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Showing drug card for Nitroprusside (DB00325)

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Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-06-13 13:24:05
Update Date 2009-06-23 18:06:19
Primary Accession Number DB00325
Secondary Accession Number
  • APRD01143
Name Nitroprusside
Drug Type
  • Approved
  • Small Molecule
Description Nitroprusside serves as a source of nitric oxide, a potent peripheral vasodilator that affects both arterioles and venules (venules more than arterioles). Nitroprusside is often administered intravenously to patients who are experiencing a hypertensive emergency. [Wikipedia]
Synonyms
  1. Disodium nitroprusside dihydrate
  2. Sodium Nitroprusside
  3. Sodium nitroferricyanide dihydrate
  4. Sodium nitroprusside dihydrate
  5. Sodium nitroprusside extra pure
Brand Names
  1. Nipride
  2. Nitropress
Brand Mixtures
  1. Cora-Bosan B43 (Potassium Carbonate + Sodium Nitroprusside + Squill)
Chemical IUPAC Name iron(+4) cation; oxoazanide; pentacyanide
Chemical Formula C5FeN6O
Chemical Structure Structure
CAS Registry Number 15078-28-1
InChI Identifier InChI=1/5CN.Fe.NO/c5*1-2;;1-2/q5*-1;+4;-1
InChI Key PAORBFBZBNPTCL-UHFFFAOYAY
KEGG Drug Not Available
KEGG Compound C07269 Link Image
PubChem Compound 11963622 Link Image
PubChem Substance 8145943 Link Image
ChEBI ID 7596 Link Image
PharmGKB ID Not Available
HET ID Not Available
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] 00336459 Link Image
RxList Link http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/nitroprusside.htm Link Image
PDRhealth Link Not Available
Wikipedia Link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitroprusside Link Image
FDA Label Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Synthesis Reference Not Available
Average Molecular Weight 215.9380
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 215.9483
State Solid
Melting Point Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility Not Available Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP Not Available Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogS Not Available
Predicted LogS Not Available Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental Caco2 Permeability Not Available
pKa/Isoelectric Point Not Available
Mass Spectrum Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Isomeric SMILES [Fe+4].[N-]=O.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N
Canonical SMILES [Fe+4].[N-]=O.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N
Drug Category
  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Indicators and Reagents
  • Nitric Oxide Donors
  • Vasodilator Agents
ATC Codes
AHFS Codes
  • 24:08.20
Indication For immediate reduction of blood pressure of patients in hypertensive crises, reduce bleeding during surgery, and for the treatment of acute congestive heart failure
Pharmacology Nitroprusside a powerful vasodilator relaxes the vascular smooth muscle and produce consequent dilatation of peripheral arteries and veins. Other smooth muscle (e.g., uterus, duodenum) is not affected. Sodium nitroprusside is more active on veins than on arteries.
Mechanism of Action One molecule of sodium nitroprusside is metabolized by combination with hemoglobin to produce one molecule of cyanmethemoglobin and four CN- ions; methemoglobin, obtained from hemoglobin, can sequester cyanide as cyanmethemoglobin; thiosulfate reacts with cyanide to produce thiocyanate; thiocyanate is eliminated in the urine; cyanide not otherwise removed binds to cytochromes. Cyanide ion is normally found in serum; it is derived from dietary substrates and from tobacco smoke. Cyanide binds avidly (but reversibly) to ferric ion (Fe+++), most body stores of which are found in erythrocyte methemoglobin (metHgb) and in mitochondrial cytochromes. When CN is infused or generated within the bloodstream, essentially all of it is bound to methemoglobin until intraerythrocytic methemoglobin has been saturated.
Absorption Not Available
Toxicity Overdosage of nitroprusside can be manifested as excessive hypotension or cyanide toxicity or as thiocyanate toxicity. The acute intravenous mean lethal doses (LD50) of nitroprusside in rabbits, dogs, mice, and rats are 2.8, 5.0, 8.4, and 11.2 mg/kg, respectively.
