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Showing drug card for Propofol (DB00818)

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Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-06-13 13:24:05
Update Date 2009-04-16 16:48:02
Primary Accession Number DB00818
Secondary Accession Number
  • APRD01201
  • EXPT02558
Name Propofol
Drug Type
  • Approved
  • Investigational
  • Small Molecule
Description An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206)
Synonyms
  1. 2,6-Diisopropylphenol
  2. Diisopropylphenol
  3. propofol
Brand Names
  1. Diprivan
  2. Disoprivan
  3. Disoprofol
  4. Rapinovet
Brand Mixtures Not Available
Chemical IUPAC Name 2,6-di(propan-2-yl)phenol
Chemical Formula C12H18O
Chemical Structure Structure
CAS Registry Number 2078-54-8
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C12H18O/c1-8(2)10-6-5-7-11(9(3)4)12(10)13/h5-9,13H,1-4H3
InChI Key OLBCVFGFOZPWHH-UHFFFAOYAE
KEGG Drug D00549 Link Image
KEGG Compound C07523 Link Image
PubChem Compound 4943 Link Image
PubChem Substance 9726 Link Image
ChEBI ID 8495 Link Image
PharmGKB ID PA451141 Link Image
HET ID PFL Link Image
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] 02242973 Link Image
RxList Link http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/propof.htm Link Image
PDRhealth Link Not Available
Wikipedia Link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propofol Link Image
FDA Label
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Synthesis Reference Not Available
Average Molecular Weight 178.2707
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 178.1358
State Liquid
Melting Point 18 oC
Experimental Water Solubility 124 mg/L Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 1.58e-01 mg/mL Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity 4 Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP 3.81 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogS Not Available
Predicted LogS -3.05 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental Caco2 Permeability Not Available
pKa/Isoelectric Point 11.1
Mass Spectrum Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Isomeric SMILES CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1O
Canonical SMILES CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1O
Drug Category
  • Anesthetics, Intravenous
  • Anticonvulsants
  • Antiemetics
  • Free Radical Scavengers
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives
ATC Codes
AHFS Codes
  • 28:04.92
Indication Used for both induction and/or maintenance of anesthesia.
Pharmacology Propofol a sedative-hypnotic agent for use in the induction and maintenance of anesthesia or sedation. Intravenous injection of a therapeutic dose of propofol produces hypnosis rapidly with minimal excitation, usually within 40 seconds from the start of an injection (the time for one arm-brain circulation).
Mechanism of Action The action of propofol involves a positive modulation of the inhibitory function of the neurotransmitter gama-aminobutyric acid(GABA) through GABA-A receptors.
Absorption Not Available
Toxicity Not Available
Protein Binding 95 to 99%
Biotransformation Hepatic
Half Life Not Available
Dosage Forms
Form Route
Emulsion Intravenous
Patient Information Show Link Image
Contraindications Show Link Image
Interactions Show Link Image
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available
Pathways Not Available
General References
  1. Vasile B, Rasulo F, Candiani A, Latronico N: The pathophysiology of propofol infusion syndrome: a simple name for a complex syndrome. Intensive Care Med. 2003 Sep;29(9):1417-25. Epub 2003 Aug 6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Drugs.com Link Image
  3. Wikipedia Link Image
  4. RxList Link Image
Organisms Affected
