Phthalic Acid

Identification

Generic Name
Phthalic Acid
DrugBank Accession Number
DB02746
Background

Not Available

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Experimental
Structure
Weight
Average: 166.1308
Monoisotopic: 166.02660868
Chemical Formula
C8H6O4
Synonyms
Not Available

Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action
TargetActionsOrganism
UEstrogen receptor alphaNot AvailableHumans
UProgesterone receptorNot AvailableHumans
UEstrogen receptor betaNot AvailableHumans
UPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaNot AvailableHumans
UPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaNot AvailableHumans
UPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaNot AvailableHumans
URetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaNot AvailableHumans
URetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaNot AvailableHumans
URetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaNot AvailableHumans
UNicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating]Not AvailableMycobacterium tuberculosis
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
Not Available

Categories

Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoic acids. These are organic Compounds containing a benzene ring which bears at least one carboxyl group.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Benzenoids
Class
Benzene and substituted derivatives
Sub Class
Benzoic acids and derivatives
Direct Parent
Benzoic acids
Alternative Parents
Benzoyl derivatives / Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids / Organooxygen compounds / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives
Substituents
Aromatic homomonocyclic compound / Benzoic acid / Benzoyl / Carboxylic acid / Carboxylic acid derivative / Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives / Hydrocarbon derivative / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound / Organooxygen compound
Molecular Framework
Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
benzenedicarboxylic acid (CHEBI:29069)
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
6O7F7IX66E
CAS number
88-99-3
InChI Key
XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C8H6O4/c9-7(10)5-3-1-2-4-6(5)8(11)12/h1-4H,(H,9,10)(H,11,12)
IUPAC Name
benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
SMILES
OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O

References

Synthesis Reference

Michael Diamantoglou, Gerhard Meyer, "Process for the production of water-insoluble fibers of cellulose monoesters of maleic acid, succinic acid and phthalic acid, having an extremely high absorbability for water and physiological liquids." U.S. Patent US4734239, issued April, 1941.

US4734239
General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0002107
KEGG Compound
C01606
PubChem Compound
1017
PubChem Substance
46506083
ChemSpider
992
BindingDB
50080272
ChEBI
29069
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1045
ZINC
ZINC000000090750
PDBe Ligand
PHT
Wikipedia
Phthalic_acid
PDB Entries
1qpr / 2b7p / 3c2r / 3c2v / 4kww / 4r51 / 5ph8 / 6g74 / 7v25 / 8hgw

