Lomitapide

Identification

Summary

Lomitapide is a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor used to lower cholesterol associated with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH), reducing risk of cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke.

Brand Names
Juxtapid, Lojuxta
Generic Name
Lomitapide
DrugBank Accession Number
DB08827
Background

Lomitapide is a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) inhibitor used in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) patients. It is marketed under the name Juxtapid (R).

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Investigational
Structure
Weight
Average: 693.7204
Monoisotopic: 693.278996673
Chemical Formula
C39H37F6N3O2
Synonyms
  • Lomitapida
  • Lomitapide
  • Lomitapidum
External IDs
  • AEGR 733
  • AEGR-733
  • AEGR-773
  • BMS 201038
  • BMS-201038-01
  • BMS-201038-04

Pharmacology

Indication

Used in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) patients to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C).

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Management ofHomozygous familial hypercholesterolemia••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Lomitapide directly inhibits microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP).

Mechanism of action

Within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, lomitapide inhibits microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), which prevents the formation of apolipoprotein B, and, thus, the formation of VLDL and chylomicrons as well. Altogether, this leads to a reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

TargetActionsOrganism
AMicrosomal triglyceride transfer protein large subunit
antagonist
Humans
Absorption

In healthy patients, time to maximum lomitapide concentration is about 6 hours with a single dose of 60 mg. Lomitapide has an approximate absolute bioavailability of 7%.

Volume of distribution

The steady state volume of distribution is about 985-1292 L.

Protein binding

Plasma protein binding is about 99.8%

Metabolism

Lomitapide is mainly metabolized by CYP3A4 to it's inactive metabolites, M1 and M3. CYP enzymes that metabolize lomitapide to a minor extent include CYP 1A2,2B6,2C8,2C19.

Route of elimination

About 52.9-59.5% is eliminated by the urine and 33.4-35.1% is eliminated by the feces.

Half-life

Lomitapide half-life is about 39.7 hours.

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Contra-indicated in pregnancy, and moderate to severe hepatic insufficiency (Child-Pugh category B or C). Severe GI adverse reactions may occur.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AbametapirThe serum concentration of Lomitapide can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
AbataceptThe metabolism of Lomitapide can be increased when combined with Abatacept.
AbemaciclibThe serum concentration of Abemaciclib can be increased when it is combined with Lomitapide.
AcalabrutinibThe metabolism of Lomitapide can be decreased when combined with Acalabrutinib.
AcenocoumarolThe serum concentration of Acenocoumarol can be increased when it is combined with Lomitapide.
Food Interactions
  • Avoid grapefruit products.
  • Take with food. Food decreases the risk of GI side effects.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Lomitapide mesylateX4S83CP54E202914-84-9QKVKOFVWUHNEBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International/Other Brands
Lojuxta
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
JuxtapidCapsule5 mg/1OralChiesi USA, Inc.2013-01-03Not applicableUS flag
JuxtapidCapsule5 mgOralAmryt Pharmaceuticals DAC2014-05-06Not applicableCanada flag
JuxtapidCapsule5 mg/1OralAmryt Pharmaceuticals DAC2013-01-03Not applicableUS flag
JuxtapidCapsule30 mg/1OralAmryt Pharmaceuticals DAC2013-01-03Not applicableUS flag
JuxtapidCapsule20 mg/1OralChiesi USA, Inc.2013-01-03Not applicableUS flag

Categories

ATC Codes
C10AX12 — Lomitapide
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fluorenes. These are compounds containing a fluorene moiety, which consists of two benzene rings connected through either a cyclopentane, cyclopentene, or cyclopenta-1,3-diene.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Benzenoids
Class
Fluorenes
Sub Class
Not Available
Direct Parent
Fluorenes
Alternative Parents
Biphenyls and derivatives / Trifluoromethylbenzenes / Benzamides / Benzoyl derivatives / Aralkylamines / Piperidines / Fatty amides / Amino acids and derivatives / Secondary carboxylic acid amides / Trialkylamines
show 7 more
Substituents
Alkyl fluoride / Alkyl halide / Amine / Amino acid or derivatives / Aralkylamine / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Azacycle / Benzamide / Benzoic acid or derivatives / Benzoyl
show 23 more
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
piperidines, benzamides, fluorenes, (trifluoromethyl)benzenes (CHEBI:72297)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
82KUB0583F
CAS number
182431-12-5
InChI Key
MBBCVAKAJPKAKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C39H37F6N3O2/c40-38(41,42)25-46-36(50)37(33-13-5-3-10-30(33)31-11-4-6-14-34(31)37)21-7-8-22-48-23-19-28(20-24-48)47-35(49)32-12-2-1-9-29(32)26-15-17-27(18-16-26)39(43,44)45/h1-6,9-18,28H,7-8,19-25H2,(H,46,50)(H,47,49)
IUPAC Name
N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-9-(4-{4-[4'-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-amido]piperidin-1-yl}butyl)-9H-fluorene-9-carboxamide
SMILES
FC(F)(F)CNC(=O)C1(CCCCN2CCC(CC2)NC(=O)C2=C(C=CC=C2)C2=CC=C(C=C2)C(F)(F)F)C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C12