  • Humans and other mammals
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzymes
  1. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 (UGT1A9)
  2. Glucuronosyltransferase
  3. Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)
Targets
  1. Serum albumin
  2. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1
  3. Fatty-acid amide hydrolase
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 Name UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 (UGT1A9)
Enzyme 1 Gene Name UGT1A9
Enzyme 1 SwissProt ID O60656 Link Image
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9 precursor, microsomal
MACTGWTSPLPLCVCLLLTCGFAEAGKLLVVPMDGSHWFTMRSVVEKLILRGHEVVVVMP
EVSWQLGRSLNCTVKTYSTSYTLEDLDREFKAFAHAQWKAQVRSIYSLLMGSYNDIFDLF
FSNCRSLFKDKKLVEYLKESSFDAVFLDPFDNCGLIVAKYFSLPSVVFARGILCHYLEEG
AQCPAPLSYVPRILLGFSDAMTFKERVRNHIMHLEEHLLCHRFFKNALEIASEILQTPVT
EYDLYSHTSIWLLRTDFVLDYPKPVMPNMIFIGGINCHQGKPLPMEFEAYINASGEHGIV
VFSLGSMVSEIPEKKAMAIADALGKIPQTVLWRYTGTRPSNLANNTILVKWLPQNDLLGH
PMTRAFITHAGSHGVYESICNGVPMVMMPLFGDQMDNAKRMETKGAGVTLNVLEMTSEDL
ENALKAVINDKSYKENIMRLSSLHKDRPVEPLDLAVFWVEFVMRHKGAPHLRPAAHDLTW
YQYHSLDVIGFLLAVVLTVAFITFKCCAYGYRKCLGKKGRVKKAHKSKTH
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 Name Glucuronosyltransferase
Enzyme 2 Gene Name UGT1A1
Enzyme 2 SwissProt ID P22309 Link Image
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >sp|P22309|UD11_HUMAN UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1 precursor
MAVESQGGRPLVLGLLLCVLGPVVSHAGKILLIPVDGSHWLSMLGAIQQLQQRGHEIVVL
APDASLYIRDGAFYTLKTYPVPFQREDVKESFVSLGHNVFENDSFLQRVIKTYKKIKKDS
AMLLSGCSHLLHNKELMASLAESSFDVMLTDPFLPCSPIVAQYLSLPTVFFLHALPCSLE
FEATQCPNPFSYVPRPLSSHSDHMTFLQRVKNMLIAFSQNFLCDVVYSPYATLASEFLQR
EVTVQDLLSSASVWLFRSDFVKDYPRPIMPNMVFVGGINCLHQNPLSQEFEAYINASGEH
GIVVFSLGSMVSEIPEKKAMAIADALGKIPQTVLWRYTGTRPSNLANNTILVKWLPQNDL
LGHPMTRAFITHAGSHGVYESICNGVPMVMMPLFGDQMDNAKRMETKGAGVTLNVLEMTS
EDLENALKAVINDKSYKENIMRLSSLHKDRPVEPLDLAVFWVEFVMRHKGAPHLRPAAHD
LTWYQYHSLDVIGFLLAVVLTVAFITFKCCAYGYRKCLGKKGRVKKAHKSKTH
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 Name Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)
Enzyme 3 Gene Name CYP2B6
Enzyme 3 SwissProt ID P20813 Link Image
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >sp|P20813|CP2B6_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 2B6 (EC 1.14.14.1)
MELSVLLFLALLTGLLLLLVQRHPNTHDRLPPGPRPLPLLGNLLQMDRRGLLKSFLRFRE
KYGDVFTVHLGPRPVVMLCGVEAIREALVDKAEAFSGRGKIAMVDPFFRGYGVIFANGNR
WKVLRRFSVTTMRDFGMGKRSVEERIQEEAQCLIEELRKSKGALMDPTFLFQSITANIIC
SIVFGKRFHYQDQEFLKMLNLFYQTFSLISSVFGQLFELFSGFLKYFPGAHRQVYKNLQE
INAYIGHSVEKHRETLDPSAPKDLIDTYLLHMEKEKSNAHSEFSHQNLNLNTLSLFFAGT
ETTSTTLRYGFLLMLKYPHVAERVYREIEQVIGPHRPPELHDRAKMPYTEAVIYEIQRFS
DLLPMGVPHIVTQHTSFRGYIIPKDTEVFLILSTALHDPHYFEKPDAFNPDHFLDANGAL
KKTEAFIPFSLGKRICLGEGIARAELFLFFTTILQNFSMASPVAPEDIDLTPQECGVGKI
PPTYQIRFLPR
Drug Target 1 [top]
Target 1 ID 587
Target 1 Name Serum albumin
Target 1 Synonyms
  1. Serum albumin precursor
Target 1 Gene Name ALB
Target 1 Protein Sequence >Serum albumin precursor
MKWVTFISLLFLFSSAYSRGVFRRDAHKSEVAHRFKDLGEENFKALVLIAFAQYLQQCPF
EDHVKLVNEVTEFAKTCVADESAENCDKSLHTLFGDKLCTVATLRETYGEMADCCAKQEP
ERNECFLQHKDDNPNLPRLVRPEVDVMCTAFHDNEETFLKKYLYEIARRHPYFYAPELLF
FAKRYKAAFTECCQAADKAACLLPKLDELRDEGKASSAKQRLKCASLQKFGERAFKAWAV
ARLSQRFPKAEFAEVSKLVTDLTKVHTECCHGDLLECADDRADLAKYICENQDSISSKLK
ECCEKPLLEKSHCIAEVENDEMPADLPSLAADFVESKDVCKNYAEAKDVFLGMFLYEYAR
RHPDYSVVLLLRLAKTYETTLEKCCAAADPHECYAKVFDEFKPLVEEPQNLIKQNCELFE
QLGEYKFQNALLVRYTKKVPQVSTPTLVEVSRNLGKVGSKCCKHPEAKRMPCAEDYLSVV
LNQLCVLHEKTPVSDRVTKCCTESLVNRRPCFSALEVDETYVPKEFNAETFTFHADICTL
SEKERQIKKQTALVELVKHKPKATKEQLKAVMDDFAAFVEKCCKADDKETCFAEEGKKLV
AASQAALGL
Target 1 Number of Residues 619
Target 1 Molecular Weight 69367
Target 1 Theoretical pI 6.21
Target 1 GO Classification
Function
transporter activity
