Fenoldopam

Identification

Summary

Fenoldopam is a dopamine D1 receptor agonist used for the short term management of hypertension.

Brand Names
Corlopam
Generic Name
Fenoldopam
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00800
Background

A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 305.756
Monoisotopic: 305.08187109
Chemical Formula
C16H16ClNO3
Synonyms
  • Fénoldopam
  • Fenoldopam
  • Fenoldopamum
External IDs
  • SKF 82526
  • SKF 82526-J

Pharmacology

Indication

For the in-hospital, short-term (up to 48 hours) management of severe hypertension when rapid, but quickly reversible, emergency reduction of blood pressure is clinically indicated, including malignant hypertension with deteriorating end-organ function.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Treatment ofMalignant hypertension••••••••••••
Treatment ofSevere hypertension••••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Fenoldopam is an agonist at D1-like dopamine receptors, binds to α2-adrenoceptors, increasing renal blood flow.

Mechanism of action

Fenoldopam is a rapid-acting vasodilator. It is an agonist for D1-like dopamine receptors and binds with moderate affinity to α2-adrenoceptors. It has no significant affinity for D2-like receptors, α1 and β-adrenoceptors, 5HT1 and 5HT2 receptors, or muscarinic receptors. Fenoldopam is a racemic mixture with the R-isomer responsible for the biological activity. The R-isomer has approximately 250-fold higher affinity for D1-like receptors than does the S-isomer. In non-clinical studies, fenoldopam had no agonist effect on presynaptic D2-like dopamine receptors, or α or β -adrenoceptors, nor did it affect angiotensin-converting enzyme activity. Fenoldopam may increase norepinephrine plasma concentration.

TargetActionsOrganism
ADopamine D5 receptor
agonist
Humans
ADopamine D1 receptor
agonist
Humans
UAlpha-1B adrenergic receptor
inhibitor
Humans
UAlpha-1D adrenergic receptor
inhibitor
Humans
UAlpha-1A adrenergic receptor
inhibitor
Humans
UAlpha-2B adrenergic receptor
antagonist
Humans
UAlpha-2C adrenergic receptor
antagonist
Humans
UAlpha-2A adrenergic receptor
antagonist
Humans
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Elimination is largely by conjugation, without participation of cytochrome P-450 enzymes. Methylation, glucuronidation, and sulfation are the main routes of conjugation.

Route of elimination

Radiolabeled studies show that about 90% of infused fenoldopam is eliminated in urine, 10% in feces. Elimination is largely by conjugation, without participation of cytochrome P-450 enzymes. Only 4% of the administered dose is excreted unchanged.

Half-life

The elimination half-life is about 5 minutes in mild to moderate hypertensives, with little difference between the R (active) and S isomers.

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

The most likely reaction of overdose would be excessive hypotension which should be treated with drug discontinuation and appropriate supportive measures.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AbacavirFenoldopam may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level.
AbaloparatideThe risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fenoldopam is combined with Abaloparatide.
AcebutololFenoldopam may increase the hypotensive activities of Acebutolol.
AceclofenacThe therapeutic efficacy of Fenoldopam can be decreased when used in combination with Aceclofenac.
AcemetacinThe therapeutic efficacy of Fenoldopam can be decreased when used in combination with Acemetacin.
Food Interactions
  • Take on an empty stomach. Orally administered fenoldopam should be taken in a fasted state for optimal absorption.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Fenoldopam mesylateHA3R0MY01667227-57-0CVKUMNRCIJMVAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
CorlopamInjection, solution10 mg/1mLIntravenousHospira, Inc.2008-03-14Not applicableUS flag
CorlopamInjection, solution10 mg/1mLIntravenousHospira, Inc.2005-02-282021-01-01US flag
Generic Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Fenoldopam MesylateInjection, solution10 mg/1mLIntravenousSandoz2005-02-152009-05-31US flag
Fenoldopam MesylateInjection10 mg/1mLIntravenousBedford Pharmaceuticals2004-10-142010-05-31US flag
Fenoldopam MesylateInjection10 mg/1mLIntravenousBedford Pharmaceuticals2004-10-142010-05-31US flag

