 3A4 and 3A5 showed sigmoidal curves. P450 also oxidized 5-hydroxythalidomide to an epoxide or dihydroxy compound. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed the formation of a glutathione conjugate from (R)- and (S)-5-hydroxythalidomide, catalyzed by liver microsomal P450s 3A4 and 3A5 in the presence of glutathione (assigned as a conjugate of 5-hydroxythalidomide formed on the phenyl ring). These results indicate that human P450s 3A4 and 3A5 mediate thalidomide 5-hydroxylation and further oxidation leading to a glutathione conjugate, which may be of relevance in the pharmacological and toxicological actions of thalidomide.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Enzymes
DrugEnzymeKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
ThalidomideCytochrome P450 3A4ProteinHumans
No
Substrate
Inducer
Details
ThalidomideCytochrome P450 3A5ProteinHumans
No
Substrate
Inducer
Details