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
Not Available
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)230 dec °CPhysProp
water solubility7010 mg/L (at 25 °C)YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)
logP0.73HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
logS-2.11ADME Research, USCD
pKa2.76 (at 25 °C)SERJEANT,EP & DEMPSEY,B (1979)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility3.12 mg/mLALOGPS
logP1.22ALOGPS
logP1.29Chemaxon
logS-1.7ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.94Chemaxon
Physiological Charge-2Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area74.6 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count2Chemaxon
Refractivity40.57 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability14.94 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings1Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.8821
Blood Brain Barrier+0.8955
Caco-2 permeable+0.6567
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.7547
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.9812
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9917
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.9377
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.8185
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.9434
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.8243
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.9621
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9808
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9344
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9753
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9863
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.9839
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.9851
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.7473
BiodegradationReady biodegradable0.7403
Rat acute toxicity1.4800 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9821
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.9827
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies)GC-MSsplash10-0002-0910000000-13ae6bbb9f0d5dcc636c
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-014j-5900000000-68084b3e65fcd1cea856
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-0zor-9500000000-e5ec33e3312a4a87ea39
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-0002-0910000000-b0d922c04c2f5dd6e4c7
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-0002-0910000000-13ae6bbb9f0d5dcc636c
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-0002-0900000000-9308910720abd784ba33
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-0900000000-0f913d45c1daa3650138
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-00kf-9400000000-ba393489337831b167f0
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)LC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-9000000000-998fd73fa45b918fbbd4
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-0900000000-473374d725e62e2c60ef
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-00fr-4900000000-863cf771373d1802f7d0
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-9200000000-acf56d82f3969fd63b3b
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-9100000000-c03297cff4e455fc9a56
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-9000000000-88a6558d781ff1f9c6c5
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-0900000000-473374d725e62e2c60ef
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-00fr-4900000000-863cf771373d1802f7d0
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-9200000000-9b673ed6e8d6d73b74b4
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-9100000000-c03297cff4e455fc9a56
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-9000000000-88a6558d781ff1f9c6c5
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-0900000000-d5e52eb762a66be28323
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-2900000000-37244eef418dcf5067ba
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-9200000000-b9db4687ad5bebe90166
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4j-0900000000-8f12af957a34914cc59f
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-9000000000-7ef3bf0fbac120bd2776
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-1900000000-71d1f6117a47e075e64b
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum2D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-134.695887
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-134.689887
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-130.05434
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+133.88168
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+142.81465
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissu...
Gene Name
ESR1
Uniprot ID
P03372
Uniprot Name
Estrogen receptor
Molecular Weight
66215.45 Da
References
  1. Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G: Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2004 Feb;378(3):664-9. Epub 2003 Oct 25. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Progesterone receptor ...
Gene Name
PGR
Uniprot ID
P06401
Uniprot Name
Progesterone receptor
Molecular Weight
98979.96 Da
References
  1. Scippo ML, Argiris C, Van De Weerdt C, Muller M, Willemsen P, Martial J, Maghuin-Rogister G: Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2004 Feb;378(3):664-9. Epub 2003 Oct 25. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Nuclear hormone receptor. Binds estrogens with an affinity similar to that of ESR1, and activates expression of reporter genes containing estrogen response elements (ERE) in an estrogen-dependent m...
Gene Name
ESR2
Uniprot ID
Q92731
Uniprot Name
Estrogen receptor beta
Molecular Weight
59215.765 Da
References
  1. Takeuchi S, Iida M, Kobayashi S, Jin K, Matsuda T, Kojima H: Differential effects of phthalate esters on transcriptional activities via human estrogen receptors alpha and beta, and androgen receptor. Toxicology. 2005 Jun 1;210(2-3):223-33. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Ligand-activated transcription factor. Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleyleth...
Gene Name
PPARA
Uniprot ID
Q07869
Uniprot Name
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
Molecular Weight
52224.595 Da
References
  1. Sarath Josh MK, Pradeep S, Vijayalekshmi Amma KS, Balachandran S, Abdul Jaleel UC, Doble M, Spener F, Benjamin S: Phthalates efficiently bind to human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor and retinoid X receptor alpha, beta, gamma subtypes: an in silico approach. J Appl Toxicol. 2014 Jul;34(7):754-65. doi: 10.1002/jat.2902. Epub 2013 Jul 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Ligand-activated transcription factor. Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Has a preference for poly-unsaturated fatty acids, such as gamma-lin...
Gene Name
PPARD
Uniprot ID
Q03181
Uniprot Name
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta
Molecular Weight
49902.99 Da
References
  1. Sarath Josh MK, Pradeep S, Vijayalekshmi Amma KS, Balachandran S, Abdul Jaleel UC, Doble M, Spener F, Benjamin S: Phthalates efficiently bind to human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor and retinoid X receptor alpha, beta, gamma subtypes: an in silico approach. J Appl Toxicol. 2014 Jul;34(7):754-65. doi: 10.1002/jat.2902. Epub 2013 Jul 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE...
Gene Name
PPARG
Uniprot ID
P37231
Uniprot Name
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
Molecular Weight
57619.58 Da
References
  1. Sarath Josh MK, Pradeep S, Vijayalekshmi Amma KS, Balachandran S, Abdul Jaleel UC, Doble M, Spener F, Benjamin S: Phthalates efficiently bind to human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor and retinoid X receptor alpha, beta, gamma subtypes: an in silico approach. J Appl Toxicol. 2014 Jul;34(7):754-65. doi: 10.1002/jat.2902. Epub 2013 Jul 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expressi...
Gene Name
RXRA
Uniprot ID
P19793
Uniprot Name
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha
Molecular Weight
50810.835 Da
References
  1. Sarath Josh MK, Pradeep S, Vijayalekshmi Amma KS, Balachandran S, Abdul Jaleel UC, Doble M, Spener F, Benjamin S: Phthalates efficiently bind to human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor and retinoid X receptor alpha, beta, gamma subtypes: an in silico approach. J Appl Toxicol. 2014 Jul;34(7):754-65. doi: 10.1002/jat.2902. Epub 2013 Jul 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expressi...
Gene Name
RXRB
Uniprot ID
P28702
Uniprot Name
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta
Molecular Weight
56921.38 Da
References
  1. Sarath Josh MK, Pradeep S, Vijayalekshmi Amma KS, Balachandran S, Abdul Jaleel UC, Doble M, Spener F, Benjamin S: Phthalates efficiently bind to human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor and retinoid X receptor alpha, beta, gamma subtypes: an in silico approach. J Appl Toxicol. 2014 Jul;34(7):754-65. doi: 10.1002/jat.2902. Epub 2013 Jul 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expressi...
Gene Name
RXRG
Uniprot ID
P48443
Uniprot Name
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma
Molecular Weight
50870.72 Da
References
  1. Sarath Josh MK, Pradeep S, Vijayalekshmi Amma KS, Balachandran S, Abdul Jaleel UC, Doble M, Spener F, Benjamin S: Phthalates efficiently bind to human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor and retinoid X receptor alpha, beta, gamma subtypes: an in silico approach. J Appl Toxicol. 2014 Jul;34(7):754-65. doi: 10.1002/jat.2902. Epub 2013 Jul 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Involved in the catabolism of quinolinic acid (QA).
Specific Function
Nicotinate-nucleotide diphosphorylase (carboxylating) activity
Gene Name
nadC
Uniprot ID
P9WJJ7
Uniprot Name
Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase [carboxylating]
Molecular Weight
29950.79 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]

Transporters

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as taurocholate, the prostaglandins PGD2, PGE1, PGE2, leukotriene C4, thromboxane B2 and iloprost.
Gene Name
SLCO2B1
Uniprot ID
O94956
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1
Molecular Weight
76709.98 Da
References
  1. Kobayashi D, Nozawa T, Imai K, Nezu J, Tsuji A, Tamai I: Involvement of human organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP-B (SLC21A9) in pH-dependent transport across intestinal apical membrane. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Aug;306(2):703-8. Epub 2003 Apr 30. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at June 12, 2020 16:52