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Showing drug card for Levobupivacaine (DB01002)

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Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-06-13 13:24:05
Update Date 2009-06-23 18:06:16
Primary Accession Number DB01002
Secondary Accession Number
  • APRD00110
Name Levobupivacaine
Drug Type
  • Approved
  • Small Molecule
Description Levobupivacaine is a local anaesthetic drug belonging to the amino amide group. It is the S-enantiomer of bupivacaine. Levobupivacaine hydrochloride is commonly marketed by AstraZeneca under the trade name Chirocaine. Compared to bupivacaine, levobupivacaine is associated with less vasodilation and has a longer duration of action. It is approximately 13 per cent less potent (by molarity) than racemic bupivacaine.Levobupivacaine is indicated for local anaesthesia including infiltration, nerve block, ophthalmic, epidural and intrathecal anaesthesia in adults; and infiltration analgesia in children. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are rare when it is administered correctly. Most ADRs relate to administration technique (resulting in systemic exposure) or pharmacological effects of anesthesia, however allergic reactions can rarely occur. [Wikipedia]
Synonyms Not Available
Brand Names
  1. Chirocaine
Brand Mixtures Not Available
Chemical IUPAC Name (2S)-1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide
Chemical Formula C18H28N2O
Chemical Structure Structure
CAS Registry Number 27262-47-1
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C18H28N2O/c1-4-5-12-20-13-7-6-11-16(20)18(21)19-17-14(2)9-8-10-15(17)3/h8-10,16H,4-7,11-13H2,1-3H3,(H,19,21)/t16-/m0/s1/f/h19H
InChI Key LEBVLXFERQHONN-RAUYUUNWDE
KEGG Drug Not Available
KEGG Compound C07887 Link Image
PubChem Compound 92253 Link Image
PubChem Substance 10089 Link Image
ChEBI ID Not Available
PharmGKB ID PA10324 Link Image
HET ID Not Available
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] Not Available
RxList Link http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/levobupivacaine.htm Link Image
PDRhealth Link Not Available
Wikipedia Link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levobupivacaine Link Image
FDA Label
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Not Available
Synthesis Reference Not Available
Average Molecular Weight 288.4277
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 288.2202
State Solid
Melting Point Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 9.77e-02 mg/mL Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity 3.6 Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP 3.31 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogS Not Available
Predicted LogS -3.47 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental Caco2 Permeability Not Available
pKa/Isoelectric Point 8.1
Mass Spectrum Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Isomeric SMILES CCCCN1CCCC[C@H]1C(=O)NC1=C(C)C=CC=C1C
Canonical SMILES CCCCN1CCCCC1C(=O)NC1=C(C)C=CC=C1C
Drug Category
  • Anesthetics
  • Anesthetics, Local
ATC Codes
AHFS Codes Not Available
Indication For the production of local or regional anesthesia for surgery and obstetrics, and for post-operative pain management
Pharmacology Levobupivacaine, a local anesthetic agent, is indicated for the production of local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgery, for oral surgery procedures, for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and for obstetrical procedures.
Mechanism of Action Local anesthetics such as Levobupivacaine block the generation and the conduction of nerve impulses, presumably by increasing the threshold for electrical excitation in the nerve, by slowing the propagation of the nerve impulse, and by reducing the rate of rise of the action potential. In general, the progression of anesthesia is related to the diameter, myelination and conduction velocity of affected nerve fibers.
Absorption The plasma concentration of levobupivacaine following therapeutic administration depends on dose and also on route of administration, because absorption from the site of administration is affected by the vascularity of the tissue. Peak levels in blood were reached approximately 30 minutes after epidural administration, and doses up to 150 mg resulted in mean Cmax levels of up to 1.2 µg/mL.
Toxicity Not Available
Protein Binding >97%
Biotransformation Levobupivacaine is extensively metabolized with no unchanged levobupivacaine detected in urine or feces. In vitro studies using [14 C] levobupivacaine showed that CYP3A4 isoform and CYP1A2 isoform mediate the metabolism of levobupivacaine to desbutyl levobupivacaine and 3-hydroxy levobupivacaine, respectively. In vivo, the 3-hydroxy levobupivacaine appears to undergo further transformation to glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. Metabolic inversion of levobupivacaine to R(+)-bupivacaine was not evident both in vitro and in vivo.
