Banner
targets (15) enzymes (1)
for drugs
Identification
Name Cabergoline
Accession Number DB00248 (APRD00836)
Type small molecule
Groups approved
Description

Cabergoline, an ergot derivative, is a long-acting dopamine agonist and prolactin inhibitor. It is used to treat hyperprolactinemic disorders and Parkinsonian Syndrome. Cabergoline possesses potent agonist activity on dopamine D2 receptors.
Structure Thumb
Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure
Synonyms
  • Cabergolina [Spanish]
  • Cabergolinum [Latin]
Brand names
  • Cabaser (Pfizer)
  • Dostinex (Pfizer)
Brand name mixtures Not Available
Categories
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Antiparkinson Agents
  • Dopamine Agonists
CAS number 81409-90-7
Weight Average: 451.6043
Monoisotopic: 451.294725453
Chemical Formula C26H37N5O2
InChI Key InChIKey=KORNTPPJEAJQIU-KJXAQDMKSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C26H37N5O2/c1-5-11-30-17-19(25(32)31(26(33)27-6-2)13-8-12-29(3)4)14-21-20-9-7-10-22-24(20)18(16-28-22)15-23(21)30/h5,7,9-10,16,19,21,23,28H,1,6,8,11-15,17H2,2-4H3,(H,27,33)/t19-,21-,23-/m1/s1
Plain Text
IUPAC Name
1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethyl-1-{[(2R,4R,7R)-6-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-6,11-diazatetracyclo[7.6.1.0^{2,7}.0^{12,16}]hexadeca-1(15),9,12(16),13-tetraen-4-yl]carbonyl}urea
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CC3=CNC4=C3C(=CC=C4)[C@@]1([H])C[C@H](CN2CC=C)C(=O)N(CCCN(C)C)C(=O)NCC
Plain Text
Mass Spec Not Available
Taxonomy
Kingdom Organic
Classes
  • Ergolines
  • Indoloquinolines
Substructures
  • Ergolines
  • Alkanes and Alkenes
  • Indoles and Indole Derivatives
  • Amino Ketones
  • Pyrroles
  • Benzene and Derivatives
  • Ureas and Derivatives
  • Phenylpiperidines
  • Aliphatic and Aryl Amines
  • Phenethylamines
  • Heterocyclic compounds
  • Aromatic compounds
  • Carboxamides and Derivatives
  • Tryptamines and Derivatives
  • Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
  • Amphetamines
  • Piperidines
  • Indoloquinolines
Pharmacology
Indication For the treatment of hyperprolactinemic disorders, either idiopathic or due to prolactinoma (prolactin-secreting adenomas). May also be used to manage symptoms of Parkinsonian Syndrome as monotherapy during initial symptomatic management or as an adjunct to levodopa therapy during advanced stages of disease.
Pharmacodynamics Cabergoline stimulates centrally-located dopaminergic receptors resulting in a number of pharmacologic effects. Five dopamine receptor types from two dopaminergic subfamilies have been identified. The dopaminergic D1 receptor subfamily consists of D1 and D5 subreceptors, which are associated with dyskinesias. The dopaminergic D2 receptor subfamily consists of D2, D3 and D4 subreceptors, which are associated with improvement of symptoms of movement disorders. Thus, agonist activity specific for D2 subfamily receptors, primarily D2 and D3 receptor subtypes, are the primary targets of dopaminergic antiparkinsonian agents. It is thought that postsynaptic D2 stimulation is primarily responsible for the antiparkinsonian effect of dopamine agonists, while presynaptic D2 stimulation confers neuroprotective effects. This semisynthetic ergot derivative exhibits potent agonist activity on dopamine D2- and D3-receptors. It