Protein Binding Not Available
Biotransformation Metabolized by reaction with hemoglobin to produce cyanmethemoglobin and cynide ions
Half Life Approximately 2 minutes
Dosage Forms
Form Route
Powder, for solution Intravenous
Patient Information Not Available
Contraindications Show Link Image
Interactions Show Link Image
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available
Pathways Not Available
General References
  1. Wikipedia Link Image
  2. RxList Link Image
Organisms Affected
  • Humans and other mammals
Targets
  1. Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor A
Drug Target 1 [top]
Target 1 ID 613
Target 1 Name Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor A
Target 1 Synonyms
  1. ANP-A
  2. ANPRA
  3. Atrial natriuretic peptide A-type receptor
  4. Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor A precursor
  5. EC 4.6.1.2
  6. GC-A
  7. Guanylate cyclase
  8. NPR-A
Target 1 Gene Name NPR1
Target 1 Protein Sequence >Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor A precursor 
MPGPRRPAGSRLRLLLLLLLPPLLLLLRGSHAGNLTVAVVLPLANTSYPWSWARVGPAVE
LALAQVKARPDLLPGWTVRTVLGSSENALGVCSDTAAPLAAVDLKWEHNPAVFLGPGCVY
AAAPVGRFTAHWRVPLLTAGAPALGFGVKDEYALTTRAGPSYAKLGDFVAALHRRLGWER
QALMLYAYRPGDEEHCFFLVEGLFMRVRDRLNITVDHLEFAEDDLSHYTRLLRTMPRKGR
VIYICSSPDAFRTLMLLALEAGLCGEDYVFFHLDIFGQSLQGGQGPAPRRPWERGDGQDV
SARQAFQAAKIITYKDPDNPEYLEFLKQLKHLAYEQFNFTMEDGLVNTIPASFHDGLLLY
IQAVTETLAHGGTVTDGENITQRMWNRSFQGVTGYLKIDSSGDRETDFSLWDMDPENGAF
RVVLNYNGTSQELVAVSGRKLNWPLGYPPPDIPKCGFDNEDPACNQDHLSTLEVLALVGS
LSLLGILIVSFFIYRKMQLEKELASELWRVRWEDVEPSSLERHLRSAGSRLTLSGRGSNY
GSLLTTEGQFQVFAKTAYYKGNLVAVKRVNRKRIELTRKVLFELKHMRDVQNEHLTRFVG
ACTDPPNICILTEYCPRGSLQDILENESITLDWMFRYSLTNDIVKGMLFLHNGAICSHGN
LKSSNCVVDGRFVLKITDYGLESFRDLDPEQGHTVYAKKLWTAPELLRMASPPVRGSQAG
DVYSFGIILQEIALRSGVFHVEGLDLSPKEIIERVTRGEQPPFRPSLALQSHLEELGLLM
QRCWAEDPQERPPFQQIRLTLRKFNRENSSNILDNLLSRMEQYANNLEELVEERTQAYLE
EKRKAEALLYQILPHSVAEQLKRGETVQAEAFDSVTIYFSDIVGFTALSAESTPMQVVTL
LNDLYTCFDAVIDNFDVYKVETIGDAYMVVSGLPVRNGRLHACEVARMALALLDAVRSFR
IRHRPQEQLRLRIGIHTGPVCAGVVGLKMPRYCLFGDTVNTASRMESNGEALKIHLSSET
KAVLEEFGGFELELRGDVEMKGKGKVRTYWLLGERGSSTRG
Target 1 Number of Residues 1078
Target 1 Molecular Weight 118921
Target 1 Theoretical pI 6.61
Target 1 GO Classification
Function
protein-tyrosine kinase activity
binding
nucleotide binding
purine nucleotide binding
adenyl nucleotide binding
ATP binding
transferase activity
transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
kinase activity
protein kinase activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
G-protein coupled receptor activity
rhodopsin-like receptor activity
peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled
catalytic activity
lyase activity
phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity
Process
macromolecule metabolism
biopolymer metabolism
biopolymer modification
protein modification
protein amino acid phosphorylation
physiological process
metabolism
cellular metabolism
nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
nucleotide metabolism
nucleotide biosynthesis