Half Life 3.3 hours
Dosage Forms
Form Route
Injection, solution Intravenous
Patient Information Not Available
Contraindications Show Link Image
Interactions Show Link Image
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Levobupivacaine Pathway SMP00397 Link Image
General References
  1. Drugs.com Link Image
  2. Wikipedia Link Image
  3. RxList Link Image
Organisms Affected
  • Humans and other mammals
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzymes
  1. Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
  2. Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)
Targets
  1. Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 Name Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
Enzyme 1 Gene Name CYP3A4
Enzyme 1 SwissProt ID P08684 Link Image
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >sp|P08684|CP3A4_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 3A4 (EC 1.14.13.67) 
ALIPDLAMETWLLLAVSLVLLYLYGTHSHGLFKKLGIPGPTPLPFLGNILSYHKGFCMFD
MECHKKYGKVWGFYDGQQPVLAITDPDMIKTVLVKECYSVFTNRRPFGPVGFMKSAISIA
EDEEWKRLRSLLSPTFTSGKLKEMVPIIAQYGDVLVRNLRREAETGKPVTLKDVFGAYSM
DVITSTSFGVNIDSLNNPQDPFVENTKKLLRFDFLDPFFLSITVFPFLIPILEVLNICVF
PREVTNFLRKSVKRMKESRLEDTQKHRVDFLQLMIDSQNSKETESHKALSDLELVAQSII
FIFAGYETTSSVLSFIMYELATHPDVQQKLQEEIDAVLPNKAPPTYDTVLQMEYLDMVVN
ETLRLFPIAMRLERVCKKDVEINGMFIPKGWVVMIPSYALHRDPKYWTEPEKFLPERFSK
KNKDNIDPYIYTPFGSGPRNCIGMRFALMNMKLALIRVLQNFSFKPCKETQIPLKLSLGG
LLQPEKPVVLKVESRDGTVSGA
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 Name Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)
Enzyme 2 Gene Name CYP1A2
Enzyme 2 SwissProt ID P05177 Link Image
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >P05177|CP1A2_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 1A2 - Homo sapiens (Human). 
MALSQSVPFSATELLLASAIFCLVFWVLKGLRPRVPKGLKSPPEPWGWPLLGHVLTLGKN
PHLALSRMSQRYGDVLQIRIGSTPVLVLSRLDTIRQALVRQGDDFKGRPDLYTSTLITDG
QSLTFSTDSGPVWAARRRLAQNALNTFSIASDPASSSSCYLEEHVSKEAKALISRLQELM
AGPGHFDPYNQVVVSVANVIGAMCFGQHFPESSDEMLSLVKNTHEFVETASSGNPLDFFP
ILRYLPNPALQRFKAFNQRFLWFLQKTVQEHYQDFDKNSVRDITGALFKHSKKGPRASGN
LIPQEKIVNLVNDIFGAGFDTVTTAISWSLMYLVTKPEIQRKIQKELDTVIGRERRPRLS
DRPQLPYLEAFILETFRHSSFLPFTIPHSTTRDTTLNGFYIPKKCCVFVNQWQVNHDPEL
