Nafcillin

Identification

Summary

Nafcillin is a penicillin derivative antibiotic used to treat susceptible staphylococcal infections.

Generic Name
Nafcillin
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00607
Background

A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin, Naficillin is a narrow-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic drug. It is a beta-lactamase-resistant penicillin that is indicated for the treatment of Staphylococcal infections caused by strains that are resistant to other penicillins, except those caused by MRSA. It may be used as a first-line therapy in Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus infections 1.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Investigational
Structure
Weight
Average: 414.475
Monoisotopic: 414.124942514
Chemical Formula
C21H22N2O5S
Synonyms
  • (2-ethoxy-1-naphthalenyl)penicillin
  • (2-ethoxy-1-naphthyl)penicillin
  • (2S,5R,6R)-6-[(2-ethoxy-1-naphthoyl)amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
  • 6-(2-ethoxy-1-naphthamido)penicillanic acid
  • Nafcilina
  • Nafcillin
  • Nafcilline
  • Nafcillinum
  • Naphcillin

Pharmacology

Indication

Indicated in the treatment of infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci which have demonstrated susceptibility to the drug.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Treatment ofBacterial infections••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Nafcillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic substance derived from 6-amino-penicillanic acid. The drugs in this class are highly resistant to inactivation by staphylococcal penicillinase and are active against penicillinase-producing and non penicillinase-producing strains of Staphylococcus species.

Mechanism of action

Like other penicillins, nafcillin exerts a bactericidal action against penicillin-susceptible microorganisms during the state of active multiplication in the bacterial cell wall synthesis Label. It inhibits the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall by forming covalent bonds with penicillin-binding proteins that play a critical role in the final transpeptidation process. Binding to penicillin-binding proteins inhibits the transpeptidase and carboxypeptidase activities conferred by these proteins and prevents the formation of the crosslinks 4.

TargetActionsOrganism
APenicillin-binding protein 1b
inhibitor
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
APenicillin-binding protein 2B
inhibitor
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
APenicillin-binding protein 2a
inhibitor
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
APenicillin-binding protein 3
inhibitor
Streptococcus pneumoniae
APenicillin-binding protein 1A
inhibitor
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
Absorption

Following intravenous administration of 500mg nafcillin, the mean plasma concentration was approximately 30 µg/mL. This value was reached after 5 minutes of injection Label.

Volume of distribution

Nafcillin is reported to be widely distributed in various body fluids, including bile, pleural, amniotic and synovial fluids Label.

Protein binding

The degree of nafcillin binding to serum proteins is 89.9 ± 1.5%, where it is mainly bound to albumin Label.

Metabolism

Hepatic metabolism accounts for less than 30% of the biotransformation of most penicillins.

Route of elimination

Nafcillin is primarily eliminated by non-renal routes, namely hepatic inactivation and excretion in the bile.

Half-life

The serum half-life of nafcillin administered by the intravenous route ranged from 33 to 61 minutes as measured in three separate studies.

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Serious toxicity is unlikely following large doses of nafcillin. Acute ingestion of large doses of nafcillin may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Acute oliguric renal failure and hematuria may occur following large doses. The oral LD50 in rats is >5000mg/kg and the intravenous LD50 in rats is >1000mg/kg MSDS.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AbemaciclibThe metabolism of Abemaciclib can be increased when combined with Nafcillin.
AcalabrutinibThe metabolism of Acalabrutinib can be increased when combined with Nafcillin.
AcemetacinAcemetacin may decrease the excretion rate of Nafcillin which could result in a higher serum level.
AcenocoumarolThe metabolism of Acenocoumarol can be increased when combined with Nafcillin.
AcetaminophenThe metabolism of Acetaminophen can be increased when combined with Nafcillin.
Food Interactions
  • Take on an empty stomach. Food may make the absorption of oral nafcillin unpredictable.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Nafcillin sodium49G3001BCK985-16-0OCXSDHJRMYFTMA-KMFBOIRUSA-M
International/Other Brands
Nallpen / Unipen
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
NafcillinInjection, solution2 g/100mLIntravenousBaxter Healthcare Corporation1989-10-31Not applicableUS flag
NafcillinInjection, solution1 g/50mLIntravenousBaxter Healthcare Corporation1989-10-31Not applicableUS flag
Unipen Injection Pws 500mg/vialPowder, for solution500 mg / vialIntramuscular; IntravenousWyeth Ayerst Canada Inc.1994-12-311998-08-13Canada flag
Generic Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
NafcillinInjection, powder, for solution10 g/1IntravenousRenaissance Ssa, Llc2021-12-31Not applicableUS flag
NafcillinInjection, powder, for solution2 g/1Intramuscular; IntravenousHospira, Inc1984-08-02Not applicableUS flag
NafcillinPowder, for solution1 g/1Intramuscular; IntravenousWG Critical Care, LLC2013-01-18Not applicableUS flag
NafcillinInjection, powder, for solution2 g/1Intramuscular; IntravenousSandoz Inc1984-08-02Not applicableUS flag
NafcillinPowder, for solution2 g/1Intramuscular; IntravenousAthenex Pharmaceutical Division, Llc.2018-08-012025-11-30US flag