carrier activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
Component
extracellular region
extracellular space
Target 1 General Function Involved in antioxidant activity
Target 1 Specific Function Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood
Target 1 Pathways Not Available
Target 1 Reactions Not Available
Target 1 Pfam Domain Function
Target 1 Signals
  • 1-18
Target 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 1 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 1 GenBank ID Protein 28590 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P02768 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ALBU_HUMAN Link Image
Target 1 PDB ID 1HA2 Link Image
Target 1 PDB File Show
Target 1 3D Structure
Target 1 Cellular Location
  • Secreted protein
Target 1 Gene Sequence >1830 bp
ATGAAGTGGGTAACCTTTATTTCCCTTCTTTTTCTCTTTAGCTCGGCTTATTCCAGGGGT
GTGTTTCGTCGAGATGCACACAAGAGTGAGGTTGCTCATCGGTTTAAAGATTTGGGAGAA
GAAAATTTCAAAGCCTTGGTGTTGATTGCCTTTGCTCAGTATCTTCAGCAGTGTCCATTT
GAAGATCATGTAAAATTAGTGAATGAAGTAACTGAATTTGCAAAAACATGTGTTGCTGAT
GAGTCAGCTGAAAATTGTGACAAATCACTTCATACCCTTTTTGGAGACAAATTATGCACA
GTTGCAACTCTTCGTGAAACCTATGGTGAAATGGCTGACTGCTGTGCAAAACAAGAACCT
GGGAGAAATGAATGCTTCTTGCAACACAAAGATGACAACCCAAACCTCCCCCGATTGGTG
AGACCAGAGGTTGATGTGATGTGCACTGCTTTTCATGACAATGAAGAGACATTTTTGAAA
AAATACTTATATGAAATTGCCAGAAGACATCCTTACTTTTATGCCCCGGAACTCCTTTTC
TTTGCTAAAAGGTATAAAGCTGCTTTTACAGAATGTTGCCAAGCTGCTGATAAAGCTGCC
TGCCTGTTGCCAAAGCTCGATGAACTTCGGGATGAAGGGAAGGCTTCGTCTGCCAAACAG
AGACTCAAGTGTGCCAGTCTCCAAAAATTTGGAGAAAGAGCTTTCAAAGCATGGGCAGTA
GCTCGCCTGAGCCAGAGATTTCCCAAAGCTGAGTTTGCAGAAGTTTCCAAGTTAGTGACA
GATCTTACCAAAGTCCACACGGAATGCTGCCATGGAGATCTGCTTGAATGTGCTGATGAC
AGGGCGGACCTTGCCAAGTATATCTGTGAAAATCAAGATTCGATCTCCAGTAAACTGAAG
GAATGCTGTGAAAAACCTCTGTTGGAAAAATCCCACTGCATTGCCGAAGTGGAAAATGAT
GAGATGCCTGCTGACTTGCCTTCATTAGCTGCTGATTTTGTTGAAAGTAAGGATGTTTGC
AAAAACTATGCTGAGGCAAAGGATGTCTTCTTGGGCATGTTTTTGTATGAATATGCAAGA
AGGCATCCTGATTACTCTGTCGTGCTGCTGCTGAGACTTGCCAAGACATATGAAACCACT
CTAGAGAAGTGCTGTGCCGCTGCAGATCCTCATGAATGCTATGCCAAAGTGTTCGATGAA
TTTAAACCTCTTGTGGAAGAGCCTCAGAATTTAATCAAACAAAATTGTGAGCTTTTTGAG
CAGCTTGGAGAGTACAAATTCCAGAATGCGCTGTTAGTTCGTTACACCAAGAAAGTACCC
GAAGTGTCAACTCCAACTCTTGTAGAGGTCTCAAGAAACCTAGGAAAAGTGGGCAGCAAA
TGTTGTAAACATCCTGAAGCAAAAAGAATGCCCTGTGCAGAAGACTATCTATCCGTGGTC
CTGAACCAGTTATGTGTGTTGCATGAGAAAACGCCAGTAAGTGACAGAGTCACCAAATGC
TGCACAGAATCCTTGGTGAACAGGCGACCATGCTTTTCAGCTCTGGAAGTCGATGAAACA
TACGTTCCCAAAGAGTTTAATGCTGAAACATTCACCTTCCATGCAGATATATGCACACTT
TCTGAGAAGGAGAGACAAATCAAGAAACAAACTGCACTTGTTGAGCTCGTGAAACACAAG
CCCAAGGCAACAAAAGAGCAACTGAAAGCTGTTATGGATGATTTCGCTGCTTTTGTAGAG
AAGTGCTGCAAGGCTGACGATAAGGAGACCTGCTTTGCCGAGGAGGGTAAAAAACTTGTT
GCTGCAAGTCAAGCTGCCTTAGGCTTATAA
Target 1 GenBank Gene ID
Target 1 GeneCard ID ALB Link Image
Target 1 GenAtlas ID ALB Link Image
Target 1 HGNC ID HGNC:399 Link Image
Target 1 Chromosome Location 4
Target 1 Locus 4q11-q13
Target 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 1 General References
  1. Sugio S, Kashima A, Mochizuki S, Noda M, Kobayashi K: Crystal structure of human serum albumin at 2.5 A resolution. Protein Eng. 1999 Jun;12(6):439-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bhattacharya AA, Curry S, Franks NP: Binding of the general anesthetics propofol and halothane to human serum albumin. High resolution crystal structures. J Biol Chem. 2000 Dec 8;275(49):38731-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Minchiotti L, Campagnoli M, Rossi A, Cosulich ME, Monti M, Pucci P, Kragh-Hansen U, Granel B, Disdier P, Weiller PJ, Galliano M: A nucleotide insertion and frameshift cause albumin Kenitra, an extended and O-glycosylated mutant of human serum albumin with two additional disulfide bridges. Eur J Biochem. 