WEDPSEFRPERFLTADGTAINKPLSEKMMLFGMGKRRCIGEVLAKWEIFLFLAILLQQLE
FSVPPGVKVDLTPIYGLTMKHARCEHVQARRFSIN
Drug Target 1 [top]
Target 1 ID 198
Target 1 Name Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha
Target 1 Synonyms
  1. Peripheral nerve sodium channel 3
  2. Sodium channel protein type X subunit alpha
  3. Voltage-gated sodium channel subunit alpha Nav1.8
  4. hPN3
Target 1 Gene Name SCN10A
Target 1 Protein Sequence >Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha 
MEFPIGSLETNNFRRFTPESLVEIEKQIAAKQGTKKAREKHREQKDQEEKPRPQLDLKAC
NQLPKFYGELPAELIGEPLEDLDPFYSTHRTFMVLNKGRTISRFSATRALWLFSPFNLIR
RTAIKVSVHSWFSLFITVTILVNCVCMTRTDLPEKIEYVFTVIYTFEALIKILARGFCLN
EFTYLRDPWNWLDFSVITLAYVGTAIDLRGISGLRTFRVLRALKTVSVIPGLKVIVGALI
HSVKKLADVTILTIFCLSVFALVGLQLFKGNLKNKCVKNDMAVNETTNYSSHRKPDIYIN
KRGTSDPLLCGNGSDSGHCPDGYICLKTSDNPDFNYTSFDSFAWAFLSLFRLMTQDSWER
LYQQTLRTSGKIYMIFFVLVIFLGSFYLVNLILAVVTMAYEEQNQATTDEIEAKEKKFQE
ALEMLRKEQEVLAALGIDTTSLHSHNGSPLTSKNASERRHRIKPRVSEGSTEDNKSPRSD
PYNQRRMSFLGLASGKRRASHGSVFHFRSPGRDISLPEGVTDDGVFPGDHESHRGSLLLG
GGAGQQGPLPRSPLPQPSNPDSRHGEDEHQPPPTSELAPGAVDVSAFDAGQKKTFLSAEY
LDEPFRAQRAMSVVSIITSVLEELEESEQKCPPCLTSLSQKYLIWDCCPMWVKLKTILFG
LVTDPFAELTITLCIVVNTIFMAMEHHGMSPTFEAMLQIGNIVFTIFFTAEMVFKIIAFD
PYYYFQKKWNIFDCIIVTVSLLELGVAKKGSLSVLRSFRLLRVFKLAKSWPTLNTLIKII
GNSVGALGNLTIILAIIVFVFALVGKQLLGENYRNNRKNISAPHEDWPRWHMHDFFHSFL
IVFRILCGEWIENMWACMEVGQKSICLILFLTVMVLGNLVVLNLFIALLLNSFSADNLTA
PEDDGEVNNLQVALARIQVFGHRTKQALCSFFSRSCPFPQPKAEPELVVKLPLSSSKAEN
HIAANTARGSSGGLQAPRGPRDEHSDFIANPTVWVSVPIAEGESDLDDLEDDGGEDAQSF
QQEVIPKGQQEQLQQVERCGDHLTPRSPGTGTSSEDLAPSLGETWKDESVPQAPAEGVDD
TSSSEGSTVDCLDPEEILRKIPELADDLEEPDDCFTEGCIRHCPCCKLDTTKSPWDVGWQ
VRKTCYRIVEHSWFESFIIFMILLSSGSLAFEDYYLDQKPTVKALLEYTDRVFTFIFVFE
MLLKWVAYGFKKYFTNAWCWLDFLIVNISLISLTAKILEYSEVAPIKALRTLRALRPLRA
LSRFEGMRVVVDALVGAIPSIMNVLLVCLIFWLIFSIMGVNLFAGKFWRCINYTDGEFSL
VPLSIVNNKSDCKIQNSTGSFFWVNVKVNFDNVAMGYLALLQVATFKGWMDIMYAAVDSR
EVNMQPKWEDNVYMYLYFVIFIIFGGFFTLNLFVGVIIDNFNQQKKKLGGQDIFMTEEQK
KYYNAMKKLGSKKPQKPIPRPLNKFQGFVFDIVTRQAFDITIMVLICLNMITMMVETDDQ
SEEKTKILGKINQFFVAVFTGECVMKMFALRQYYFTNGWNVFDFIVVVLSIASLIFSAIL
KSLQSYFSPTLFRVIRLARIGRILRLIRAAKGIRTLLFALMMSLPALFNIGLLLFLVMFI
YSIFGMSSFPHVRWEAGIDDMFNFQTFANSMLCLFQITTSAGWDGLLSPILNTGPPYCDP