Categories

ATC Codes
J01CR50 — Combinations of penicillinsJ01CF06 — Nafcillin
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dipeptides. These are organic compounds containing a sequence of exactly two alpha-amino acids joined by a peptide bond.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organic acids and derivatives
Class
Carboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub Class
Amino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct Parent
Dipeptides
Alternative Parents
Penicillins / N-acyl-alpha amino acids and derivatives / Naphthalenecarboxamides / Alkyl aryl ethers / Tertiary carboxylic acid amides / Thiazolidines / Secondary carboxylic acid amides / Azetidines / Thiohemiaminal derivatives / Azacyclic compounds
show 8 more
Substituents
1-naphthalenecarboxamide / 1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid or derivatives / Alkyl aryl ether / Alpha-amino acid or derivatives / Alpha-dipeptide / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Azacycle / Azetidine / Benzenoid / Beta-lactam
show 24 more
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
penicillin (CHEBI:7447)
Affected organisms
  • Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria
  • Staphylococcus aureus

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
4CNZ27M7RV
CAS number
147-52-4
InChI Key
GPXLMGHLHQJAGZ-JTDSTZFVSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C21H22N2O5S/c1-4-28-13-10-9-11-7-5-6-8-12(11)14(13)17(24)22-15-18(25)23-16(20(26)27)21(2,3)29-19(15)23/h5-10,15-16,19H,4H2,1-3H3,(H,22,24)(H,26,27)/t15-,16+,19-/m1/s1
IUPAC Name
(2S,5R,6R)-6-(2-ethoxynaphthalene-1-amido)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
SMILES
[H][C@]12SC(C)(C)[C@@H](N1C(=O)[C@H]2NC(=O)C1=C(OCC)C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C(O)=O

References

General References
  1. Blumenthal KG, Parker RA, Shenoy ES, Walensky RP: Improving Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia and Reported Penicillin Allergy. Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Sep 1;61(5):741-9. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ394. Epub 2015 May 19. [Article]
  2. Viehman JA, Oleksiuk LM, Sheridan KR, Byers KE, He P, Falcione BA, Shields RK: Adverse Events Lead to Drug Discontinuation More Commonly among Patients Who Receive Nafcillin than among Those Who Receive Oxacillin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016 Apr 22;60(5):3090-5. doi: 10.1128/AAC.03122-15. Print 2016 May. [Article]
  3. Youngster I, Shenoy ES, Hooper DC, Nelson SB: Comparative evaluation of the tolerability of cefazolin and nafcillin for treatment of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus infections in the outpatient setting. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Aug 1;59(3):369-75. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu301. Epub 2014 Apr 29. [Article]
  4. 49. (2012). In Rang and Dale's Pharmacology (7th ed., pp. 612). Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. [ISBN:978-0-7020-3471-8]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0014745
KEGG Drug
D08242
KEGG Compound
C07250
PubChem Compound
8982
PubChem Substance
46508100
ChemSpider
8634
BindingDB
50103525
RxNav
7233
ChEBI
7447
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1443
ZINC
ZINC000003875980
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP001166
PharmGKB
PA450576
PDBe Ligand
NFN
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Nafcillin
FDA label
Download (84.8 KB)
MSDS
Download (30.2 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
  • Wyeth ayerst laboratories
  • Apothecon inc div bristol myers squibb
  • Marsam pharmaceuticals llc
  • Sandoz inc
  • Glaxosmithkline
  • Baxter healthcare corp
Packagers
  • Baxter International Inc.
  • Cardinal Health
  • Mead Johnson and Co.
  • Sandoz
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
InjectionIntramuscular; Intravenous1 g/1
InjectionIntramuscular; Intravenous2 g/1
Injection, powder, for solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous1 g/1
Injection, powder, for solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous2 g/1
Injection, powder, for solutionIntravenous10 g/1
Injection, powder, for solutionIntravenous10 g/100mL
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous1 g/4mL
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous2 g/8mL
Injection, solutionIntravenous1 g/50mL
Injection, solutionIntravenous2 g/100mL
Powder, for solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous1 g/1g
Powder, for solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous1 g/1
Powder, for solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous2 g/2g
Powder, for solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous2 g/1
Injection, powder, for solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous1 g/4mL
Injection, powder, for solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous2 g/8mL
Injection, powder, for solutionIntravenous1 g/1
Injection, powder, for solutionIntravenous2 g/1
Powder, for solutionIntramuscular; Intravenous500 mg / vial
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Nafcillin 10 gm vial118.01USD vial
Nafcillin 2 gm vial24.08USD vial
Nafcillin 1 gm vial12.41USD vial
Nafcillin 1 gm/ 50 ml inj0.43USD ml
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
water solubilitySolubleNot Available
logP3.3Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0172 mg/mLALOGPS
logP3.21ALOGPS
logP2.29Chemaxon
logS-4.4ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.31Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.9Chemaxon
Physiological Charge-1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area95.94 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count5Chemaxon
Refractivity108.14 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability42.22 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings4Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterYesChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption-0.5328
Blood Brain Barrier-0.9938
Caco-2 permeable-0.6248
P-glycoprotein substrateSubstrate0.708
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.8782
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.8807
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.923
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.7898
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.9116
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.5
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.8164
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.7263
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8869
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8082
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorInhibitor0.5653
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.7437
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.796
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.6679
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.9972
Rat acute toxicity2.1208 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9994
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.6449
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-00dv-6559000000-476ab0db07d5480232f4
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-0090000000-65901bf6905f35a84f24
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-006x-0090000000-517308aedcbe6210d46e
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-00dl-8390000000-c3d759b208856f69cc83
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-9210000000-3431effabf1bb94e4b20
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-9200000000-8d4bae5167cd78d8f059
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-9200000000-00cc24f858c63f2e6ac5
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-9500000000-d447304de567843fa59a
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-00xr-9500000000-fbdf096e0285a04fc391
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-0600-9300000000-976ae9913f6b5bc3f293
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-0900000000-80966e1fb91b5e682c61
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-0910000000-04c58a908553834f1db1
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00dj-0900000000-9ab759b60ea1b1ccb0a7
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-0900000000-1e9b29becf8d78e99cfa
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00xu-0900000000-dbba294d0a77e44851ed
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-0900000000-9ac2c1b4dcbf3f1421d9
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-1900000000-46b494a78d0ebbbc8079
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-014i-7900000000-dc8fdcb9afe3b064db85
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-02ti-9300000000-847a94b299fb6ea1ddca
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-066r-0340900000-f139834481a8245220e1
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-0259000000-d9fefc39998fa6cb70fe
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0400-0982200000-7e91b7aee345de35c26d
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-0069000000-af2a8ea1d03934f411ab
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-0901000000-eaecd1a1176d2d69b37f
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-05ox-3429000000-91b402335b168e6af7aa
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-209.2569313
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-188.24785
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+209.2132313
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+190.64342
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+208.6395313
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+196.55595
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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insights and accelerate drug research.
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Kind
Protein
Organism
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Transferase activity, transferring acyl groups
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
pbp1b
Uniprot ID
Q7CRA4
Uniprot Name
Penicillin-binding protein 1b
Molecular Weight
89479.92 Da
References
  1. Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Not Available
Specific Function
Penicillin binding
Gene Name
penA
Uniprot ID
P0A3M6
Uniprot Name
Penicillin-binding protein 2B
Molecular Weight
73872.305 Da
References
  1. Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Transferase activity, transferring acyl groups
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
pbp2a
Uniprot ID
Q8DNB6
Uniprot Name
Penicillin-binding protein 2a
Molecular Weight
80797.94 Da
References
  1. Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Serine-type d-ala-d-ala carboxypeptidase activity
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
pbp3
Uniprot ID
Q75Y35
Uniprot Name
Penicillin-binding protein 3
Molecular Weight
45209.84 Da
References
  1. Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6)
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Penicillin binding
Specific Function
Cell wall formation.
Gene Name
pbpA
Uniprot ID
Q8DR59
Uniprot Name
Penicillin-binding protein 1A
Molecular Weight
79700.9 Da
References
  1. Williamson R, Hakenbeck R, Tomasz A: In vivo interaction of beta-lactam antibiotics with the penicillin-binding proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Oct;18(4):629-37. [Article]