also exhibits: agonist activity (in order of decreasing binding affinities) on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2B, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1D, dopamine D4, 5-HT1A, dopamine D1, 5-HT1B and 5-HT2C receptors and antagonist activity on α2B, α2A, and α2C receptors. Parkinsonian Syndrome manifests when approximately 80% of dopaminergic activity in the nigrostriatal pathway of the brain is lost. As this striatum is involved in modulating the intensity of coordinated muscle activity (e.g. movement, balance, walking), loss of activity may result in dystonia (acute muscle contraction), Parkinsonism (including symptoms of bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and flattened affect), akathesia (inner restlessness), tardive dyskinesia (involuntary muscle movements usually associated with long-term loss of dopaminergic activity), and neuroleptic malignant syndrome, which manifests when complete blockage of nigrostriatal dopamine occurs. High dopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic pathway of the brain causes hallucinations and delusions; these side effects of dopamine agonists are manifestations seen in patients with schizophrenia who have overractivity in this area of the brain. The hallucinogenic side effects of dopamine agonists may also be due to 5-HT2A agonism. The tuberoinfundibular pathway of the brain originates in the hypothalamus and terminates in the pituitary gland. In this pathway, dopamine inhibits lactotrophs in anterior pituitary from secreting prolactin. Increased dopaminergic activity in the tuberoinfundibular pathway inhibits prolactin secretion.
Mechanism of action The dopamine D2 receptor is a 7-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor associated with Gi proteins. In lactotrophs, stimulation of dopamine D2 causes inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, which decreases intracellular cAMP concentrations and blocks IP3-dependent release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Decreases in intracellular calcium levels may also be brought about via inhibition of calcium influx through voltage-gated calcium channels, rather than via inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. Additionally, receptor activation blocks phosphorylation of p42/p44 MAPK and decreases MAPK/ERK kinase phosphorylation. Inhibition of MAPK appears to be mediated by c-Raf and B-Raf-dependent inhibition of MAPK/ERK kinase. Dopamine-stimulated growth hormone release from the pituitary gland is mediated by a decrease in intracellular calcium influx through voltage-gated calcium channels rather than via adenylyl cyclase inhibition. Stimulation of dopamine D2 receptors in the nigrostriatal pathway leads to improvements in coordinated muscle activity in those with movement disorders. Cabergoline is a long-acting dopamine receptor agonist with a high affinity for D2 receptors. Receptor-binding studies indicate that cabergoline has low affinity for dopamine D1, α1,- and α2- adrenergic, and 5-HT1- and 5-HT2-serotonin receptors.
Absorption First-pass effect is seen, however the absolute bioavailability is unknown.
Volume of distribution Not Available
Protein binding Moderately bound (40% to 42%) to human plasma proteins in a concentration-independent manner.
Metabolism

