DrugBank: Quazepam (DB01589)

targets (15) enzymes (3)

Identification

Name

Quazepam

Accession Number

DB01589

Type

small molecule

Groups

illicit, approved

Description

Quazepam is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It induces impairment of motor function and has hypnotic properties. Quazepam is used to treat insomnia.

Structure

Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure

Synonyms

Quazepamum [inn-latin]

Brand names

Cetrane
Doral
Dormalin
Oniria
Prosedar
Quazium
Selepam

Brand name mixtures

Not Available

Categories

Anti-anxiety Agents
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Benzodiazepines
GABA Modulators

CAS number

36735-22-5

Weight

Average: 386.794
Monoisotopic: 386.026759579

Chemical Formula

C₁₇H₁₁ClF₄N₂S

InChI Key

InChIKey=IKMPWMZBZSAONZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C17H11ClF4N2S/c18-10-5-6-14-12(7-10)16(11-3-1-2-4-13(11)19)23-8-15(25)24(14)9-17(20,21)22/h1-7H,8-9H2

Plain Text

IUPAC Name

7-chloro-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-thione

SMILES

FC1=C(C=CC=C1)C1=NCC(=S)N(CC(F)(F)F)C2=C1C=C(Cl)C=C2

Plain Text

Mass Spec

Not Available

Taxonomy

Kingdom

Organic

Classes

Benzodiazepines
Lactams

Substructures

Benzodiazepines
Thioamides
Benzene and Derivatives
Aryl Halides
Halobenzenes
Lactams
Heterocyclic compounds
Aromatic compounds
Diazepines
Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
Imines
Anilines

Pharmacology

Indication

Used to treat insomnia.

Pharmacodynamics

Quazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative. The main pharmacological action of quazepam is the enhancement of the neurotransmitter, GABA at the GABA_A receptor.

Mechanism of action

Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to benzodiazepine receptors, which affects muscle relaxation, anticonvulsant activity, motor coordination, and memory. As benzodiazepine receptors are thought to be coupled to gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA_A) receptors, this enhances the effects of GABA by increasing GABA affinity for the GABA receptor. Binding of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA to the site opens the chloride channel, resulting in a hyperpolarized cell membrane that prevents further excitation of the cell.

Absorption

Bioavailability is 29-35% following oral administration.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Hepatic.

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half life

39 hours

Clearance

Not Available

Toxicity

Not Available

Affected organisms

Humans and other mammals

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Questcor pharmaceuticals inc

Packagers

Dosage forms

Form	Route	Strength
Tablet	Oral

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Country	Patent Number	Approved	Expires
United States	7608616	2008-06-03	2028-06-03

Properties

State

solid

Melting point

137.5-139 oC

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	4.03 [SANGSTER (1994)]	PhysProp

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
water solubility	2.31e-03 g/l	ALOGPS
logP	4.76	ALOGPS
logP	5.06	ChemAxon Molconvert
logS	-5.22	ALOGPS
pKa		ChemAxon Molconvert
hydrogen acceptor count	1	ChemAxon Molconvert
hydrogen donor count	0	ChemAxon Molconvert
polar surface area	15.60	ChemAxon Molconvert
rotatable bond count	3	ChemAxon Molconvert
refractivity	93.47	ChemAxon Molconvert
polarizability	33.99	ChemAxon Molconvert

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

General Reference

Not Available

External Links

Resource	Link
KEGG Drug	D00457
KEGG Compound	C07336
PubChem Compound	4999
PubChem Substance	46505952
ChemSpider	4825
Therapeutic Targets Database	DAP000690
PharmGKB	PA451200
Drug Product Database	0
Drugs.com	http://www.drugs.com/cdi/quazepam.html
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quazepam