NLPNSNGTRGDCGSPAVGIIFFTTYIIISFLIVVNMYIAVILENFNVATEESTEPLSEDD
FDMFYETWEKFDPEATQFITFSALSDFADTLSGPLRIPKPNRNILIQMDLPLVPGDKIHC
LDILFAFTKNVLGESGELDSLKANMEEKFMATNLSKSSYEPIATTLRWKQEDISATVIQK
AYRSYVLHRSMALSNTPCVPRAEEEAASLPDEGFVAFTANENCVLPDKSETASATSFPPS
YESVTRGLSDRVNMRTSSSIQNEDEATSMELIAPGP
Target 1 Number of Residues 1988
Target 1 Molecular Weight 220568
Target 1 Theoretical pI 5.77
Target 1 GO Classification
Function
voltage-gated ion channel activity
voltage-gated sodium channel activity
transporter activity
ion transporter activity
ion channel activity
Process
cation transport
monovalent inorganic cation transport
sodium ion transport
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
ion transport
Component
protein complex
voltage-gated sodium channel complex
cell
membrane
Target 1 General Function Involved in ion channel activity
Target 1 Specific Function This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which sodium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. It is a tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channel isoform. Its electrophysiological properties vary depending on the type of the associated beta subunits (in vitro). Plays a role in neuropathic pain mechanisms
Target 1 Pathways Not Available
Target 1 Reactions Not Available
Target 1 Pfam Domain Function
Target 1 Signals
  • None
Target 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • 126-149
  • 155-174
  • 188-206
  • 213-232
  • 249-272
  • 374-399
  • 660-684
  • 696-719
  • 728-747
  • 754-773
  • 790-810
  • 865-890
  • 1148-1171
  • 1185-1210
  • 1217-1238
  • 1243-1264
  • 1284-1311
  • 1392-1418
  • 1472-1495
  • 1507-1530
  • 1537-1560
  • 1573-1594
  • 1610-1632
  • 1698-1722
Target 1 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 1 GenBank ID Protein 4838145 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9Y5Y9 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SC10A_HUMAN Link Image
Target 1 PDB ID Not Available
Target 1 Cellular Location
  • Membrane
  • multi-pass membrane protein. It can be translocated to the extracellular membrane through
Target 1 Gene Sequence >5871 bp 
ATGGAATTCCCCATTGGATCCCTCGAAACTAACAACTTCCGTCGCTTTACTCCGGAGTCA