Categories

ATC Codes
C01CA19 — Fenoldopam
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzazepines. These are organic compounds containing a benzene ring fused to an azepine ring (unsaturated seven-membered heterocycle with one nitrogen atom replacing a carbon atom).
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organoheterocyclic compounds
Class
Benzazepines
Sub Class
Not Available
Direct Parent
Benzazepines
Alternative Parents
Azepines / Aralkylamines / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Aryl chlorides / Dialkylamines / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Organochlorides
show 1 more
Substituents
1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid / Amine / Aralkylamine / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Aryl chloride / Aryl halide / Azacycle / Azepine / Benzazepine / Benzenoid
show 12 more
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
benzazepine (CHEBI:5002)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
INU8H2KAWG
CAS number
67227-56-9
InChI Key
TVURRHSHRRELCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C16H16ClNO3/c17-15-11-5-6-18-8-13(9-1-3-10(19)4-2-9)12(11)7-14(20)16(15)21/h1-4,7,13,18-21H,5-6,8H2
IUPAC Name
6-chloro-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol
SMILES
OC1=CC=C(C=C1)C1CNCCC2=C(Cl)C(O)=C(O)C=C12

References

Synthesis Reference
US4197297
General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0014938
KEGG Drug
D00613
KEGG Compound
C07693
PubChem Compound
3341
PubChem Substance
46504963
ChemSpider
3224
BindingDB
60917
RxNav
24853
ChEBI
5002
ChEMBL
CHEMBL588
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP000254
PharmGKB
PA164784034
Guide to Pharmacology
GtP Drug Page
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Wikipedia
Fenoldopam
FDA label
Download (239 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedPreventionCardiac Complications / Cardiopulmonary Bypass1
4Unknown StatusTreatmentCoronary Artery Disease (CAD)1
4WithdrawnTreatmentAcute Renal Failure (ARF)1
3CompletedTreatmentAcute Renal Failure (ARF)2
3TerminatedPreventionAcute Renal Failure (ARF)1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
  • Hospira inc
  • Bedford laboratories
  • Pharmaforce inc
  • Sandoz canada inc
  • Teva parenteral medicines inc
Packagers
  • Baxter International Inc.
  • Bedford Labs
  • Ben Venue Laboratories Inc.
  • Hospira Inc.
  • Sandoz
  • Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
Injection, solutionIntravenous; Parenteral20 MG/2ML
Injection, solutionIntravenous; Parenteral50 MG/5ML
InjectionIntravenous10 mg/1mL
Injection, solutionIntravenous10 mg/1mL
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Fenoldopam 10 mg/ml ampule213.75USD ml
Corlopam 10 mg/ml ampul81.9USD ml
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
water solubility4000 mg/LNot Available
logP2Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.272 mg/mLALOGPS
logP2.39ALOGPS
logP1.92Chemaxon
logS-3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)8.12Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)10.4Chemaxon
Physiological Charge1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count4Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area72.72 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count1Chemaxon
Refractivity82.68 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability30.89 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings3Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterYesChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9972
Blood Brain Barrier+0.7784
Caco-2 permeable-0.5345
P-glycoprotein substrateSubstrate0.8329
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.9142
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.8567
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.6062
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.8216
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.7124
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.5301
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.713
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.907
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorInhibitor0.8931
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9026
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8316
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.7436
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.7166
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.9006
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.9935
Rat acute toxicity2.7788 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.6864
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Inhibitor0.8833
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-01t9-0391000000-76fb34f9a9a26d6b44fa
MS/MS Spectrum - , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0429000000-b564c6e7915f2c21d65e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0009000000-e92c1c73d933ed4bd407
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-0019000000-0d927c17fe522ffdedd6
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0039000000-92e446f673315fd0b947
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0f89-9268000000-448573cf4db023ccc8d9
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-01xt-0090000000-6b2697c6fd10b48d4f78
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-9650000000-6e277596c0671c8ad52a
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-174.7425335
