DrugBank: Human Serum Albumin (DB00062)

targets (3) enzymes (3)

Identification

Name

Human Serum Albumin

Accession Number

DB00062 (BIOD00059, BTD00059)

Type

biotech

Groups

approved

Description

Human serum albumin isolated from expired blood plasma

Protein structure

Display: 3D Structure

Protein chemical formula

C₂₉₃₆H₄₆₂₄N₇₈₆O₈₈₉S₄₁

Protein average weight

66472.2000

Sequences

>DB00062 sequence
DAHKSEVAHRFKDLGEENFKALVLIAFAQYLQQCPFEDHVKLVNEVTEFAKTCVADESAE
NCDKSLHTLFGDKLCTVATLRETYGEMADCCAKQEPERNECFLQHKDDNPNLPRLVRPEV
DVMCTAFHDNEETFLKKYLYEIARRHPYFYAPELLFFAKRYKAAFTECCQAADKAACLLP
KLDELRDEGKASSAKQRLKCASLQKFGERAFKAWAVARLSQRFPKAEFAEVSKLVTDLTK
VHTECCHGDLLECADDRADLAKYICENQDSISSKLKECCEKPLLEKSHCIAEVENDEMPA
DLPSLAADFVESKDVCKNYAEAKDVFLGMFLYEYARRHPDYSVVLLLRLAKTYETTLEKC
CAAADPHECYAKVFDEFKPLVEEPQNLIKQNCELFEQLGEYKFQNALLVRYTKKVPQVST
PTLVEVSRNLGKVGSKCCKHPEAKRMPCAEDYLSVVLNQLCVLHEKTPVSDRVTKCCTES
LVNRRPCFSALEVDETYVPKEFNAETFTFHADICTLSEKERQIKKQTALVELVKHKPKAT
KEQLKAVMDDFAAFVEKCCKADDKETCFAEEGKKLVAASQAALGL

FASTA

Synonyms

Serum albumin precursor

Salts

Not Available

Brand names

Name	Company
Albutein (Alpha Therapeutic Corp)

Brand mixtures

Not Available

Categories

Serum substitutes

CAS number

9048-49-1

Taxonomy

Kingdom

Not Available

Classes

Not Available

Substructures

Not Available

Pharmacology

Indication

For treatment of severe blood loss, hypervolemia, hypoproteinemia

Pharmacodynamics

Regulates the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood. It is used to increase the circulating plasma volume, thereby reducing hemoconcentrtion and blood viscosity. Also used as a transport protein that binds naturally occurring, therapeutic and toxic materials in circulation.

Mechanism of action

Acts as a high molecular weight, very soluble osmolyte

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Not Available

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Toxicity

Not Available

Affected organisms

Humans and other mammals

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

Dosage forms

Form	Route	Strength
Injection, solution	Intravenous

Prices

Unit description	Cost	Unit
Buminate 25% iv solution	2.22 USD	ml
Albumin 25% iv solution	1.97 USD	ml
Albutein 25% vial	1.32 USD	ml
Buminate 5% iv solution	0.44 USD	ml
Albutein 5% iv solution	0.43 USD	ml
Albumin (human) 5% iv solution	0.3 USD	ml

DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.

Patents

Not Available

Properties

State

liquid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point	62 °C	Flora, K. et al., Biophys J. 75:1084-1096 (1998)
hydrophobicity	-0.395	Not Available
isoelectric point	5.67	Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

General Reference

Not Available

External Links

Resource	Link
UniProt	P02768
Genbank	M12523
PharmGKB	PA164743293
Drug Product Database	427675
RxList	http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/albumin.htm

ATC Codes

Not Available

AHFS Codes

Not Available

PDB Entries

1HA2

FDA label

Not Available

MSDS

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions

Searched, but no interactions found.