2001 Jan;268(2):344-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Yu Y, Zhang C, Zhou G, Wu S, Qu X, Wei H, Xing G, Dong C, Zhai Y, Wan J, Ouyang S, Li L, Zhang S, Zhou K, Zhang Y, Wu C, He F: Gene expression profiling in human fetal liver and identification of tissue- and developmental-stage-specific genes through compiled expression profiles and efficient cloning of full-length cDNAs. Genome Res. 2001 Aug;11(8):1392-403. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Spahr CS, Davis MT, McGinley MD, Robinson JH, Bures EJ, Beierle J, Mort J, Courchesne PL, Chen K, Wahl RC, Yu W, Luethy R, Patterson SD: Towards defining the urinary proteome using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. I. Profiling an unfractionated tryptic digest. Proteomics. 2001 Jan;1(1):93-107. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Petitpas I, Grune T, Bhattacharya AA, Curry S: Crystal structures of human serum albumin complexed with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Mol Biol. 2001 Dec 14;314(5):955-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Meloun B, Moravek L, Kostka V: Complete amino acid sequence of human serum albumin. FEBS Lett. 1975 Oct 15;58(1):134-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Minchiotti L, Galliano M, Stoppini M, Ferri G, Crespeau H, Rochu D, Porta F: Two alloalbumins with identical electrophoretic mobility are produced by differently charged amino acid substitutions. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Mar 12;1119(3):232-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. 1518850 Carlson J, Sakamoto Y, Laurell CB, Madison J, Watkins S, Putnam FW: Alloalbuminemia in Sweden: structural study and phenotypic distribution of nine albumin variants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Sep 1;89(17):8225-9.
  12. 1630489 He XM, Carter DC: Atomic structure and chemistry of human serum albumin. Nature. 1992 Jul 16;358(6383):209-15.
  13. 1859851 Peach RJ, Brennan SO: Structural characterization of a glycoprotein variant of human serum albumin: albumin Casebrook (494 Asp----Asn). Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991 Jul 26;1097(1):49-54.
  14. 1946412 Madison J, Arai K, Sakamoto Y, Feld RD, Kyle RA, Watkins S, Davis E, Matsuda Y, Amaki I, Putnam FW: Genetic variants of serum albumin in Americans and Japanese. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 1;88(21):9853-7.
  15. 2068071 Watkins S, Madison J, Davis E, Sakamoto Y, Galliano M, Minchiotti L, Putnam FW: A donor splice mutation and a single-base deletion produce two carboxyl-terminal variants of human serum albumin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jul 15;88(14):5959-63.
  16. 2104980 Brennan SO, Myles T, Peach RJ, Donaldson D, George PM: Albumin Redhill (-1 Arg, 320 Ala----Thr): a glycoprotein variant of human serum albumin whose precursor has an aberrant signal peptidase cleavage site. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(1):26-30.
  17. 2247440 Galliano M, Minchiotti L, Porta F, Rossi A, Ferri G, Madison J, Watkins S, Putnam FW: Mutations in genetic variants of human serum albumin found in Italy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8721-5.
  18. 2374930 Carter DC, He XM: Structure of human serum albumin. Science. 1990 Jul 20;249(4966):302-3.
  19. 2404284 Arai K, Madison J, Shimizu A, Putnam FW: Point substitutions in albumin genetic variants from Asia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(1):497-501.
  20. 2419329 Urano Y, Watanabe K, Sakai M, Tamaoki T: The human albumin gene. Characterization of the 5' and 3' flanking regions and the polymorphic gene transcripts. J Biol Chem. 1986 Mar 5;261(7):3244-51.
  21. 2437111 Carraway RE, Mitra SP, Cochrane DE: Structure of a biologically active neurotensin-related peptide obtained from pepsin-treated albumin(s). J Biol Chem. 1987 May 5;262(13):5968-73.
