Transcriptional profiling of breast cancer cells in response to mevinolin: Evidence of cell cycle arrest, DNA degradation and apoptosis.

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Mahmoud AM, Aboul-Soud MA, Han J, Al-Sheikh YA, Al-Abd AM, El-Shemy HA

Transcriptional profiling of breast cancer cells in response to mevinolin: Evidence of cell cycle arrest, DNA degradation and apoptosis.

Int J Oncol. 2016 May;48(5):1886-94. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3418. Epub 2016 Mar 4.

PubMed ID
26983896 [ View in PubMed
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Abstract

The merging of high-throughput gene expression techniques, such as microarray, in the screening of natural products as anticancer agents, is considered the optimal solution for gaining a better understanding of the intervention mechanism. Red yeast rice (RYR), a Chinese dietary product, contains a mixture of hypocholesterolemia agents such as statins. Typically, statins have this effect via the inhibition of HMGCoA reductase, the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. Recently, statins have been shown to exhibit various beneficial antineoplastic properties through the disruption of tumor angiogenesis and metastatic processes. Mevinolin (MVN) is a member of statins and is abundantly present in RYR. Early experimental trials suggested that the mixed apoptotic/necrotic cell death pathway is activated in response to MVN exposure. In the current study, the cytotoxic profile of MVN was evaluated against MCF7, a breast cancerderived cell line. The obtained results indicated that MVNinduced cytotoxicity is multifactorial involving several regulatory pathways in the cytotoxic effects of MVN on breast cancer cell lines. In addition, MVNinduced transcript abundance profiles inferred from microarrays showed significant changes in some key cell processes. The changes were predicted to induce cell cycle arrest and reactive oxygen species generation but inhibit DNA repair and cell proliferation. This MVNmediated multifactorial stress triggered specific programmed cell death (apoptosis) and DNA degradation responses in breast cancer cells. Taken together, the observed MVNinduced effects underscore the potential of this ubiquitous natural compound as a selective anticancer activity, with broad safety margins and low cost compared to benchmarked traditional synthetic chemotherapeutic agents. Additionally, the data support further preclinical and clinical evaluations of MVN as a novel strategy to combat breast cancer and overcome drug resistance.

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