cyclic nucleotide biosynthesis
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
intracellular signaling cascade
Component
cell
membrane
Target 1 General Function Signal transduction mechanisms
Target 1 Specific Function Receptor for atrial natriuretic peptide. Has guanylate cyclase activity on binding of ANF
Target 1 Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Purine metabolism SMP00050 Link Image map00230 Link Image
Target 1 Reactions
  • GTP = 3',5'-cyclic GMP + diphosphate
Target 1 Pfam Domain Function
Target 1 Signals
  • 1-32
Target 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • 474-494
Target 1 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 1 GenBank ID Protein 28230 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P16066 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ANPRA_HUMAN Link Image
Target 1 PDB ID Not Available
Target 1 Cellular Location
  • Membrane
  • single-pass type I membrane protein
Target 1 Gene Sequence >3186 bp 
ATGCCGGGGCCCCGGCGCCCCGCTGGCTCCCGCCTGCGCCTGCTCCTGCTCCTGCTGCTG
CCGCCGCTGCTGCTGCTGCTCCGGGGCAGCCACGCGGGCAACCTGACGGTAGCCGTGGTA
CTGCCGCTGGCCAATACCTCGTACCCCTGGTCGTGGGCGCGCGTGGGACCCGCCGTGGAG
CTGGCCCTGGCCCAGGTGAAGGCGCGCCCCGACTTGCTGCCGGGCTGGACGGTCCGCACG
GTGCTGGGCAGCAGCGAAAACGCGCTGGGCGTCTGCTCCGACACCGCAGCGCCCCTGGCC
GCGGTGGACCTCAAGTGGGAGCACAACCCCGCTGTGTTCCTGGGCCCCGGCTGCGTGTAC
GCCGCCGCCCCAGTGGGGCGCTTCACCGCGCACTGGCGGGTCCCGCTGCTGACCGCCGGC
GCCCCGGCGCTGGGCTTCGGTGTCAAGGACGAGTATGCGCTGACCACCCGCGCGGGGCCC
AGCTACGCCAAGCTGGGGGACTTCGTGGCGGCGCTGCACCGACGGCTGGGCTGGGAGCGC
CAAGCGCTCATGCTCTACGCCTACCGGCCGGGTGACGAAGAGCACTGCTTCTTCCTCGTG
GAGGGGCTGTTCATGCGGGTCCGCGACCGCCTCAATATTACGGTGGACCACCTGGAGTTC
GCCGAGGACGACCTCAGCCACTACACCAGGCTGCTGCGGACCATGCCGCGCAAAGGCCGA
GTTATCTACATCTGCAGCTCCCCTGATGCCTTCAGAACCCTCATGCTCCTGGCCCTGGAA
GCTGGCTTGTGTGGGGAGGACTACGTTTTCTTCCACCTGGATATCTTTGGGCAAAGCCTG
CAAGGTGGACAGGGCCCTGCTCCCCGCAGGCCCTGGGAGAGAGGGGATGGGCAGGATGTC
AGTGCCCGCCAGGCCTTTCAGGCTGCCAAAATCATTACATATAAAGACCCAGATAATCCC
GAGTACTTGGAATTCCTGAAGCAGTTAAAACACCTGGCCTATGAGCAGTTCAACTTCACC
ATGGAGGATGGCCTGGTGAACACCATCCCAGCATCCTTCCACGACGGGCTCCTGCTCTAT
ATCCAGGCAGTGACGGAGACTCTGGCACATGGGGGAACTGTTACTGATGGGGAGAACATC
ACTCAGCGGATGTGGAACCGAAGCTTTCAAGGTGTGACAGGATACCTGAAAATTGATAGC
AGTGGCGATCGGGAAACAGACTTCTCCCTCTGGGATATGGATCCCGAGAATGGTGCCTTC
AGGGTTGTACTGAACTACAATGGGACTTCCCAAGAGCTGGTGGCTGTGTCGGGGCGCAAA
CTGAACTGGCCCCTGGGGTACCCTCCTCCTGACATCCCCAAATGTGGCTTTGACAACGAA
GACCCAGCATGCAACCAAGATCACCTTTCCACCCTGGAGGTGCTGGCTTTGGTGGGCAGC
CTCTCCTTGCTCGGCATTCTGATTGTCTCCTTCTTCATATACAGGAAGATGCAGCTGGAG
AAGGAACTGGCCTCGGAGCTGTGGCGGGTGCGCTGGGAGGACGTTGAGCCCAGTAGCCTT
GAGAGGCACCTGCGGAGTGCAGGCAGCCGGCTGACCCTGAGCGGGAGAGGCTCCAATTAC
GGCTCCCTGCTAACCACAGAGGGCCAGTTCCAAGTCTTTGCCAAGACAGCATATTATAAG
GGCAACCTCGTGGCTGTGAAACGTGTGAACCGTAAACGCATTGAGCTGACACGAAAAGTC
CTGTTTGAACTGAAGCATATGCGGGATGTGCAGAATGAACACCTGACCAGGTTTGTGGGA
GCCTGCACCGACCCCCCCAATATCTGCATCCTCACAGAGTACTGTCCCCGTGGGAGCCTG
CAGGACATTCTGGAGAATGAGAGCATCACCCTGGACTGGATGTTCCGGTACTCACTCACC
AATGACATCGTCAAGGGCATGCTGTTTCTACACAATGGGGCTATCTGTTCCCATGGGAAC
CTCAAGTCATCCAACTGCGTGGTAGATGGGCGCTTTGTGCTCAAGATCACCGACTATGGG
