Pharmacokinetic characteristics of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).

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Marvanova M

Pharmacokinetic characteristics of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).

Ment Health Clin. 2016 Mar 8;6(1):8-20. doi: 10.9740/mhc.2015.01.008. eCollection 2016 Jan.

PubMed ID

29955442 [ View in PubMed

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Abstract

Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are routinely prescribed for the management of a variety of neurologic and psychiatric conditions, including epilepsy and epilepsy syndromes. Physiologic changes due to aging, pregnancy, nutritional status, drug interactions, and diseases (ie, those involving liver and kidney function) can affect pharmacokinetics of AEDs. This review discusses foundational pharmacokinetic characteristics of AEDs currently available in the United States, including clobazam but excluding the other benzodiazepines. Commonalities of pharmacokinetic properties of AEDs are discussed in detail. Important differences among AEDs and clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interactions in absorption, distribution, metabolism, and/or elimination associated with AEDs are highlighted. In general, newer AEDs have more predictable kinetics and lower risks for drug interactions. This is because many are minimally or not bound to serum proteins, are primarily renally cleared or metabolized by non-cytochrome P450 isoenzymes, and/or have lower potential to induce/inhibit various hepatic enzyme systems. A clear understanding of the pharmacokinetic properties of individual AEDs is essential in creating a safe and effective treatment plan for a patient.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Drugs

Primidone

Drug Enzymes

Drug	Enzyme	Kind	Organism	Pharmacological Action	Actions
Primidone	Cytochrome P450 1A2	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Inducer	Details
Primidone	Cytochrome P450 2C19	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Substrate Inducer	Details
Primidone	Cytochrome P450 2C9	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Substrate Inducer	Details
Primidone	Cytochrome P450 2E1	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Substrate Inducer	Details
Primidone	Cytochrome P450 3A4	Protein	Humans	Unknown	Inducer	Details
Primidone	UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) (Protein Group)	Protein group	Humans	Unknown	Inducer	Details