Hepatic. Cabergoline is extensively metabolized, predominately via hydrolysis of the acylurea bond of the urea moiety. Cytochrome P-450 mediated metabolism appears to be minimal. The main metabolite identified in urine is 6-allyl-8b-carboxy-ergoline (4-6% of dose). Three other metabolites were identified urine (less than 3% of dose).

Route of elimination After oral dosing of radioactive cabergoline to five healthy volunteers, approximately 22% and 60% of the dose was excreted within 20 days in the urine and feces, respectively. Less than 4% of the dose was excreted unchanged in the urine.
Half life The elimination half-life is estimated from urinary data of 12 healthy subjects to range between 63 to 69 hours.
Clearance
  • renal cl=0,008 L/min
  • nonrenal cl=3.2 L/min
Toxicity Overdosage might be expected to produce nasal congestion, syncope, or hallucinations.
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals
Pathways Not Available
Pharmacoeconomics
Manufacturers
  • Impax laboratories inc
  • Ivax pharmaceuticals inc sub teva pharmaceuticals usa
  • Par pharmaceutical inc
  • Watson laboratories inc
  • Pharmacia and upjohn co
Packagers
Dosage forms
Form Route Strength
Tablet Oral 0.5 mg
Prices
Unit description Cost Unit
Cabergoline 0.5 mg tablet 37.39 USD tablet
Patents Not Available
Properties
State solid
Melting point 102 - 104 oC
Experimental Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility Insoluble PhysProp
logP 2.6 PhysProp
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
water solubility 6.40e-02 g/l ALOGPS
logP 2.97 ALOGPS
logP 2.58 ChemAxon Molconvert
logS -3.85 ALOGPS
pKa 17.07 ChemAxon Molconvert
hydrogen acceptor count 4 ChemAxon Molconvert
hydrogen donor count 2 ChemAxon Molconvert
polar surface area 71.68 ChemAxon Molconvert
rotatable bond count 8 ChemAxon Molconvert
refractivity 133.50 ChemAxon Molconvert
polarizability 52.50 ChemAxon Molconvert
References
Synthesis Reference Not Available
General Reference
  1. Pastor P, Tolosa E: [Cabergoline in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease] Neurologia. 2003 May;18(4):202-9. Pubmed
  2. Curran MP, Perry CM: Cabergoline : a review of its use in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Drugs. 2004;64(18):2125-41. Pubmed
  3. Bracco F, Battaglia A, Chouza C, Dupont E, Gershanik O, Marti Masso JF, Montastruc JL: The long-acting dopamine receptor agonist cabergoline in early Parkinson’s disease: final results of a 5-year, double-blind, levodopa-controlled study. CNS Drugs. 2004;18(11):733-46. Pubmed
  4. Miyagi M, Arai N, Taya F, Itoh F, Komatsu Y, Kojima M, Isaji M: Effect of cabergoline, a long-acting dopamine D2 agonist, on reserpine-treated rodents. Biol Pharm Bull. 1996 Nov;19(11):1499-502. Pubmed
External Links
Resource Link
KEGG Drug D00987 Link_out
KEGG Compound C08187 Link_out
PubChem Compound 54746 Link_out
PubChem Substance 46508571 Link_out
ChemSpider 49452 Link_out
ChEBI 3286 Link_out
ChEMBL 3286 Link_out
Therapeutic Targets Database DAP000251 Link_out
PharmGKB PA448708 Link_out
Drug Product Database 2242471 Link_out
RxList http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/cabergoline.htm Link_out
Drugs.com http://www.drugs.com/cdi/cabergoline.html Link_out
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabergoline Link_out
ATC Codes
  • G02CB03
  • N04BC06
AHFS Codes
  • 28:36.20.04
PDB Entries Not Available
FDA label Not Available
MSDS Not Available
Interactions
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions
  • Absorption is not affected by food.
  • Take with food to improve tolerance.
Targets

1. D(2) dopamine receptor

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: agonist

This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P14416 Link_out
Gene: DRD2 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. Pubmed
  2. Lombardi G, Varsaldi F, Miglio G, Papini MG, Battaglia A, Canonico PL: Cabergoline prevents necrotic neuronal death in an in vitro model of oxidative stress. Eur J Pharmacol. 2002 Dec 20;457(2-3):95-8. Pubmed
  3. Kageyama K, Nigawara T, Kamata Y, Takahashi T, Anzai J, Suzuki S, Osamura YR, Suda T: A case of macroprolactinoma with subclinical growth hormone production. Endocr J. 2002 Feb;49(1):41-7. Pubmed
  4. Pastor P, Tolosa E: [Cabergoline in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease] Neurologia. 2003 May;18(4):202-9. Pubmed
  5. Curran MP, Perry CM: Cabergoline : a review of its use in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Drugs. 2004;64(18):2125-41. Pubmed
  6. Miyagi M, Arai N, Taya F, Itoh F, Komatsu Y, Kojima M, Isaji M: Effect of cabergoline, a long-acting dopamine D2 agonist, on reserpine-treated rodents. Biol Pharm Bull. 1996 Nov;19(11):1499-502. Pubmed
  7. Ichikawa K, Kojima M: [Pharmacological effects of cabergoline against parkinsonism] Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2001 Jun;117(6):395-400. Pubmed
  8. Linazasoro G: Conversion from dopamine agonists to cabergoline: an open-label trial in 128 patients with advanced Parkinson disease. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2008 Jan-Feb;31(1):19-24. Pubmed

