Plasmodium falciparum possesses organelle-specific alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes and lipoylation pathways.

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Gunther S, McMillan PJ, Wallace LJ, Muller S

Plasmodium falciparum possesses organelle-specific alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes and lipoylation pathways.

Biochem Soc Trans. 2005 Nov;33(Pt 5):977-80.

PubMed ID
16246025 [ View in PubMed
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Abstract

The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum possesses a single mitochondrion and a plastid-like organelle called the apicoplast. Both organelles contain members of the KADH (alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase) complexes--multienzyme complexes that are involved in intermediate metabolism. In the asexual blood stage forms of the parasites, the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and branched chain KADH complexes are both located in the mitochondrion, whereas the pyruvate dehydrogenase is exclusively found in the apicoplast. In agreement with this distribution, Plasmodium parasites have two separate and organelle-specific pathways that guarantee lipoylation of the KADH complexes in both organelles. A biosynthetic pathway comprised of lipoic acid synthase and lipoyl (octanoyl)-ACP:protein Nepsilon-lipoyltransferase B is present in the apicoplast, whereas the mitochondrion is supplied with exogenous lipoic acid, and ligation of the metabolite to the KADH complexes is accomplished by a lipoate protein ligase A similar to that of bacteria and plants. Both pathways are excellent potential targets for the design of new antimalarial drugs.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Targets
DrugTargetKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
Lipoic acidLipoyl synthase, mitochondrialProteinHumans
Unknown
Not AvailableDetails
Lipoic acidLipoyltransferase 1, mitochondrialProteinHumans
Unknown
Not AvailableDetails