Palmitic Acid

Identification

Summary

Palmitic Acid is a fatty used as a food additive and emollient or surfactant in cosmetics.

Generic Name
Palmitic Acid
DrugBank Accession Number
DB03796
Background

A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 256.4241
Monoisotopic: 256.240230268
Chemical Formula
C16H32O2
Synonyms
  • 1-hexyldecanoic acid
  • 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid
  • Hexadecanoate
  • Hexadecanoic acid
  • Hexadecoic acid
  • Hexadecylic acid
  • Hexaectylic acid
  • Palmitate
  • Palmitic Acid
  • Palmitinic acid
  • Palmitinsäure
External IDs
  • EDENOR C 16-98-100
  • FEMA NO. 2832
  • HYDROFOL ACID 1690
  • IMEX C 1498
  • KORTACID 1698
  • LOXIOL EP 278
  • NSC-5030

Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Treatment ofDry skin••• •••••
Treatment ofSkin irritation••• •••••
Treatment ofSkin rash••• •••••
Treatment ofNonvenomous insect bite••• •••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Palmitic acid is the first fatty acid produced during lipogenesis (fatty acid synthesis) and from which longer fatty acids can be produced. Palmitate negatively feeds back on acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) which is responsible for converting acetyl-ACP to malonyl-ACP on the growing acyl chain, thus preventing further palmitate generation

Mechanism of action
TargetActionsOrganism
UAlpha-lactalbuminNot AvailableHumans
UPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaNot AvailableHumans
URhodopsinNot AvailableHumans
UPalmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1Not AvailableHumans
UMyelin P2 proteinNot AvailableHumans
UGlycodelinNot AvailableHumans
UHepatocyte nuclear factor 4-gammaNot AvailableHumans
ULipid binding proteinNot AvailableGeobacillus stearothermophilus
UCytochrome P450 2C8Not AvailableHumans
UTrafficking protein particle complex subunit 3Not AvailableHumans
UFatty acid-binding protein TM_1468Not AvailableThermotoga maritima (strain ATCC 43589 / MSB8 / DSM 3109 / JCM 10099)
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Acute oral toxicity (LD50) in rat is >10000 mg/kg

Pathways
PathwayCategory
Lovastatin Action PathwayDrug action
Cerivastatin Action PathwayDrug action
Ethylmalonic EncephalopathyDisease
Glutaric Aciduria Type IDisease
Glycerol Kinase DeficiencyDisease
HypercholesterolemiaDisease
Short-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (SCAD Deficiency)Disease
Zellweger SyndromeDisease
Chondrodysplasia Punctata II, X-Linked Dominant (CDPX2)Disease
Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS)Disease
Mevalonic AciduriaDisease
Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (MCAD)Disease
Steroid BiosynthesisMetabolic
Bile Acid BiosynthesisMetabolic
Ibandronate Action PathwayDrug action
Alendronate Action PathwayDrug action
Risedronate Action PathwayDrug action
Atorvastatin Action PathwayDrug action
Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis (CTX)Disease
Familial Hypercholanemia (FHCA)Disease
Congenital Bile Acid Synthesis Defect Type IIIDisease
DesmosterolosisDisease
CHILD SyndromeDisease
Hyper-IgD SyndromeDisease
Wolman DiseaseDisease
D-Glyceric AciduraDisease
Long Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (LCAD)Disease
Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase Deficiency IIDisease
Long-Chain-3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (LCHAD)Disease
Glycerolipid MetabolismMetabolic
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
16-chloropalmitic acidNot AvailableNot AvailableNot applicable
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Borage Oil CapsulesPalmitic Acid (96 mg) + Gamolenic acid (258 mg) + Linoleic acid (375 mg) + Oleic Acid (148 mg)CapsuleOralGeneral Nutrition Canada Inc.2001-10-152009-08-05Canada flag
Flaxseed Oil CapsulesPalmitic Acid (54 mg) + Linoleic acid (144 mg) + Oleic Acid (165 mg) + alpha-Linolenic acid (594 mg)CapsuleOralGeneral Nutrition Canada Inc.1998-05-272007-08-01Canada flag
Huile D'onagre Vitamin EPalmitic Acid (7 %) + Linoleic acid (72 %) + Oleic Acid (9 %) + Stearic acid (1 %) + Vitamin E (15 %) + alpha-Linolenic acid (11 %)CapsuleOralLe Naturiste J.M.B. Inc.1987-12-312000-08-23Canada flag
Jayjun Anti Dust Fresh Foam CleanserPalmitic Acid (11.16 g/90mL) + Lauric acid (6.30 g/90mL) + Stearic acid (6.84 g/90mL)LiquidTopicalJayjun Cosmetic Co.,ltd.2018-12-012019-11-01US flag
Jayjun New Real Water Brightening Black Mask Step 01 Real Water Shining Vita Cleansing Foa MPalmitic Acid (0.16 g/1.5mL) + Lauric acid (0.04 g/1.5mL) + Stearic acid (0.06 g/1.5mL)LiquidTopicalJayjun Cosmetic Co.,ltd.2018-12-012019-11-01US flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Jayjun Anti Dust Fresh Foam CleanserPalmitic Acid (11.16 g/90mL) + Lauric acid (6.30 g/90mL) + Stearic acid (6.84 g/90mL)LiquidTopicalJayjun Cosmetic Co.,ltd.2018-12-012019-11-01US flag
Jayjun New Real Water Brightening Black Mask Step 01 Real Water Shining Vita Cleansing Foa MPalmitic Acid (0.16 g/1.5mL) + Lauric acid (0.04 g/1.5mL) + Stearic acid (0.06 g/1.5mL)LiquidTopicalJayjun Cosmetic Co.,ltd.2018-12-012019-11-01US flag
Jayjun Real Water Brightening Black Mask Step 01 Real Water Cleansing Foa MPalmitic Acid (0.25 g/1.5mL) + Lauric acid (0.06 g/1.5mL) + Myristic acid (0.06 g/1.5mL) + Stearic acid (0.07 g/1.5mL)LiquidTopicalJayjun Cosmetic Co.,ltd.2018-12-012019-11-01US flag
Jayjun Real Water Shining Cleansing Foa MPalmitic Acid (22.35 g/150mL) + Lauric acid (5.25 g/150mL) + Stearic acid (11.40 g/150mL)Injectable FoamTopicalJayjun Cosmetic Co.,ltd.2018-12-012019-11-01US flag
Jayjun Real Water Shining Vita Cleansing Foa MPalmitic Acid (16.50 g/150mL) + Lauric acid (4.50 g/150mL) + Myristic acid (4.50 g/150mL) + Stearic acid (6.45 g/150mL)Injectable FoamTopicalJayjun Cosmetic Co.,ltd.2018-12-012019-11-01US flag