  22. 2727704 Carter DC, He XM, Munson SH, Twigg PD, Gernert KM, Broom MB, Miller TY: Three-dimensional structure of human serum albumin. Science. 1989 Jun 9;244(4909):1195-8.
  23. 2762316 Arai K, Madison J, Huss K, Ishioka N, Satoh C, Fujita M, Neel JV, Sakurabayashi I, Putnam FW: Point substitutions in Japanese alloalbumins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(16):6092-6.
  24. 2911589 Arai K, Ishioka N, Huss K, Madison J, Putnam FW: Identical structural changes in inherited albumin variants from different populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(2):434-8.
  25. 3009475 Minghetti PP, Ruffner DE, Kuang WJ, Dennison OE, Hawkins JW, Beattie WG, Dugaiczyk A: Molecular structure of the human albumin gene is revealed by nucleotide sequence within q11-22 of chromosome 4. J Biol Chem. 1986 May 25;261(15):6747-57.
  26. 3087352 Mogard MH, Kobayashi R, Chen CF, Lee TD, Reeve JR Jr, Shively JE, Walsh JH: The amino acid sequence of kinetensin, a novel peptide isolated from pepsin-treated human plasma: homology with human serum albumin, neurotensin and angiotensin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 May 14;136(3):983-8.
  27. 3474609 Takahashi N, Takahashi Y, Blumberg BS, Putnam FW: Amino acid substitutions in genetic variants of human serum albumin and in sequences inferred from molecular cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jul;84(13):4413-7.
  28. 3479777 Takahashi N, Takahashi Y, Isobe T, Putnam FW, Fujita M, Satoh C, Neel JV: Amino acid substitutions in inherited albumin variants from Amerindian and Japanese populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(22):8001-5.
  29. 3828358 Brennan SO, Herbert P: Albumin Canterbury (313 Lys----Asn). A point mutation in the second domain of serum albumin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987 Apr 8;912(2):191-7.
  30. 6171778 Lawn RM, Adelman J, Bock SC, Franke AE, Houck CM, Najarian RC, Seeburg PH, Wion KL: The sequence of human serum albumin cDNA and its expression in E. coli. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Nov 25;9(22):6103-114.
  31. 6275391 Dugaiczyk A, Law SW, Dennison OE: Nucleotide sequence and the encoded amino acids of human serum albumin mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jan;79(1):71-5.
  32. 656055 Jacobsen C: Lysine residue 240 of human serum albumin is involved in high-affinity binding of bilirubin. Biochem J. 1978 May 1;171(2):453-9.
  33. 7852505 Rushbrook JI, Becker E, Schussler GC, Divino CM: Identification of a human serum albumin species associated with familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Feb;80(2):461-7.
  34. 7895732 Corbett JM, Wheeler CH, Baker CS, Yacoub MH, Dunn MJ: The human myocardial two-dimensional gel protein database: update 1994. Electrophoresis. 1994 Nov;15(11):1459-65.
  35. 7902134 Galliano M, Minchiotti L, Iadarola P, Stoppini M, Giagnoni P, Watkins S, Madison J, Putnam FW: Protein and DNA sequence analysis of a 'private' genetic variant: albumin Ortonovo (Glu-505-->Lys). Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Nov 25;1225(1):27-32.
  36. 8022807 Madison J, Galliano M, Watkins S, Minchiotti L, Porta F, Rossi A, Putnam FW: Genetic variants of human serum albumin in Italy: point mutants and a carboxyl-terminal variant. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jul 5;91(14):6476-80.
  37. 8048949 Sunthornthepvarakul T, Angkeow P, Weiss RE, Hayashi Y, Refetoff S: An identical missense mutation in the albumin gene results in familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia in 8 unrelated families. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Jul 29;202(2):781-7.
  38. 8347685 Brennan SO, Fellowes AP: Albumin Hawkes Bay; a low level variant caused by loss of a sulphydryl group at position 177. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Aug 4;1182(1):46-50.
  39. 8513793 Minchiotti L, Galliano M, Zapponi MC, Tenni R: The structural characterization and bilirubin-binding properties of albumin Herborn, a [Lys240-->Glu] albumin mutant. Eur J Biochem. 1993 Jun 1;214(2):437-44.
  40. 9329347 Wada N, Chiba H, Shimizu C, Kijima H, Kubo M, Koike T: A novel missense mutation in codon 218 of the albumin gene in a distinct phenotype of familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia in a Japanese kindred. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Oct;82(10):3246-50.
  41. 955075 Walker JE: Lysine residue 199 of human serum albumin is modified by acetylsalicyclic acid. FEBS Lett. 1976 Jul 15;66(2):173-5.
  42. 9589637 Sunthornthepvarakul T, Likitmaskul S, Ngowngarmratana S, Angsusingha K, Kitvitayasak S, Scherberg NH, Refetoff S: Familial dysalbuminemic hypertriiodothyroninemia: a new, dominantly inherited albumin defect. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 May;83(5):1448-54.
