Drugbank Logo

Showing drug card for Estrone (DB00655)

Legend: drug field target field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-06-13 13:24:05
Update Date 2009-02-19 16:04:30
Primary Accession Number DB00655
Secondary Accession Number
  • APRD00588
Name Estrone
Drug Type
  • Approved
  • Small Molecule
Description An aromatized C18 steroid with a 3-hydroxyl group and a 17-ketone, a major mammalian estrogen. It is converted from androstenedione directly, or from testosterone via estradiol. In humans, it is produced primarily by the cyclic ovaries, placenta, and the adipose tissue of men and postmenopausal women. [PubChem]
Synonyms Not Available
Brand Names
  1. Aquacrine
  2. Crinovaryl
  3. Cristallovar
  4. Crystogen
  5. Destrone
  6. Disynformon
  7. Endofolliculina
  8. Esterone
  9. Estrin
  10. Estrogenic Substance
  11. Estrol
  12. Estron
  13. Estrona
  14. Estrona [INN-Spanish]
  15. Estrona [Spanish]
  16. Estrone [Usan:Inn]
  17. Estrone-A
  18. Estronum [INN-Latin]
  19. Estrovarin
  20. Estrugenone
  21. Estrusol
  22. Femestrone Inj.
  23. Femestrone Injection
  24. Femidyn
  25. Fermidyn
  26. Folikrin
  27. Folipex
  28. Folisan
  29. Follestrine
  30. Follestrol
  31. Follicular Hormone
  32. Folliculin
  33. Folliculine
  34. Folliculine Benzoate
  35. Follicunodis
  36. Follidrin
  37. GSS 33
  38. Glandubolin
  39. Hiestrone
  40. Hormestrin
  41. Hormofollin
  42. Hormovarine
  43. Kestrone
  44. Ketodestrin
  45. Ketohydroxy-Estratriene
  46. Ketohydroxyestrin
  47. Ketohydroxyoestrin
  48. Ketophydroxyestrin
  49. Kolpon
  50. Menagen
  51. Menformon
  52. Menformon A
  53. Mestronaq
  54. OVEX
  55. Oestrin
  56. Oestroform
  57. Oestrone
  58. Oestrone [Steroidal Oestrogens]
  59. Oestronum
  60. Oestroperos
  61. Ovifollin
  62. Penncap M
  63. Perlatan
  64. Sinafid M-48
  65. Solliculin
  66. Theelin
  67. Thelestrin
  68. Thelykinin
  69. Thynestron
  70. Tokokin
  71. Unden
  72. Wynestron
  73. Wynestronpencap M
Brand Mixtures
  1. Cimicifuga Plex (Caulophyllum Thalictroides + Cimicifuga Racemosa + Copper + Cotton Plant + Estrone + Histamine Dihydrochloride + Hypothalamus + Magnesium Phosphate Dibasic + Pituitary Whole + Platinum + Sepia Officinalis L + Thyroid)
  2. Holis 98 (Dioscorea Vilosa + Estrone + Salvia + Saw Palmetto)
Chemical IUPAC Name (8R,9S,13S,14S)-3-hydroxy-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one
Chemical Formula C18H22O2
Chemical Structure Structure
CAS Registry Number 53-16-7
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C18H22O2/c1-18-9-8-14-13-5-3-12(19)10-11(13)2-4-15(14)16(18)6-7-17(18)20/h3,5,10,14-16,19H,2,4,6-9H2,1H3/t14-,15-,16+,18+/m1/s1
InChI Key DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-CBZIJGRNBW
KEGG Drug D00067 Link Image
KEGG Compound C00468 Link Image
PubChem Compound 5870 Link Image
PubChem Substance 148674 Link Image
ChEBI ID 17263 Link Image
PharmGKB ID PA449512 Link Image
HET ID E3G Link Image
GenBank ID Not Available
Drug ID Number [DIN] 00727369 Link Image
RxList Link Not Available
PDRhealth Link Not Available
Wikipedia Link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrone Link Image
FDA Label Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Synthesis Reference G. Anner, K. Miescher, and Helv. Chem. Acta. 31, 2173(1948)
Average Molecular Weight 270.3661
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 270.1620