CTGGAGAGCTTCAGGGACCTGGACCCAGAGCAAGGACACACCGTTTATGCCAAAAAGCTG
TGGACGGCCCCTGAGCTCCTGCGAATGGCTTCACCCCCTGTGCGGGGCTCCCAGGCTGGT
GACGTATACAGCTTTGGGATCATCCTTCAGGAGATTGCCCTGAGGAGTGGGGTCTTCCAC
GTGGAAGGTTTGGACCTGAGCCCCAAAGAGATCATCGAGCGGGTGACTCGGGGTGAGCAG
CCCCCCTTCCGGCCCTCCCTGGCCCTGCAGAGTCACCTGGAGGAGTTGGGGCTGCTCATG
CAGCGGTGCTGGGCTGAGGACCCACAGGAGAGGCCACCATTCCAGCAGATCCGCCTGACG
TTGCGCAAATTTAACAGGGAGAACAGCAGCAACATCCTGGACAACCTGCTGTCCCGCATG
GAGCAGTACGCGAACAATCTGGAGGAACTGGTGGAGGAGCGGACCCAGGCATACCTGGAG
GAGAAGCGCAAGGCTGAGGCCCTGCTCTACCAGATCCTGCCTCACTCAGTGGCTGAGCAG
CTGAAGCGTGGGGAGACGGTGCAGGCCGAAGCCTTTGACAGTGTTACCATCTACTTCAGT
GACATTGTGGGTTTCACAGCGCTGTCGGCGGAGAGCACACCCATGCAGGTGGTGACCCTG
CTCAATGACCTGTACACTTGCTTTGATGCTGTCATAGACAACTTTGATGTGTACAAGGTG
GAGACAATTGGCGATGCCTACATGGTGGTGTCAGGGCTCCCTGTGCGGAACGGGCGGCTA
CACGCCTGCGAGGTAGCCCGCATGGCCCTGGCACTGCTGGATGCTGTGCGCTCCTTCCGA
ATCCGCCACCGGCCCCAGGAGCAGCTGCGCTTGCGCATTGGCATCCACACAGGACCTGTG
TGTGCTGGAGTGGTGGGACTGAAGATGCCCCGTTACTGTCTCTTTGGGGATACAGTCAAC
ACAGCCTCAAGAATGGAGTCTAATGGGGAAGCCCTGAAGATCCACTTGTCTTCTGAGACC
AAGGCTGTCCTGGAGGAGTTTGGTGGTTTCGAGCTGGAGCTTCGAGGGGATGTAGAAATG
AAGGGCAAAGGCAAGGTTCGGACCTACTGGCTCCTTGGGGAGAGGGGGAGTAGCACCCGA
GGCTGA
Target 1 GenBank Gene ID
Target 1 GeneCard ID NPR1 Link Image
Target 1 GenAtlas ID NPR1 Link Image
Target 1 HGNC ID HGNC:7943 Link Image
Target 1 Chromosome Location 1
Target 1 Locus 1q21-q22
Target 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 1 General References
  1. Lowe DG, Chang MS, Hellmiss R, Chen E, Singh S, Garbers DL, Goeddel DV: Human atrial natriuretic peptide receptor defines a new paradigm for second messenger signal transduction. EMBO J. 1989 May;8(5):1377-84. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Pardhasaradhi K, Kutty RK, Gentleman S, Krishna G: Expression of mRNA for atrial natriuretic peptide receptor guanylate cyclase (ANPRA) in human retina. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 1994 Feb;14(1):1-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Takahashi Y, Nakayama T, Soma M, Izumi Y, Kanmatsuse K: Organization of the human natriuretic peptide receptor A gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 May 29;246(3):736-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 1 Drug References
  1. Steinmetz M, Potthast R, Sabrane K, Kuhn M: Diverging vasorelaxing effects of C-type natriuretic peptide in renal resistance arteries and aortas of GC-A-deficient mice. Regul Pept. 2004 Jun 15;119(1-2):31-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Fortin Y, De Lean A: Role of cyclic GMP and calcineurin in homologous and heterologous desensitization of natriuretic peptide receptor-A. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2006 May;84(5):539-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Madhani M, Okorie M, Hobbs AJ, MacAllister RJ: Reciprocal regulation of human soluble and particulate guanylate cyclases in vivo. Br J Pharmacol. 2006 Nov;149(6):797-801. Epub 2006 Oct 3. [PubMed Link Image]

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