Categories

Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Lipids and lipid-like molecules
Class
Fatty Acyls
Sub Class
Fatty acids and conjugates
Direct Parent
Long-chain fatty acids
Alternative Parents
Straight chain fatty acids / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Carbonyl compounds
Substituents
Aliphatic acyclic compound / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid / Carboxylic acid derivative / Hydrocarbon derivative / Long-chain fatty acid / Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound / Organooxygen compound
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
long-chain fatty acid, straight-chain saturated fatty acid (CHEBI:15756) / Straight chain fatty acids, Saturated fatty acids (C00249) / Straight chain fatty acids (LMFA01010001)
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
2V16EO95H1
CAS number
57-10-3
InChI Key
IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18)
IUPAC Name
hexadecanoic acid
SMILES
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O

References

Synthesis Reference

Walter R. Fehr, Earl G. Hammond, "Elevated palmitic acid production in soybeans." U.S. Patent US5750846, issued February, 1997.

US5750846
General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0000220
KEGG Drug
D05341
KEGG Compound
C00249
PubChem Compound
985
PubChem Substance
46506400
ChemSpider
960
BindingDB
50152850
RxNav
1370621
ChEBI
15756
ChEMBL
CHEMBL82293
ZINC
ZINC000006072466
Guide to Pharmacology
GtP Drug Page
PDBe Ligand
PLM
Wikipedia
Palmitic_acid
PDB Entries
1aca / 1b0o / 1b56 / 1be2 / 1cov / 1e12 / 1e7h / 1eh5 / 1ev1 / 1gxa
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MSDS
Download (73 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
2CompletedDiagnosticCoronary Artery Disease (CAD)1
2CompletedTreatmentHypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure1
2TerminatedPreventionChronic Lung Disease of Prematurity / Premature Births / Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn1
0CompletedBasic ScienceFatty Liver1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
CapsuleOral
LiquidTopical
Injectable foamTopical
Powder, for solutionIntravenous
OintmentTopical
SuspensionEndotracheal
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)61.8 °CPhysProp
boiling point (°C)351.5 °CPhysProp
water solubility0.04 mg/L (at 25 °C)ROBB.ID (1966)
logP7.17SANGSTER (1993)
logS-6.81ADME Research, USCD
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.000407 mg/mLALOGPS
logP7.23ALOGPS
logP6.26Chemaxon
logS-5.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.95Chemaxon
Physiological Charge-1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area37.3 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count14Chemaxon
Refractivity77.08 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability34.36 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings0Chemaxon
Bioavailability0Chemaxon
Rule of FiveNoChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9888
Blood Brain Barrier+0.9488
Caco-2 permeable+0.8326
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.6321
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.9598
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9277
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.9266
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.7886
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.8956
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.6982
CYP450 1A2 substrateInhibitor0.8326
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8808
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9554
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9578
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9484
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.9647
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.9865
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.6452
BiodegradationReady biodegradable0.8795
Rat acute toxicity1.3275 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9322
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.8868
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Download (10.5 KB)
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (1 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-014i-0901000000-51ee83f9462d25fa4045
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (1 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-0100-9700000000-3d8b6cf4736afa482b57
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS)GC-MSsplash10-0159-2901000000-fb423e89a78708021db1
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-0006-9610000000-f75185fa40c090817f46
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-0abc-9110000000-6d7f0dbe5b588850b941
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-014i-0901000000-51ee83f9462d25fa4045
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-0100-9700000000-3d8b6cf4736afa482b57
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSGC-MSsplash10-0159-2901000000-fb423e89a78708021db1
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSGC-MSsplash10-0159-2901000000-fb423e89a78708021db1
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOFGC-MSsplash10-014i-1900000000-d7638a578d846871e670
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)MSsplash10-06xx-9100000000-7ac9cd088cb9cb9f7560
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-39c3a0e17432781e9760
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-8ec1a6953701fc22ce27
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0fba-9200000000-23c995bf81d5ef609489
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0abc-9110000000-12f1884d67998fb924a5
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-0091010000-6922411e48d747e592b5
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 30V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-0091010000-6922411e48d747e592b5
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 10V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-0091010000-6922411e48d747e592b5
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 20V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-004i-0091010000-6922411e48d747e592b5
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0091000000-4f6858c1cc0f04cbabf5
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-14e58eecd83ba52123c2
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 30V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-c3f9f4d5c336137b7fcf