References

General References
  1. Cuchel M, Meagher EA, du Toit Theron H, Blom DJ, Marais AD, Hegele RA, Averna MR, Sirtori CR, Shah PK, Gaudet D, Stefanutti C, Vigna GB, Du Plessis AM, Propert KJ, Sasiela WJ, Bloedon LT, Rader DJ: Efficacy and safety of a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a single-arm, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2013 Jan 5;381(9860):40-6. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61731-0. Epub 2012 Nov 2. [Article]
  2. Cuchel M, Bloedon LT, Szapary PO, Kolansky DM, Wolfe ML, Sarkis A, Millar JS, Ikewaki K, Siegelman ES, Gregg RE, Rader DJ: Inhibition of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein in familial hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med. 2007 Jan 11;356(2):148-56. [Article]
  3. FDA Approved Drug Products: Juxtapid (lomitapide) capsules [Link]
KEGG Drug
D09637
PubChem Compound
9853053
PubChem Substance
175427108
ChemSpider
8028764
BindingDB
50098320
RxNav
1364479
ChEBI
72297
ChEMBL
CHEMBL354541
ZINC
ZINC000027990463
PharmGKB
PA166114922
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Lomitapide
FDA label
Download (930 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
3Active Not RecruitingTreatmentHomozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH)1
3CompletedTreatmentHomozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH)2
3CompletedTreatmentPrimary Hypercholesterolemia1
3WithdrawnTreatmentHomozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH)1
2CompletedTreatmentHigh Cholesterol3

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
CapsuleOral10 mg
CapsuleOral10 mg/1
CapsuleOral20 mg
CapsuleOral20 mg/1
CapsuleOral30 mg/1
CapsuleOral40 mg/1
CapsuleOral5 mg/1
CapsuleOral5 mg
CapsuleOral60 mg/1
Capsule, coatedOral10 mg
Capsule, coatedOral20 mg
Capsule, coatedOral5 mg
CapsuleOral30 MG
CapsuleOral40 MG
CapsuleOral60 MG
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Patent NumberPediatric ExtensionApprovedExpires (estimated)Region
US5739135No1998-04-142015-04-14US flag
US5712279No1998-01-272016-02-21US flag
US6492365No2002-12-102019-12-10US flag
US8618135No2013-12-312025-03-07US flag
US7932268No2011-04-262027-08-19US flag
US9265758No2016-02-232025-03-07US flag
US9433617No2016-09-062025-03-07US flag
US9364470No2016-06-142025-03-07US flag
US9861622No2018-01-092025-03-07US flag
US10016404No2018-07-102025-03-07US flag
US10555938No2020-02-112025-03-07US flag

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility8.88e-05 mg/mLALOGPS
logP7.19ALOGPS
logP7.9Chemaxon
logS-6.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)12.27Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.05Chemaxon
Physiological Charge1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area61.44 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count12Chemaxon
Refractivity181.73 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability68.13 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings6Chemaxon
Bioavailability0Chemaxon
Rule of FiveNoChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-0000709000-795cd578d28a8dade172
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-0050109000-0d0ca11b646911ac509c
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-0002119000-421fe45fbe45679a4101
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-2111559000-d952e8f6757351493ce3
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0fy5-0190333000-986c97462869b054739b
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00dl-0389167000-19ea999d2ac955a070db
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-244.50499
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+246.40993
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+252.15036
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Protein heterodimerization activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes the transport of triglyceride, cholesteryl ester, and phospholipid between phospholipid surfaces (PubMed:23475612, PubMed:8939939, PubMed:26224785, PubMed:25108285, PubMed:22236406). Requ...
Gene Name
MTTP
Uniprot ID
P55157
Uniprot Name
Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein large subunit
Molecular Weight
99350.255 Da

Enzymes

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
Gene Name
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID
P08684
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight
57342.67 Da

Transporters

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
Specific Function
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
Gene Name
ABCB1
Uniprot ID
P08183
Uniprot Name
Multidrug resistance protein 1
Molecular Weight
141477.255 Da

Drug created at January 03, 2013 20:34 / Updated at January 02, 2024 23:48