ATC Codes

N05CD10

AHFS Codes

Not Available

PDB Entries

Not Available

FDA label

Not Available

MSDS

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions

Not Available

Food Interactions

Not Available

Targets
1. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel Organism class: human UniProt ID: P14867 Gene: GABRA1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. Pubmed 2. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-2 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel Organism class: human UniProt ID: P47869 Gene: GABRA2 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 3. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-3 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel Organism class: human UniProt ID: P34903 Gene: GABRA3 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 4. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-5 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel Organism class: human UniProt ID: P31644 Gene: GABRA5 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 5. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel Organism class: human UniProt ID: Q8N1C3 Gene: GABRG1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 6. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel Organism class: human UniProt ID: P18507 Gene: GABRG2 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 7. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel Organism class: human UniProt ID: Q99928 Gene: GABRG3 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 8. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-1 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel Organism class: human UniProt ID: P18505 Gene: GABRB1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 9. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-3 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel Organism class: human UniProt ID: P28472 Gene: GABRB3 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 10. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel Organism class: human UniProt ID: O14764 Gene: GABRD Protein Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 11. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel Organism class: human UniProt ID: P78334 Gene: GABRE Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 12. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. In the uterus, the function of the receptor appears to be related to tissue contractility. The binding of this pI subunit with other GABA(A) receptor subunits alters the sensitivity of recombinant receptors to modulatory agents such as pregnanolone Organism class: human UniProt ID: O00591 Gene: GABRP Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 13. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit rho-1 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. Rho-1 GABA receptor could play a role in retinal neurotransmission Organism class: human UniProt ID: P24046 Gene: GABRR1 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 14. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. Rho-2 GABA receptor could play a role in retinal neurotransmission Organism class: human UniProt ID: P28476 Gene: GABRR2 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed 15. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 Pharmacological action: yes Actions: potentiator GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel (By similarity) Organism class: human UniProt ID: A8MPY1 Gene: GABRR3 Protein Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

Targets

1. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-1

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P14867 Link_out

Gene: GABRA1 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed
Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed
Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed
Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. Pubmed

2. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-2

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P47869 Link_out

Gene: GABRA2 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

3. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-3

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P34903 Link_out

Gene: GABRA3 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

4. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit alpha-5

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P31644 Link_out

Gene: GABRA5 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

5. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: Q8N1C3 Link_out

Gene: GABRG1 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

6. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P18507 Link_out

Gene: GABRG2 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

7. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: Q99928 Link_out

Gene: GABRG3 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

8. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-1

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P18505 Link_out

Gene: GABRB1 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

9. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit beta-3

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P28472 Link_out

Gene: GABRB3 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

10. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: O14764 Link_out

Gene: GABRD Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

11. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P78334 Link_out

Gene: GABRE Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

12. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. In the uterus, the function of the receptor appears to be related to tissue contractility. The binding of this pI subunit with other GABA(A) receptor subunits alters the sensitivity of recombinant receptors to modulatory agents such as pregnanolone

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: O00591 Link_out

Gene: GABRP Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

13. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit rho-1

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P24046 Link_out

Gene: GABRR1 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

14. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: P28476 Link_out

Gene: GABRR2 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

15. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3

Pharmacological action: yes
Actions: potentiator

Organism class: human
UniProt ID: A8MPY1 Link_out

Gene: GABRR3 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Meldrum BS, Chapman AG: Benzodiazepine receptors and their relationship to the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 1:S3-13. Pubmed
Billard W, Crosby G, Iorio L, Chipkin R, Barnett A: Selective affinity of the benzodiazepines quazepam and 2-oxo-quazepam for BZ1 binding site and demonstration of 3H-2-oxo-quazepam as a BZ1 selective radioligand. Life Sci. 1988;42(2):179-87. Pubmed

Enzymes
1. Cytochrome P450 2C19 Actions: substrate Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine UniProt ID: P33261 Gene: CYP2C19 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed 2. Cytochrome P450 2C9 Actions: substrate Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S- warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan UniProt ID: P11712 Gene: CYP2C9 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed 3. Cytochrome P450 3A4 Actions: substrate Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4- hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide UniProt ID: P08684 Gene: CYP3A4 Protein Sequence: FASTA Gene Sequence: FASTA SNPs: SNPJam Report References: Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

Enzymes

1. Cytochrome P450 2C19

Actions: substrate

Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine

UniProt ID: P33261 Link_out

Gene: CYP2C19 Link_out

Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

2. Cytochrome P450 2C9

Actions: substrate

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S- warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan

UniProt ID: P11712 Link_out

Gene: CYP2C9
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

3. Cytochrome P450 3A4

Actions: substrate

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4- hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide

UniProt ID: P08684 Link_out

Gene: CYP3A4
Protein Sequence: FASTA
Gene Sequence: FASTA
SNPs: SNPJam Report Link_out

References:

Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

Comments

Drug created on August 29, 2007 09:30 / Updated on November 10, 2010 13:49

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.