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 10V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-47919da3faa8e0f52bbc
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF 20V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-fdd9e98416da12470fe9
MS/MS Spectrum - ESI-TOF , NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0091000000-4f6858c1cc0f04cbabf5
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-223f4eff3e7317becc5f
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-b8d2b3a35e69dec8d778
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-f22762c18b3f60b84574
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-06di-0060900000-1ee2cc4eeef223b6220d
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-06di-0070900000-639764620ee4d4bf831d
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-TOF , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-c3f9f4d5c336137b7fcf
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-TOF , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-47919da3faa8e0f52bbc
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-TOF , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-fdd9e98416da12470fe9
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0190000000-52c7106f2cfc09665c35
MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0190000000-c199865dcd8bfe2fdc8c
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4r-9570000000-636da60504a757201ed3
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-54b4e5df952924aa7de5
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-ff8632605f48350bdaff
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0ac0-9200000000-50a8627db13d931f4bbd
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9810000000-dfebb8380cd20792efe0
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4l-9000000000-cbe5b32fe6c29204ecb9
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum2D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-192.5867687
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-191.9876687
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-192.6934687
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-191.9217687
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-161.9157
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+165.93608
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+174.95392
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Lactose synthase activity
Specific Function
Regulatory subunit of lactose synthase, changes the substrate specificity of galactosyltransferase in the mammary gland making glucose a good acceptor substrate for this enzyme. This enables LS to ...
Gene Name
LALBA
Uniprot ID
P00709
Uniprot Name
Alpha-lactalbumin
Molecular Weight
16224.695 Da
References
  1. Barbana C, Perez MD, Pocovi C, Sanchez L, Wehbi Z: Interaction of human alpha-lactalbumin with fatty acids: determination of binding parameters. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2008 Jun;73(6):711-6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Ligand-activated transcription factor. Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleyleth...
Gene Name
PPARA
Uniprot ID
Q07869
Uniprot Name
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
Molecular Weight
52224.595 Da
References
  1. Murakami K, Ide T, Suzuki M, Mochizuki T, Kadowaki T: Evidence for direct binding of fatty acids and eicosanoids to human peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jul 14;260(3):609-13. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Photoreceptor activity
Specific Function
Photoreceptor required for image-forming vision at low light intensity. Required for photoreceptor cell viability after birth. Light-induced isomerization of 11-cis to all-trans retinal triggers a ...
Gene Name
RHO
Uniprot ID
P08100
Uniprot Name
Rhodopsin
Molecular Weight
38892.335 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Palmitoyl-coa hydrolase activity
Specific Function
Removes thioester-linked fatty acyl groups such as palmitate from modified cysteine residues in proteins or peptides during lysosomal degradation. Prefers acyl chain lengths of 14 to 18 carbons.
Gene Name
PPT1
Uniprot ID
P50897
Uniprot Name
Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1
Molecular Weight
34193.245 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
May play a role in lipid transport protein in Schwann cells. May bind cholesterol.
Gene Name
PMP2
Uniprot ID
P02689
Uniprot Name
Myelin P2 protein
Molecular Weight
14909.305 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Small molecule binding
Specific Function
This protein is, quantitatively, the main protein synthesized and secreted in the endometrium from mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and during the first semester of pregnancy.
Gene Name
PAEP
Uniprot ID
P09466
Uniprot Name
Glycodelin
Molecular Weight
20624.015 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Transcription factor. Has a lower transcription activation potential than HNF4-alpha.
Gene Name
HNF4G
Uniprot ID
Q14541
Uniprot Name
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-gamma
Molecular Weight
45876.235 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Lipid binding
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
Not Available
Uniprot ID
P83812
Uniprot Name
Lipid binding protein
Molecular Weight
32173.81 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP2C8
Uniprot ID
P10632
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2C8
Molecular Weight
55824.275 Da
References
  1. Schoch GA, Yano JK, Wester MR, Griffin KJ, Stout CD, Johnson EF: Structure of human microsomal cytochrome P450 2C8. Evidence for a peripheral fatty acid binding site. J Biol Chem. 2004 Mar 5;279(10):9497-503. Epub 2003 Dec 15. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Not Available
Specific Function
May play a role in vesicular transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi.
Gene Name
TRAPPC3
Uniprot ID
O43617
Uniprot Name
Trafficking protein particle complex subunit 3
Molecular Weight
20273.915 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Thermotoga maritima (strain ATCC 43589 / MSB8 / DSM 3109 / JCM 10099)
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Lipid binding
Specific Function
Binds long-chain fatty acids, such as palmitate, and may play a role in lipid transport or fatty acid metabolism.
Gene Name
Not Available
Uniprot ID
Q9X1H9
Uniprot Name
Fatty acid-binding protein TM_1468
Molecular Weight
32574.335 Da