  43. 9731778 Curry S, Mandelkow H, Brick P, Franks N: Crystal structure of human serum albumin complexed with fatty acid reveals an asymmetric distribution of binding sites. Nat Struct Biol. 1998 Sep;5(9):827-35.
Target 1 Drug References Not Available
Drug Target 2 [top]
Target 2 ID 872
Target 2 Name Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1
Target 2 Synonyms
  1. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1 precursor
Target 2 Gene Name GABRA1
Target 2 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1 precursor
MRKSPGLSDCLWAWILLLSTLTGRSYGQPSLQDELKDNTTVFTRILDRLLDGYDNRLRPG
LGERVTEVKTDIFVTSFGPVSDHDMEYTIDVFFRQSWKDERLKFKGPMTVLRLNNLMASK
IWTPDTFFHNGKKSVAHNMTMPNKLLRITEDGTLLYTMRLTVRAECPMHLEDFPMDAHAC
PLKFGSYAYTRAEVVYEWTREPARSVVVAEDGSRLNQYDLLGQTVDSGIVQSSTGEYVVM
TTHFHLKRKIGYFVIQTYLPCIMTVILSQVSFWLNRESVPARTVFGVTTVLTMTTLSISA
RNSLPKVAYATAMDWFIAVCYAFVFSALIEFATVNYFTKRGYAWDGKSVVPEKPKKVKDP
LIKKNNTYAPTATSYTPNLARGDPGLATIAKSATIEPKEVKPETKPPEPKKTFNSVSKID
RLSRIAFPLLFGIFNLVYWATYLNREPQLKAPTPHQ
Target 2 Number of Residues 463
Target 2 Molecular Weight 51802
Target 2 Theoretical pI 9.61
Target 2 GO Classification
Function
neurotransmitter receptor activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
ligand-gated ion channel activity
extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
transmembrane receptor activity
GABA receptor activity
GABA-A receptor activity
Process
cellular process
cell communication
signal transduction
cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
anion transport
inorganic anion transport
chloride transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
postsynaptic membrane
cell
membrane
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
Target 2 General Function Involved in GABA-A receptor activity
Target 2 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Target 2 Pathways Not Available
Target 2 Reactions Not Available
Target 2 Pfam Domain Function
Target 2 Signals
  • 1-27
Target 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • 252-273
  • 279-300
  • 313-334
  • 422-443
Target 2 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 2 GenBank ID Protein 31631 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P14867 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRA1_HUMAN Link Image
Target 2 PDB ID Not Available
Target 2 Cellular Location
  • Membrane
  • multi-pass membrane protein
Target 2 Gene Sequence >1371 bp
ATGAGGAAAAGTCCAGGTCTGTCTGACTGTCTTTGGGCCTGGATCCTCCTTCTGAGCACA
CTGACTGGAAGAAGCTATGGACAGCCGTCATTACAAGATGAACTTAAAGACAATACCACT
GTCTTCACCAGGATTTTGGACAGACTCCTAGATGGTTATGACAATCGCCTGAGACCAGGA
TTGGGAGAGCGTGTAACCGAAGTGAAGACTGATATCTTCGTCACCAGTTTCGGACCCGTT
TCAGACCATGATATGGAATATACAATAGATGTATTTTTCCGTCAAAGCTGGAAGGATGAA
AGGTTAAAATTTAAAGGACCTATGACAGTCCTCCGGTTAAATAACCTAATGGCAAGTAAA
ATCTGGACTCCGGACACATTTTTCCACAATGGAAAGAAGTCAGTGGCCCACAACATGACC
ATGCCCAACAAACTCCTGCGGATCACAGAGGATGGCACCTTGCTGTACACCATGAGGCTG
ACAGTGAGAGCTGAATGTCCGATGCATTTGGAGGACTTCCCTATGGATGCCCATGCTTGC
CCACTAAAATTTGGAAGTTATGCTTATACAAGAGCAGAAGTTGTTTATGAATGGACCAGA
GAGCCAGCACGCTCAGTGGTTGTAGCAGAAGATGGATCACGTCTAAACCAGTATGACCTT
CTTGGACAAACAGTAGACTCTGGAATTGTCCAGTCAAGTACAGGAGAATATGTTGTTATG
ACCACTCATTTCCACTTGAAGAGAAAGATTGGCTACTTTGTTATTCAAACATACCTGCCA
TGCATAATGACAGTGATTCTCTCACAAGTCTCCTTCTGGCTCAACAGAGAGTCTGTACCA
GCAAGAACTGTCTTTGGAGTAACAACTGTGCTCACCATGACAACATTGAGCATCAGTGCC