State Solid
Melting Point 254.5-256 oC
Experimental Water Solubility 3 g/100mL Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 3.94e-03 mg/mL Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity 3.6 Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP 4.03 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental LogS -3.96 [ADME Research, USCD]
Predicted LogS -4.84 Calculated using ALOGPS
Experimental Caco2 Permeability Not Available
pKa/Isoelectric Point Not Available
Mass Spectrum Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image | Download Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Isomeric SMILES C[C@]12CC[C@H]3[C@@H](CCC4=C3C=CC(O)=C4)[C@@H]1CCC2=O
Canonical SMILES CC12CCC3C(CCC4=C3C=CC(O)=C4)C1CCC2=O
Drug Category
  • Anti-menopausal Agents
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Estrogens
  • Osteoporosis Prophylactic
ATC Codes
AHFS Codes
  • 68:16.04
  • 92:02.00*
Indication For management of Menopausal and postmenopausal disorders
Pharmacology Estrone, a synthetically prepared or naturally occurring steroidal estrogen obtained from pregnant equine urine, is the primary circulating estrogen after menopause. Estrone is naturally derived from the peripheral conversion of androstenedione by an aromatase enzyme found in adipose tissues and is converted to estradiol in peripheral tissues. Estropipate is piperazine-stabilized estrone sulfate. Estrone, and estropipate are used to treat abnormalities related to gonadotropin hormone dysfunction, vasomotor symptoms, atrophic vaginitis, and vulvar atrophy associated with menopause, and for the prevention of osteoporosis due to estrogen deficiency.
Mechanism of Action Estrogens enter the cells of responsive tissues (e.g., female organs, breasts, hypothalamus, pituitary) where they interact with a protein receptor, estrogen receptors, subsequently increasing the rate of synthesis of DNA, RNA, and some proteins. Estrogens increase the hepatic synthesis of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), thyroid-binding globulin (TBG), and other serum proteins and suppress follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary.
Absorption 43%
Toxicity Symptoms of overdose include nausea and vomiting. Withdrawal bleeding may occur in females.
Protein Binding >95%
Biotransformation Hepatic.
Half Life 19 hours
Dosage Forms
Form Route
Cream Intravaginal
Liquid Oral
Solution / drops Oral
Patient Information Show Link Image
Contraindications Show Link Image
Interactions Show Link Image
Drug Interactions Not Available
Food Interactions Not Available
Pathways Not Available
General References
  1. Drugs.com Link Image
  2. Wikipedia Link Image
Organisms Affected
  • Humans and other mammals
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzymes
  1. Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)
  2. Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)
Targets
  1. Estrogen receptor
  2. Serum albumin
  3. Sex hormone-binding globulin
  4. Cytochrome P450 1B1
  5. Steryl-sulfatase
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 Name Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)
Enzyme 1 Gene Name CYP1A2
Enzyme 1 SwissProt ID P05177 Link Image
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >P05177|CP1A2_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 1A2 - Homo sapiens (Human).