Carriers

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Toxic substance binding
Specific Function
Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
Gene Name
ALB
Uniprot ID
P02768
Uniprot Name
Serum albumin
Molecular Weight
69365.94 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Simard JR, Zunszain PA, Hamilton JA, Curry S: Location of high and low affinity fatty acid binding sites on human serum albumin revealed by NMR drug-competition analysis. J Mol Biol. 2006 Aug 11;361(2):336-51. Epub 2006 Jun 30. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
Lipid transport protein in adipocytes. Binds both long chain fatty acids and retinoic acid. Delivers long-chain fatty acids and retinoic acid to their cognate receptors in the nucleus (By similarity).
Gene Name
FABP4
Uniprot ID
P15090
Uniprot Name
Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte
Molecular Weight
14718.815 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
High specificity for fatty acids. Highest affinity for C18 chain length. Decreasing the chain length or introducing double bonds reduces the affinity. May be involved in keratinocyte differentiation.
Gene Name
FABP5
Uniprot ID
Q01469
Uniprot Name
Fatty acid-binding protein, epidermal
Molecular Weight
15164.36 Da
References
  1. Zimmerman AW, van Moerkerk HT, Veerkamp JH: Ligand specificity and conformational stability of human fatty acid-binding proteins. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2001 Sep;33(9):865-76. doi: 10.1016/s1357-2725(01)00070-x. [Article]
  2. Hyder A, Zenhom M, Klapper M, Herrmann J, Schrezenmeir J: Expression of fatty acid binding proteins 3 and 5 genes in rat pancreatic islets and INS-1E cells: regulation by fatty acids and glucose. Islets. 2010 May-Jun;2(3):174-84. doi: 10.4161/isl.2.3.11454. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Oleic acid binding
Specific Function
FABP are thought to play a role in the intracellular transport of long-chain fatty acids and their acyl-CoA esters.
Gene Name
FABP3
Uniprot ID
P05413
Uniprot Name
Fatty acid-binding protein, heart
Molecular Weight
14857.93 Da
References
  1. Zanotti G, Scapin G, Spadon P, Veerkamp JH, Sacchettini JC: Three-dimensional structure of recombinant human muscle fatty acid-binding protein. J Biol Chem. 1992 Sep 15;267(26):18541-50. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
FABP are thought to play a role in the intracellular transport of long-chain fatty acids and their acyl-CoA esters. FABP2 is probably involved in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein synthesis. Binds satu...
Gene Name
FABP2
Uniprot ID
P12104
Uniprot Name
Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal
Molecular Weight
15207.165 Da
References
  1. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at November 21, 2021 16:25