Food Interactions

Not Available

Targets
1. Apolipoprotein E Pharmacological action: unknown Mediates the binding, internalization, and catabolism of lipoprotein particles. It can serve as a ligand for the LDL (apo B/E) receptor and for the specific apo-E receptor (chylomicron remnant) of hepatic tissues Organism class: human UniProt ID: P02649 Gene: APOE Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Michaelis K, Hoffmann MM, Dreis S, Herbert E, Alyautdin RN, Michaelis M, Kreuter J, Langer K: Covalent linkage of apolipoprotein e to albumin nanoparticles strongly enhances drug transport into the brain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Jun;317(3):1246-53. Epub 2006 Mar 22. Pubmed Yamashita T, Kawashima S, Hirase T, Shinohara M, Takaya T, Sasaki N, Takeda M, Tawa H, Inoue N, Hirata K, Yokoyama M: Xenogenic macrophage immunization reduces atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007 Sep;293(3):C865-73. Epub 2007 Jun 6. Pubmed Yuan ZY, Liu Y, Kishimoto C, Shioji K, Yokode M, Liu ZQ: [The Fc region of immunoglobulin suppresses atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice] Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2003 Mar 25;83(6):489-93. Pubmed Mojzisova H, Bonneau S, Vever-Bizet C, Brault D: The pH-dependent distribution of the photosensitizer chlorin e6 among plasma proteins and membranes: a physico-chemical approach. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Feb;1768(2):366-74. Epub 2006 Oct 25. Pubmed Yuan Z, Kishimoto C, Sano H, Shioji K, Xu Y, Yokode M: Immunoglobulin treatment suppresses atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice via the Fc portion. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2003 Aug;285(2):H899-906. Pubmed 2. Serum amyloid A protein Pharmacological action: unknown Major acute phase reactant. Apolipoprotein of the HDL complex Organism class: human UniProt ID: P02735 Gene: SAA1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed 3. AMBP protein Pharmacological action: unknown Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, present in plasma and urine, inhibits trypsin, plasmin, and lysosomal granulocytic elastase Organism class: human UniProt ID: P02760 Gene: AMBP Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Sala A, Campagnoli M, Perani E, Romano A, Labo S, Monzani E, Minchiotti L, Galliano M: Human alpha-1-microglobulin is covalently bound to kynurenine-derived chromophores. J Biol Chem. 2004 Dec 3;279(49):51033-41. Epub 2004 Sep 27. Pubmed

Targets

1. Apolipoprotein E

Pharmacological action: unknown

Mediates the binding, internalization, and catabolism of lipoprotein particles. It can serve as a ligand for the LDL (apo B/E) receptor and for the specific apo-E receptor (chylomicron remnant) of hepatic tissues

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P02649 Link_out

Gene: APOE Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Michaelis K, Hoffmann MM, Dreis S, Herbert E, Alyautdin RN, Michaelis M, Kreuter J, Langer K: Covalent linkage of apolipoprotein e to albumin nanoparticles strongly enhances drug transport into the brain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Jun;317(3):1246-53. Epub 2006 Mar 22. Pubmed
Yamashita T, Kawashima S, Hirase T, Shinohara M, Takaya T, Sasaki N, Takeda M, Tawa H, Inoue N, Hirata K, Yokoyama M: Xenogenic macrophage immunization reduces atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007 Sep;293(3):C865-73. Epub 2007 Jun 6. Pubmed
Yuan ZY, Liu Y, Kishimoto C, Shioji K, Yokode M, Liu ZQ: [The Fc region of immunoglobulin suppresses atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice] Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2003 Mar 25;83(6):489-93. Pubmed
Mojzisova H, Bonneau S, Vever-Bizet C, Brault D: The pH-dependent distribution of the photosensitizer chlorin e6 among plasma proteins and membranes: a physico-chemical approach. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Feb;1768(2):366-74. Epub 2006 Oct 25. Pubmed
Yuan Z, Kishimoto C, Sano H, Shioji K, Xu Y, Yokode M: Immunoglobulin treatment suppresses atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice via the Fc portion. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2003 Aug;285(2):H899-906. Pubmed