2. 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: agonist

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P41595 Link_out
Gene: HTR2B Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. Pubmed
  3. Sharif NA: Serotonin-2 receptor agonists as novel ocular hypotensive agents and their cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. Curr Drug Targets. 2010 Aug;11(8):978-93. Pubmed
  4. Sharif NA, McLaughlin MA, Kelly CR, Katoli P, Drace C, Husain S, Crosson C, Toris C, Zhan GL, Camras C: Cabergoline: Pharmacology, ocular hypotensive studies in multiple species, and aqueous humor dynamic modulation in the Cynomolgus monkey eyes. Exp Eye Res. 2009 Mar;88(3):386-97. Epub 2008 Nov 1. Pubmed
  5. Huang XP, Setola V, Yadav PN, Allen JA, Rogan SC, Hanson BJ, Revankar C, Robers M, Doucette C, Roth BL: Parallel functional activity profiling reveals valvulopathogens are potent 5-hydroxytryptamine(2B) receptor agonists: implications for drug safety assessment. Mol Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;76(4):710-22. Epub 2009 Jul 1. Pubmed

3. D(3) dopamine receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: agonist

This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P35462 Link_out
Gene: DRD3 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. Pubmed
  3. Sharif NA, McLaughlin MA, Kelly CR, Katoli P, Drace C, Husain S, Crosson C, Toris C, Zhan GL, Camras C: Cabergoline: Pharmacology, ocular hypotensive studies in multiple species, and aqueous humor dynamic modulation in the Cynomolgus monkey eyes. Exp Eye Res. 2009 Mar;88(3):386-97. Epub 2008 Nov 1. Pubmed

4. 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: agonist

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. This receptor is involved in tracheal smooth muscle contraction, bronchoconstriction, and control of aldosterone production

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P28223 Link_out
Gene: HTR2A Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. Pubmed
  3. Sharif NA: Serotonin-2 receptor agonists as novel ocular hypotensive agents and their cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. Curr Drug Targets. 2010 Aug;11(8):978-93. Pubmed
  4. Sharif NA, McLaughlin MA, Kelly CR, Katoli P, Drace C, Husain S, Crosson C, Toris C, Zhan GL, Camras C: Cabergoline: Pharmacology, ocular hypotensive studies in multiple species, and aqueous humor dynamic modulation in the Cynomolgus monkey eyes. Exp Eye Res. 2009 Mar;88(3):386-97. Epub 2008 Nov 1. Pubmed

5. Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is clonidine > norepinephrine > epinephrine = oxymetazoline > dopamine > p-tyramine = phenylephrine > serotonin > p-synephrine / p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine > chlorpromazine > phentolamine > mianserine > spiperone > prazosin > alprenolol > propanolol > pindolol

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P18089 Link_out
Gene: ADRA2B Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. Pubmed
  3. Sharif NA, McLaughlin MA, Kelly CR, Katoli P, Drace C, Husain S, Crosson C, Toris C, Zhan GL, Camras C: Cabergoline: Pharmacology, ocular hypotensive studies in multiple species, and aqueous humor dynamic modulation in the Cynomolgus monkey eyes. Exp Eye Res. 2009 Mar;88(3):386-97. Epub 2008 Nov 1. Pubmed
  4. Newman-Tancredi A, Cussac D, Audinot V, Nicolas JP, De Ceuninck F, Boutin JA, Millan MJ: Differential actions of antiparkinson agents at multiple classes of monoaminergic receptor. II. Agonist and antagonist properties at subtypes of dopamine D(2)-like receptor and alpha(1)/alpha(2)-adrenoceptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Nov;303(2):805-14. Pubmed

6. 5-hydroxytryptamine 1D receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: agonist

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P28221 Link_out
Gene: HTR1D Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. Pubmed

7. D(4) dopamine receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: agonist

This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P21917 Link_out
Gene: DRD4 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Newman-Tancredi A, Cussac D, Audinot V, Nicolas JP, De Ceuninck F, Boutin JA, Millan MJ: Differential actions of antiparkinson agents at multiple classes of monoaminergic receptor. II. Agonist and antagonist properties at subtypes of dopamine D(2)-like receptor and alpha(1)/alpha(2)-adrenoceptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Nov;303(2):805-14. Pubmed

8. Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is oxymetazoline > clonidine > epinephrine > norepinephrine > phenylephrine > dopamine > p-synephrine > p-tyramine > serotonin = p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine > phentolamine = mianserine > chlorpromazine = spiperone = prazosin > propanolol > alprenolol = pindolol