Enzymes

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP1A2
Uniprot ID
P05177
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 1A2
Molecular Weight
58293.76 Da
References
  1. Alan H.B. Wu (2006). Tietz Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests. Elsevier.
  2. Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]
  3. Pharmacogenomic Association Table [File]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
Gene Name
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID
P08684
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight
57342.67 Da
References
  1. Yasuda K, Ranade A, Venkataramanan R, Strom S, Chupka J, Ekins S, Schuetz E, Bachmann K: A comprehensive in vitro and in silico analysis of antibiotics that activate pregnane X receptor and induce CYP3A4 in liver and intestine. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Aug;36(8):1689-97. doi: 10.1124/dmd.108.020701. Epub 2008 May 27. [Article]
  2. Kim KY, Frey RJ, Epplen K, Foruhari F: Interaction between warfarin and nafcillin: case report and review of the literature. Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Oct;27(10):1467-70. [Article]
  3. Lang CC, Jamal SK, Mohamed Z, Mustafa MR, Mustafa AM, Lee TC: Evidence of an interaction between nifedipine and nafcillin in humans. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Jun;55(6):588-90. [Article]
  4. Abbvie: Venetoclax [Link]

Carriers

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Toxic substance binding
Specific Function
Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
Gene Name
ALB
Uniprot ID
P02768
Uniprot Name
Serum albumin
Molecular Weight
69365.94 Da

Transporters

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one ...
Gene Name
SLC22A6
Uniprot ID
Q4U2R8
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier family 22 member 6
Molecular Weight
61815.78 Da
References
  1. Jariyawat S, Sekine T, Takeda M, Apiwattanakul N, Kanai Y, Sophasan S, Endou H: The interaction and transport of beta-lactam antibiotics with the cloned rat renal organic anion transporter 1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Aug;290(2):672-7. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at March 03, 2024 02:32