CTGGTGGAGATAGAGAAGCAAATTGCTGCCAAGCAGGGAACAAAGAAAGCCAGAGAGAAG
CATAGGGAGCAGAAGGACCAAGAAGAGAAGCCTCGGCCCCAGCTGGACTTGAAAGCCTGC
AACCAGCTGCCCAAGTTCTATGGTGAGCTCCCAGCAGAACTGATCGGGGAGCCCCTGGAG
GATCTAGATCCGTTCTACAGCACACACCGGACATTTATGGTGCTGAACAAAGGGAGGACC
ATTTCCCGGTTTAGTGCCACTCGGGCCCTGTGGCTATTCAGTCCTTTCAACCTGATCAGA
AGAACGGCCATCAAAGTGTCTGTCCACTCGTGGTTCAGTTTATTTATTACGGTCACTATT
TTGGTTAATTGTGTGTGCATGACCCGAACTGACCTTCCAGAGAAAATTGAATATGTCTTC
ACTGTCATTTACACCTTTGAAGCCTTGATAAAGATACTGGCAAGAGGATTTTGTCTAAAT
GAGTTCACGTACCTGAGAGATCCTTGGAACTGGCTGGATTTTAGCGTCATTACCCTGGCA
TATGTTGGCACAGCAATAGATCTCCGTGGGATCTCAGGCCTGCGGACATTCAGAGTTCTT
AGAGCATTAAAAACAGTTTCTGTGATCCCAGGCCTGAAGGTCATTGTGGGGGCCCTGATT
CACTCAGTGAAGAAACTGGCTGATGTGACCATCCTCACCATCTTCTGCCTAAGTGTTTTT
GCCTTGGTGGGGCTGCAACTCTTCAAGGGCAACCTCAAAAATAAATGTGTCAAGAATGAC
ATGGCTGTCAATGAGACAACCAACTACTCATCTCACAGAAAACCAGATATCTACATAAAT
AAGCGAGGCACTTCTGACCCCTTACTGTGTGGCAATGGATCTGACTCAGGCCACTGCCCT
GATGGTTATATCTGCCTTAAAACTTCTGACAACCCGGATTTTAACTACACCAGCTTTGAT
TCCTTTGCTTGGGCTTTCCTCTCACTGTTCCGCCTCATGACACAGGATTCCTGGGAACGC
CTCTACCAGCAGACCCTGAGGACTTCTGGGAAAATCTATATGATCTTTTTTGTGCTCGTA
ATCTTCCTGGGATCTTTCTACCTGGTCAACTTGATCTTGGCTGTAGTCACCATGGCGTAT
GAGGAGCAGAACCAGGCAACCACTGATGAAATTGAAGCAAAGGAGAAGAAGTTCCAGGAG
GCCCTCGAGATGCTCCGGAAGGAGCAGGAGGTGCTAGCAGCACTAGGGATTGACACAACC
TCTCTCCACTCCCACAATGGATCACCTTTAACCTCCAAAAATGCCAGTGAGAGAAGGCAT
AGAATAAAGCCAAGAGTGTCAGAGGGCTCCACAGAAGACAACAAATCACCCCGCTCTGAT
CCTTACAACCAGCGCAGGATGTCTTTTCTAGGCCTCGCCTCTGGAAAACGCCGGGCTAGT
CATGGCAGTGTGTTCCATTTCCGGTCCCCTGGCCGAGATATCTCACTCCCTGAGGGAGTC
ACAGATGATGGAGTCTTTCCTGGAGACCACGAAAGCCATCGGGGCTCTCTGCTGCTGGGT
GGGGGTGCTGGCCAGCAAGGCCCCCTCCCTAGAAGCCCTCTTCCTCAACCCAGCAACCCT
GACTCCAGGCATGGAGAAGATGAACACCAACCGCCGCCCACTAGTGAGCTTGCCCCTGGA
GCTGTCGATGTCTCGGCATTCGATGCAGGACAAAAGAAGACTTTCTTGTCAGCAGAATAC
TTAGATGAACCTTTCCGGGCCCAAAGGGCAATGAGTGTTGTCAGTATCATAACCTCCGTC
CTTGAGGAACTCGAGGAGTCTGAACAGAAGTGCCCACCCTGCTTGACCAGCTTGTCTCAG
AAGTATCTGATCTGGGATTGCTGCCCCATGTGGGTGAAGCTCAAGACAATTCTCTTTGGG
CTTGTGACGGATCCCTTTGCAGAGCTCACCATCACCTTGTGCATCGTGGTGAACACCATC
TTCATGGCCATGGAGCACCATGGCATGAGCCCTACCTTCGAAGCCATGCTCCAGATAGGC
AACATCGTCTTTACCATATTTTTTACTGCTGAAATGGTCTTCAAAATCATTGCCTTCGAC
CCATACTATTATTTCCAGAAGAAGTGGAATATCTTTGACTGCATCATCGTCACTGTGAGT