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P08913 Link_out
Gene: ADRA2A Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. Pubmed
  3. Newman-Tancredi A, Cussac D, Audinot V, Nicolas JP, De Ceuninck F, Boutin JA, Millan MJ: Differential actions of antiparkinson agents at multiple classes of monoaminergic receptor. II. Agonist and antagonist properties at subtypes of dopamine D(2)-like receptor and alpha(1)/alpha(2)-adrenoceptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Nov;303(2):805-14. Pubmed

9. 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: agonist

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P08908 Link_out
Gene: HTR1A Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. Pubmed
  3. Sharif NA, McLaughlin MA, Kelly CR, Katoli P, Drace C, Husain S, Crosson C, Toris C, Zhan GL, Camras C: Cabergoline: Pharmacology, ocular hypotensive studies in multiple species, and aqueous humor dynamic modulation in the Cynomolgus monkey eyes. Exp Eye Res. 2009 Mar;88(3):386-97. Epub 2008 Nov 1. Pubmed

10. Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P18825 Link_out
Gene: ADRA2C Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. Pubmed
  3. Newman-Tancredi A, Cussac D, Audinot V, Nicolas JP, De Ceuninck F, Boutin JA, Millan MJ: Differential actions of antiparkinson agents at multiple classes of monoaminergic receptor. II. Agonist and antagonist properties at subtypes of dopamine D(2)-like receptor and alpha(1)/alpha(2)-adrenoceptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Nov;303(2):805-14. Pubmed

11. D(1B) dopamine receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: agonist

This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P21918 Link_out
Gene: DRD5 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Kvernmo T, Hartter S, Burger E: A review of the receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopamine agonists. Clin Ther. 2006 Aug;28(8):1065-78. Pubmed
  3. Ichikawa K, Kojima M: [Pharmacological effects of cabergoline against parkinsonism] Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2001 Jun;117(6):395-400. Pubmed

12. D(1A) dopamine receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: agonist

This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P21728 Link_out
Gene: DRD1 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. Pubmed
  3. Kvernmo T, Hartter S, Burger E: A review of the receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopamine agonists. Clin Ther. 2006 Aug;28(8):1065-78. Pubmed
  4. Ichikawa K, Kojima M: [Pharmacological effects of cabergoline against parkinsonism] Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2001 Jun;117(6):395-400. Pubmed

13. 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: agonist

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P28222 Link_out
Gene: HTR1B Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. Pubmed

14. 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: agonist

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P28335 Link_out
Gene: HTR2C Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
  2. Lam YW: Clinical pharmacology of dopamine agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jan;20(1 Pt 2):17S-25S. Pubmed
  3. Sharif NA: Serotonin-2 receptor agonists as novel ocular hypotensive agents and their cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. Curr Drug Targets. 2010 Aug;11(8):978-93. Pubmed
  4. Sharif NA, McLaughlin MA, Kelly CR, Katoli P, Drace C, Husain S, Crosson C, Toris C, Zhan GL, Camras C: Cabergoline: Pharmacology, ocular hypotensive studies in multiple species, and aqueous humor dynamic modulation in the Cynomolgus monkey eyes. Exp Eye Res. 2009 Mar;88(3):386-97. Epub 2008 Nov 1. Pubmed

15. 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 receptor

Pharmacological action: unknown
Actions: antagonist

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P34969 Link_out
Gene: HTR7 Link_out
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Sharif NA, McLaughlin MA, Kelly CR, Katoli P, Drace C, Husain S, Crosson C, Toris C, Zhan GL, Camras C: Cabergoline: Pharmacology, ocular hypotensive studies in multiple species, and aqueous humor dynamic modulation in the Cynomolgus monkey eyes. Exp Eye Res. 2009 Mar;88(3):386-97. Epub 2008 Nov 1. Pubmed
Enzymes

1. Cytochrome P450 3A4

Actions: substrate, inhibitor

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4- hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide

UniProt ID: P08684 Link_out
Gene: CYP3A4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:
  1. Kvernmo T, Houben J, Sylte I: Receptor-binding and pharmacokinetic properties of dopaminergic agonists. Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(12):1049-67. Pubmed
Comments
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on April 19, 2011 15:02

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.