AGAAACTCCCTCCCTAAGGTGGCTTATGCAACAGCTATGGATTGGTTTATTGCCGTGTGC
TATGCCTTTGTGTTCTCAGCTCTGATTGAGTTTGCCACAGTAAACTATTTCACTAAGAGA
GGTTATGCATGGGATGGCAAAAGTGTGGTTCCAGAAAAGCCAAAGAAAGTAAAGGATCCT
CTTATTAAGAAAAACAACACTTACGCTCCAACAGCAACCAGCTACACCCCTAATTTGGCC
AGGGGCGACCCGGGCTTAGCCACCATTGCTAAAAGTGCAACCATAGAACCTAAAGAGGTC
AAGCCCGAAACAAAACCACCAGAACCCAAGAAAACCTTTAACAGTGTCAGCAAAATTGAC
CGACTGTCAAGAATAGCCTTCCCGCTGCTATTTGGAATCTTTAACTTAGTCTACTGGGCT
ACGTATTTAAACAGAGAGCCTCAGCTAAAAGCCCCCACACCACATCAATAG
Target 2 GenBank Gene ID
Target 2 GeneCard ID GABRA1 Link Image
Target 2 GenAtlas ID GABRA1 Link Image
Target 2 HGNC ID HGNC:4075 Link Image
Target 2 Chromosome Location 5
Target 2 Locus 5q34-q35
Target 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 2 General References
  1. Cossette P, Liu L, Brisebois K, Dong H, Lortie A, Vanasse M, Saint-Hilaire JM, Carmant L, Verner A, Lu WY, Wang YT, Rouleau GA: Mutation of GABRA1 in an autosomal dominant form of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Nat Genet. 2002 Jun;31(2):184-9. Epub 2002 May 6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Schofield PR, Pritchett DB, Sontheimer H, Kettenmann H, Seeburg PH: Sequence and expression of human GABAA receptor alpha 1 and beta 1 subunits. FEBS Lett. 1989 Feb 27;244(2):361-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Garrett KM, Duman RS, Saito N, Blume AJ, Vitek MP, Tallman JF: Isolation of a cDNA clone for the alpha subunit of the human GABA-A receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Oct 31;156(2):1039-45. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 2 Drug References
  1. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 3 [top]
Target 3 ID 3937
Target 3 Name Fatty-acid amide hydrolase
Target 3 Synonyms
  1. Anandamide amidohydrolase
  2. EC 3.1.-.-
  3. Oleamide hydrolase
Target 3 Gene Name FAAH
Target 3 Protein Sequence >Fatty-acid amide hydrolase
MVQYELWAALPGASGVALACCFVAAAVALRWSGRRTARGAVVRARQRQRAGLENMDRAAQ
RFRLQNPDLDSEALLALPLPQLVQKLHSRELAPEAVLFTYVGKAWEVNKGTNCVTSYLAD
CETQLSQAPRQGLLYGVPVSLKECFTYKGQDSTLGLSLNEGVPAECDSVVVHVLKLQGAV
PFVHTNVPQSMFSYDCSNPLFGQTVNPWKSSKSPGGSSGGEGALIGSGGSPLGLGTDIGG
SIRFPSSFCGICGLKPTGNRLSKSGLKGCVYGQEAVRLSVGPMARDVESLALCLRALLCE
DMFRLDPTVPPLPFREEVYTSSQPLRVGYYETDNYTMPSPAMRRAVLETKQSLEAAGHTL
VPFLPSNIPHALETLSTGGLFSDGGHTFLQNFKGDFVDPCLGDLVSILKLPQWLKGLLAF
LVKPLLPRLSAFLSNMKSRSAGKLWELQHEIEVYRKTVIAQWRALDLDVVLTPMLAPALD
LNAPGRATGAVSYTMLYNCLDFPAGVVPVTTVTAEDEAQMEHYRGYFGDIWDKMLQKGMK
KSVGLPVAVQCVALPWQEELCLRFMREVERLMTPEKQSS
Target 3 Number of Residues 588
Target 3 Molecular Weight 63067
Target 3 Theoretical pI 7.72
Target 3 GO Classification
Function
catalytic activity
hydrolase activity
hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds
hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides
amidase activity
Process
Not Available
Component
Not Available
Target 3 General Function Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis
Target 3 Specific Function Degrades bioactive fatty acid amides like oleamide, the endogenous cannabinoid, anandamide and myristic amide to their corresponding acids, thereby serving to terminate the signaling functions of these molecules
Target 3 Pathways Not Available
Target 3 Reactions Not Available
Target 3 Pfam Domain Function
Target 3 Signals
  • None
Target 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • 9-29
