Which carbonic anhydrases are targeted by the antiepileptic sulfonamides and sulfamates?

Article Details

Citation

De Simone G, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT

Which carbonic anhydrases are targeted by the antiepileptic sulfonamides and sulfamates?

Chem Biol Drug Des. 2009 Sep;74(3):317-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00857.x.

PubMed ID
19703035 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

Zonisamide, sulthiame, and topiramate, clinically used antiepileptics are inhibitors of mammalian carbonic anhydrase isoforms I-XIV, indiscriminately inhibiting with variable efficacy all the catalytically active isoforms present in mammals. However, it is not clear which carbonic anhydrase isozymes might be responsible for the anticonvulsant activity of such sulfonamide/sulfamate drugs. We examine here the full inhibition profile against all mammalian carbonic anhydrases of the above antiepileptic drugs together with two investigational, structurally related sulfonamides, one of which is and the other is not an anticonvulsant. No clear-cut data allow us to propose which are the carbonic anhydrases involved in these processes, but strong carbonic anhydrase II, VII, IX, and XII inhibition, correlated with sufficiently high liposolubility may lead to effective anticonvulsants of this pharmacological class. Therefore, further studies are warranted for better understanding these phenomena. Whether the inhibition of such carbonic anhydrases present in the mammalian brain might be relevant for designing pharmacological agents useful in the management of neurological disorders or for understanding the multifactorial mechanism of action of some of these drugs is a topic which surely deserves further investigations.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drug Targets
DrugTargetKindOrganismPharmacological ActionActions
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 1ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 12ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 13ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 14ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 2ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 3ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 4ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 6ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 7ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 9ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase-related proteinProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase-related protein 10ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase-related protein 11ProteinHumans
Unknown
Inhibitor
Details
Binding Properties
DrugTargetPropertyMeasurementpHTemperature (°C)
SulthiameCarbonic anhydrase 2Ki (nM)97.520Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 1Ki (nM)567.520Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 12Ki (nM)110007.520Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 14Ki (nM)52507.520Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 2Ki (nM)357.520Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 3Ki (nM)2.20E+067.520Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 4Ki (nM)85907.520Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrialKi (nM)207.520Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrialKi (nM)60337.520Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 6Ki (nM)897.520Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 7Ki (nM)1177.520Details
ZonisamideCarbonic anhydrase 9Ki (nM)5.17.520Details