CTGCTAGAGCTGGGCGTGGCCAAGAAGGGAAGCCTGTCTGTGCTGCGGAGCTTCCGCTTG
CTGCGCGTATTCAAGCTGGCCAAATCCTGGCCCACCTTAAACACACTCATCAAGATCATC
GGAAACTCAGTGGGGGCACTGGGGAACCTCACCATCATCCTGGCCATCATTGTCTTTGTC
TTTGCTCTGGTTGGCAAGCAGCTCCTAGGGGAAAACTACCGTAACAACCGAAAAAATATC
TCCGCGCCCCATGAAGACTGGCCCCGCTGGCACATGCACGACTTCTTCCACTCTTTCCTC
ATTGTCTTCCGTATCCTCTGTGGAGAGTGGATTGAGAACATGTGGGCCTGCATGGAAGTT
GGCCAAAAATCCATATGCCTCATCCTTTTCTTGACGGTGATGGTGCTAGGGAACCTGGTG
GTGCTTAACCTGTTCATCGCCCTGCTATTGAACTCTTTCAGTGCTGACAACCTCACAGCC
CCGGAGGACGATGGGGAGGTGAACAACCTGCAGGTGGCCCTGGCACGGATCCAGGTCTTT
GGCCATCGTACCAAACAGGCTCTTTGCAGCTTCTTCAGCAGGTCCTGCCCATTCCCCCAG
CCCAAGGCAGAGCCTGAGCTGGTGGTGAAACTCCCACTCTCCAGCTCCAAGGCTGAGAAC
CACATTGCTGCCAACACTGCCAGGGGGAGCTCTGGAGGGCTCCAAGCTCCCAGAGGCCCC
AGGGATGAGCACAGTGACTTCATCGCTAATCCGACTGTGTGGGTCTCTGTGCCCATTGCT
GAGGGTGAATCTGATCTTGATGACTTGGAGGATGATGGTGGGGAAGATGCTCAGAGCTTC
CAGCAGGAAGTGATCCCCAAAGGACAGCAGGAGCAGCTGCAGCAAGTCGAGAGGTGTGGG
GACCACCTGACACCCAGGAGCCCAGGCACTGGAACATCTTCTGAGGACCTGGCTCCATCC
CTGGGTGAGACGTGGAAAGATGAGTCTGTTCCTCAGGCCCCTGCTGAGGGAGTGGACGAC
ACAAGCTCCTCTGAGGGCAGCACGGTGGACTGCCTAGATCCTGAGGAAATCCTGAGGAAG
ATCCCTGAGCTGGCAGATGACCTGGAAGAACCAGATGACTGCTTCACAGAAGGATGCATT
CGCCACTGTCCCTGCTGCAAACTGGATACCACCAAGAGTCCATGGGATGTGGGCTGGCAG
GTGCGCAAGACTTGCTACCGTATCGTGGAGCACAGCTGGTTTGAGAGCTTCATCATCTTC
ATGATCCTGCTCAGCAGTGGATCTCTGGCCTTTGAAGACTATTACCTGGACCAGAAGCCC
ACGGTGAAAGCTTTGCTGGAGTACACTGACAGGGTCTTCACCTTTATCTTTGTGTTCGAG
ATGCTGCTTAAGTGGGTGGCCTATGGCTTCAAAAAGTACTTCACCAATGCCTGGTGCTGG
CTGGACTTCCTCATTGTGAATATCTCACTGATAAGTCTCACAGCGAAGATTCTGGAATAT
TCTGAAGTGGCTCCCATCAAAGCCCTTCGAACCCTTCGCGCTCTGCGGCCACTGCGGGCT
CTTTCTCGATTTGAAGGCATGCGGGTGGTGGTGGATGCCCTGGTGGGCGCCATCCCATCC
ATCATGAATGTCCTCCTCGTCTGCCTCATCTTCTGGCTCATCTTCAGCATCATGGGTGTG
AACCTCTTCGCAGGGAAGTTTTGGAGGTGCATCAACTATACCGATGGAGAGTTTTCCCTT
GTACCTTTGTCGATTGTGAATAACAAGTCTGACTGCAAGATTCAAAACTCCACTGGCAGC
TTCTTCTGGGTCAATGTGAAAGTCAACTTTGATAATGTTGCAATGGGTTACCTTGCACTT
CTGCAGGTGGCAACCTTTAAAGGCTGGATGGACATTATGTATGCAGCTGTTGATTCCCGG
GAGGTCAACATGCAACCCAAGTGGGAGGACAACGTGTACATGTATTTGTACTTTGTCATC
TTCATCATTTTTGGAGGCTTCTTCACACTGAATCTCTTTGTTGGGGTCATAATTGACAAC
TTCAATCAACAGAAAAAAAAGTTAGGGGGCCAGGACATCTTCATGACAGAGGAGCAGAAG
AAATACTACAATGCCATGAAGAAGTTGGGCTCCAAGAAGCCCCAGAAGCCCATCCCACGG
CCCCTGAACAAGTTCCAGGGTTTTGTCTTTGACATCGTGACCAGACAAGCTTTTGACATC