2. Serum amyloid A protein

Pharmacological action: unknown

Major acute phase reactant. Apolipoprotein of the HDL complex

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P02735 Link_out

Gene: SAA1 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed

3. AMBP protein

Pharmacological action: unknown

Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, present in plasma and urine, inhibits trypsin, plasmin, and lysosomal granulocytic elastase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P02760 Link_out

Gene: AMBP Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Sala A, Campagnoli M, Perani E, Romano A, Labo S, Monzani E, Minchiotti L, Galliano M: Human alpha-1-microglobulin is covalently bound to kynurenine-derived chromophores. J Biol Chem. 2004 Dec 3;279(49):51033-41. Epub 2004 Sep 27. Pubmed

Enzymes
1. Cytochrome P450 2C9 Actions: inhibitor Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S- warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan UniProt ID: P11712 Gene: CYP2C9 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Zhou Q, Matsumoto S, Ding LR, Fischer NE, Inaba T: The comparative interaction of human and bovine serum albumins with CYP2C9 in human liver microsomes. Life Sci. 2004 Sep 17;75(18):2145-55. Pubmed] 2. Myeloperoxidase Actions: substrate Part of the host defense system of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It is responsible for microbicidal activity against a wide range of organisms. In the stimulated PMN, MPO catalyzes the production of hypohalous acids, primarily hypochlorous acid in physiologic situations, and other toxic intermediates that greatly enhance PMN microbicidal activity UniProt ID: P05164 Gene: MPO Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Salavej P, Spalteholz H, Arnhold J: Modification of amino acid residues in human serum albumin by myeloperoxidase. Free Radic Biol Med. 2006 Feb 1;40(3):516-25. Epub 2005 Nov 9. Pubmed Senthilmohan R, Kettle AJ: Bromination and chlorination reactions of myeloperoxidase at physiological concentrations of bromide and chloride. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2006 Jan 15;445(2):235-44. Epub 2005 Aug 3. Pubmed 3. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 Actions: inducer UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform has specificity for phenols UniProt ID: O60656 Gene: UGT1A9 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Rowland A, Knights KM, Mackenzie PI, Miners JO: The “albumin effect” and drug glucuronidation: bovine serum albumin and fatty acid-free human serum albumin enhance the glucuronidation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A9 substrates but not UGT1A1 and UGT1A6 activities. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Jun;36(6):1056-62. Epub 2008 Mar 24. Pubmed

Enzymes

1. Cytochrome P450 2C9

Actions: inhibitor

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S- warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan

UniProt ID: P11712 Link_out

Gene: CYP2C9
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Zhou Q, Matsumoto S, Ding LR, Fischer NE, Inaba T: The comparative interaction of human and bovine serum albumins with CYP2C9 in human liver microsomes. Life Sci. 2004 Sep 17;75(18):2145-55. Pubmed]

2. Myeloperoxidase

Actions: substrate

Part of the host defense system of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It is responsible for microbicidal activity against a wide range of organisms. In the stimulated PMN, MPO catalyzes the production of hypohalous acids, primarily hypochlorous acid in physiologic situations, and other toxic intermediates that greatly enhance PMN microbicidal activity

UniProt ID: P05164 Link_out

Gene: MPO

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Salavej P, Spalteholz H, Arnhold J: Modification of amino acid residues in human serum albumin by myeloperoxidase. Free Radic Biol Med. 2006 Feb 1;40(3):516-25. Epub 2005 Nov 9. Pubmed
Senthilmohan R, Kettle AJ: Bromination and chlorination reactions of myeloperoxidase at physiological concentrations of bromide and chloride. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2006 Jan 15;445(2):235-44. Epub 2005 Aug 3. Pubmed

3. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9

Actions: inducer

UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform has specificity for phenols

UniProt ID: O60656 Link_out

Gene: UGT1A9 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Rowland A, Knights KM, Mackenzie PI, Miners JO: The “albumin effect” and drug glucuronidation: bovine serum albumin and fatty acid-free human serum albumin enhance the glucuronidation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A9 substrates but not UGT1A1 and UGT1A6 activities. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Jun;36(6):1056-62. Epub 2008 Mar 24. Pubmed

Comments

Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on August 04, 2011 21:37