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-169.59016
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+174.7947335
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+171.94818
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+174.7466335
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+178.04132
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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insights and accelerate drug research.
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Details
1. Dopamine D5 receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Agonist
General Function
G-protein coupled amine receptor activity
Specific Function
Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase.
Gene Name
DRD5
Uniprot ID
P21918
Uniprot Name
D(1B) dopamine receptor
Molecular Weight
52950.5 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Zeng C, Han Y, Huang H, Yu C, Ren H, Shi W, He D, Huang L, Yang C, Wang X, Zhou L, Jose PA: D1-like receptors inhibit insulin-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via down-regulation of insulin receptor expression. J Hypertens. 2009 May;27(5):1033-41. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283293c7b. [Article]
  4. Dhasmana KM, Villalon CM, Zhu YN, Parmar SS: The role of dopamine (D2), alpha and beta-adrenoceptor receptors in the decrease in gastrointestinal transit induced by dopamine and dopamine-related drugs in the rat. Pharmacol Res. 1993 May-Jun;27(4):335-47. [Article]
Details
2. Dopamine D1 receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Agonist
General Function
G-protein coupled amine receptor activity
Specific Function
Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase.
Gene Name
DRD1
Uniprot ID
P21728
Uniprot Name
D(1A) dopamine receptor
Molecular Weight
49292.765 Da
References
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
  2. Zeng C, Han Y, Huang H, Yu C, Ren H, Shi W, He D, Huang L, Yang C, Wang X, Zhou L, Jose PA: D1-like receptors inhibit insulin-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via down-regulation of insulin receptor expression. J Hypertens. 2009 May;27(5):1033-41. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283293c7b. [Article]
  3. Dhasmana KM, Villalon CM, Zhu YN, Parmar SS: The role of dopamine (D2), alpha and beta-adrenoceptor receptors in the decrease in gastrointestinal transit induced by dopamine and dopamine-related drugs in the rat. Pharmacol Res. 1993 May-Jun;27(4):335-47. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Protein heterodimerization activity
Specific Function
This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) prot...
Gene Name
ADRA1B
Uniprot ID
P35368
Uniprot Name
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor
Molecular Weight
56835.375 Da
References
  1. Martin SW, Broadley KJ: Renal vasodilatation by dopexamine and fenoldopam due to alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 May;115(2):349-55. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Alpha1-adrenergic receptor activity
Specific Function
This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its effect through the influx of extracellular calcium.
Gene Name
ADRA1D
Uniprot ID
P25100
Uniprot Name
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor
Molecular Weight
60462.205 Da
References
  1. Martin SW, Broadley KJ: Renal vasodilatation by dopexamine and fenoldopam due to alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 May;115(2):349-55. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Protein heterodimerization activity
Specific Function
This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) prot...
Gene Name
ADRA1A
Uniprot ID
P35348
Uniprot Name
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor
Molecular Weight
51486.005 Da
References
  1. Martin SW, Broadley KJ: Renal vasodilatation by dopexamine and fenoldopam due to alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 May;115(2):349-55. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Epinephrine binding
Specific Function
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is clonidine...
Gene Name
ADRA2B
Uniprot ID
P18089
Uniprot Name
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor
Molecular Weight
49565.8 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Martin SW, Broadley KJ: Renal vasodilatation by dopexamine and fenoldopam due to alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 May;115(2):349-55. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Protein homodimerization activity
Specific Function
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins.
Gene Name
ADRA2C
Uniprot ID
P18825
Uniprot Name
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor
Molecular Weight
49521.585 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Martin SW, Broadley KJ: Renal vasodilatation by dopexamine and fenoldopam due to alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 May;115(2):349-55. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Thioesterase binding
Specific Function
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is oxymetazo...
Gene Name
ADRA2A
Uniprot ID
P08913
Uniprot Name
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor
Molecular Weight
48956.275 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Martin SW, Broadley KJ: Renal vasodilatation by dopexamine and fenoldopam due to alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 May;115(2):349-55. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 02, 2024 22:44