ACCATCATGGTCCTCATCTGCCTCAACATGATCACCATGATGGTGGAGACTGATGACCAA
AGTGAAGAAAAGACGAAAATTCTGGGCAAAATCAACCAGTTCTTTGTGGCCGTCTTCACA
GGCGAATGTGTCATGAAGATGTTCGCTTTGAGGCAGTACTACTTCACAAATGGCTGGAAT
GTGTTTGACTTCATTGTGGTGGTTCTCTCCATTGCGAGCCTGATTTTTTCTGCAATTCTT
AAGTCACTTCAAAGTTACTTCTCCCCAACGCTCTTCAGAGTCATCCGCCTGGCCCGAATT
GGCCGCATCCTCAGACTGATCCGAGCGGCCAAGGGGATCCGCACACTGCTCTTTGCCCTC
ATGATGTCCCTGCCTGCCCTCTTCAACATCGGGCTGTTGCTATTCCTTGTCATGTTCATC
TACTCCATCTTCGGTATGTCCAGCTTTCCCCATGTGAGGTGGGAGGCTGGCATCGACGAC
ATGTTCAACTTCCAGACCTTCGCCAACAGCATGCTGTGCCTCTTCCAGATTACCACGTCG
GCCGGCTGGGATGGCCTCCTCAGCCCCATCCTCAACACAGGGCCCCCCTACTGTGACCCC
AATCTGCCCAACAGCAATGGCACCAGAGGGGACTGTGGGAGCCCAGCCGTAGGCATCATC
TTCTTCACCACCTACATCATCATCTCCTTCCTCATCGTGGTCAACATGTACATTGCAGTG
ATTCTGGAGAACTTCAATGTGGCCACGGAGGAGAGCACTGAGCCTCTGAGTGAGGACGAC
TTTGACATGTTCTATGAGACCTGGGAGAAGTTTGACCCAGAGGCCACTCAGTTTATTACC
TTTTCTGCTCTCTCGGACTTTGCAGACACTCTCTCTGGTCCCCTGAGAATCCCAAAACCC
AATCGAAATATACTGATCCAGATGGACCTGCCTTTGGTCCCTGGAGATAAGATCCACTGC
TTGGACATCCTTTTTGCTTTCACCAAGAATGTCCTAGGAGAATCCGGGGAGTTGGATTCT
CTGAAGGCAAATATGGAGGAGAAGTTTATGGCAACTAATCTTTCAAAATCATCCTATGAA
CCAATAGCAACCACTCTCCGATGGAAGCAAGAAGACATTTCAGCCACTGTCATTCAAAAG
GCCTATCGGAGCTATGTGCTGCACCGCTCCATGGCACTCTCTAACACCCCATGTGTGCCC
AGAGCTGAGGAGGAGGCTGCATCACTCCCAGATGAAGGTTTTGTTGCATTCACAGCAAAT
GAAAATTGTGTACTCCCAGACAAATCTGAAACTGCTTCTGCCACATCATTCCCACCGTCC
TATGAGAGTGTCACTAGAGGCCTTAGTGATAGAGTCAACATGAGGACATCTAGCTCAATA
CAAAATGAAGATGAAGCCACCAGTATGGAGCTGATTGCCCCTGGGCCCTAG
Target 1 GenBank Gene ID
Target 1 GeneCard ID SCN10A Link Image
Target 1 GenAtlas ID SCN10A Link Image
Target 1 HGNC ID HGNC:10582 Link Image
Target 1 Chromosome Location 3
Target 1 Locus 3p22-p21
Target 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 1 General References
  1. Rabert DK, Koch BD, Ilnicka M, Obernolte RA, Naylor SL, Herman RC, Eglen RM, Hunter JC, Sangameswaran L: A tetrodotoxin-resistant voltage-gated sodium channel from human dorsal root ganglia, hPN3/SCN10A. Pain. 1998 Nov;78(2):107-14. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 1 Drug References
  1. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed Link Image]

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.