Target 3 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 3 GenBank ID Protein 2149156 Link Image
Target 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O00519 Link Image
Target 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name FAAH_HUMAN Link Image
Target 3 PDB ID Not Available
Target 3 Cellular Location
  • Intracytoplasmic membrane
Target 3 Gene Sequence >1740 bp
ATGGTGCAGTACGAGCTGTGGGCCGCGCTGCCTGGCGCCTCCGGGGTCGCCCTGGCCTGC
TGCTTCGTGGCGGCGGCCGTGGCCCTGCGCTGGTCCGGGCGCCGGACGGCGCGGGGCGCG
GTGGTCCGGGCGCGACAGAAGCAGCGAGCGGGCCTGGAGAACATGGACAGGGCGGCGCAG
CGCTTCCGGCTCCAGAACCCAGACCTGGACTCAGAGGCGCTGCTAGCCCTGCCCCTGCCT
CAGCTGGTGCAGAAGTTACACAGTAGAGAGCTGGCCCCTGAGGCCGTGCTCTTCACCTAT
GTGGGAAAGGCCTGGGAAGTGAACAAAGGGACCAACTGTGTGACCTCCTATCTGGCTGAC
TGTGAGACTCAGCTGTCTCAGGCCCCAAGGCAGGGCCTGCTCTATGGCGTCCCTGTGAGC
CTCAAGGAGTGCTTCACCTACAAGGGCCAGGACTCCACGCTGGGCTTGAGCCTGAATGAA
GGGGTGCCGGCGGAGTGCGACAGCGTAGTGGTGCATGTGCTGAAGCTGCAGGGTGCCGTG
CCCTTCGTGCACACCAATGTTCCACAGTCCATGTTCAGCTATGACTGCAGTAACCCCCTC
TTTGGCCAGACCGTGAACCCATGGAAGTCCTCCAAAAGCCCAGGGGGCTCCTCAGGGGGT
GAAGGGGCCCTCATCGGGTCTGGAGGCTCCCCCCTGGGCTTAGGCACTGATATCGGAGGC
AGCATCCGCTTCCCCTCCTCCTTCTGCGGCATCTGCGGCCTCAAGCCCACAGGGAACCGC
CTCAGCAAGAGTGGCCTGAAGGGCTGTGTCTATGGACAGGAGGCAGTGCGTCTCTCCGTG
GGCCCCATGGCCCGGGACGTGGAGAGCCTGGCACTGTGCCTGCGAGCCCTGCTGTGCGAG
GACATGTTCCGCTTGGACCCCACTGTGCCTCCCTTGCCCTTCAGAGAAGAGGTCTACACC
AGCTCTCAGCCCCTGCGTGTGGGGTACTATGAGACTGACAACTATACCATGCCCTCCCCG
GCCATGAGGCGGGCCGTGCTGGAGACCAAACAGAGCCTTGAGGCTGCGGGGCACACGCTG
GTTCCCTTCTTGCCAAGCAACATACCCCATGCTCTGGAGACCCTGTCAACAGGTGGGCTC
TTCAGTGATGGTGGCCACACCTTCCTACAGAACTTCAAAGGTGATTTCGTGGACCCCTGC
CTGGGGGACCTGGTCTCAATTCTGAAGCTTCCCCAATGGCTTAAAGGACTGCTGGCCTTC
CTGGTGAAGCCTCTGCTGCCAAGGCTGTCAGCTTTCCTCAGCAACATGAAGTCTCGTTCG
GCTGGAAAACTCTGGGAACTGCAGCACGAGATCGAGGTGTACCGCAAAACCGTGATTGCC
CAGTGGAGGGCGCTGGACCTGGATGTGGTGCTGACCCCCATGCTGGCCCCTGCTCTGGAC
TTGAATGCCCCAGGCAGGGCCACAGGGGCCGTCAGCTACACTATGCTGTACAACTGCCTG
GACTTCCCTGCAGGGGTGGTGCCTGTCACCACGGTGACTGCTGAGGACGAGGCCCAGATG
GAACATTACAGGGGCTACTTTGGGGATATCTGGGACAAGATGCTGCAGAAGGGCATGAAG
AAGAGTGTGGGGCTGCCGGTGGCCGTGCAGTGTGTGGCTCTGCCCTGGCAAGAAGAGTTG
TGTCTGCGGTTCATGCGGGAGGTGGAGCGACTGATGACCCCTGAAAAGCAGTCATCCTGA
Target 3 GenBank Gene ID
Target 3 GeneCard ID FAAH Link Image
Target 3 GenAtlas ID FAAH Link Image
Target 3 HGNC ID HGNC:3553 Link Image
Target 3 Chromosome Location 1
Target 3 Locus 1p35-p34
Target 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 3 General References
  1. Sipe JC, Chiang K, Gerber AL, Beutler E, Cravatt BF: A missense mutation in human fatty acid amide hydrolase associated with problem drug use. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 11;99(12):8394-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Giang DK, Cravatt BF: Molecular characterization of human and mouse fatty acid amide hydrolases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Mar 18;94(6):2238-42. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Wan M, Cravatt BF, Ring HZ, Zhang X, Francke U: Conserved chromosomal location and genomic structure of human and mouse fatty-acid amide hydrolase genes and evaluation of clasper as a candidate neurological mutation. Genomics. 1998 Dec 15;54(3):408-14. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 3 Drug References
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed Link Image]

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.