MALSQSVPFSATELLLASAIFCLVFWVLKGLRPRVPKGLKSPPEPWGWPLLGHVLTLGKN
PHLALSRMSQRYGDVLQIRIGSTPVLVLSRLDTIRQALVRQGDDFKGRPDLYTSTLITDG
QSLTFSTDSGPVWAARRRLAQNALNTFSIASDPASSSSCYLEEHVSKEAKALISRLQELM
AGPGHFDPYNQVVVSVANVIGAMCFGQHFPESSDEMLSLVKNTHEFVETASSGNPLDFFP
ILRYLPNPALQRFKAFNQRFLWFLQKTVQEHYQDFDKNSVRDITGALFKHSKKGPRASGN
LIPQEKIVNLVNDIFGAGFDTVTTAISWSLMYLVTKPEIQRKIQKELDTVIGRERRPRLS
DRPQLPYLEAFILETFRHSSFLPFTIPHSTTRDTTLNGFYIPKKCCVFVNQWQVNHDPEL
WEDPSEFRPERFLTADGTAINKPLSEKMMLFGMGKRRCIGEVLAKWEIFLFLAILLQQLE
FSVPPGVKVDLTPIYGLTMKHARCEHVQARRFSIN
Phase 1 Metabolizing Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 Name Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)
Enzyme 2 Gene Name CYP1A1
Enzyme 2 SwissProt ID P04798 Link Image
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >sp|P04798|CP1A1_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 1A1 (EC 1.14.14.1)
MLFPISMSATEFLLASVIFCLVFWVIRASRPQVPKGLKNPPGPWGWPLIGHMLTLGKNPH
LALSRMSQQYGDVLQIRIGSTPVVVLSGLDTIRQALVRQGDDFKGRPDLYTFTLISNGQS
MSFSPDSGPVWAARRRLAQNGLKSFSIASDPASSTSCYLEEHVSKEAEVLISTLQELMAG
PGHFNPYRYVVVSVTNVICAICFGRRYDHNHQELLSLVNLNNNFGEVVGSGNPADFIPIL
RYLPNPSLNAFKDLNEKFYSFMQKMVKEHYKTFEKGHIRDITDSLIEHCQEKQLDENANV
QLSDEKIINIVLDLFGAGFDTVTTAISWSLMYLVMNPRVQRKIQEELDTVIGRSRRPRLS
DRSHLPYMEAFILETFRHSSFVPFTIPHSTTRDTSLKGFYIPKGRCVFVNQWQINHDQKL
WVNPSEFLPERFLTPDGAIDKVLSEKVIIFGMGKRKCIGETIARWEVFLFLAILLQRVEF
SVPLGVKVDMTPIYGLTMKHACCEHFQMQLRS
Drug Target 1 [top]
Target 1 ID 136
Target 1 Name Estrogen receptor
Target 1 Synonyms
  1. ER
  2. ER-alpha
  3. Estradiol receptor
Target 1 Gene Name ESR1
Target 1 Protein Sequence >Estrogen receptor
MTMTLHTKASGMALLHQIQGNELEPLNRPQLKIPLERPLGEVYLDSSKPAVYNYPEGAAY
EFNAAAAANAQVYGQTGLPYGPGSEAAAFGSNGLGGFPPLNSVSPSPLMLLHPPPQLSPF
LQPHGQQVPYYLENEPSGYTVREAGPPAFYRPNSDNRRQGGRERLASTNDKGSMAMESAK
ETRYCAVCNDYASGYHYGVWSCEGCKAFFKRSIQGHNDYMCPATNQCTIDKNRRKSCQAC
RLRKCYEVGMMKGGIRKDRRGGRMLKHKRQRDDGEGRGEVGSAGDMRAANLWPSPLMIKR
SKKNSLALSLTADQMVSALLDAEPPILYSEYDPTRPFSEASMMGLLTNLADRELVHMINW
AKRVPGFVDLTLHDQVHLLECAWLEILMIGLVWRSMEHPGKLLFAPNLLLDRNQGKCVEG
MVEIFDMLLATSSRFRMMNLQGEEFVCLKSIILLNSGVYTFLSSTLKSLEEKDHIHRVLD
KITDTLIHLMAKAGLTLQQQHQRLAQLLLILSHIRHMSNKGMEHLYSMKCKNVVPLYDLL
LEMLDAHRLHAPTSRGGASVEETDQSHLATAGSTSSHSLQKYYITGEAEGFPATV
Target 1 Number of Residues 604
Target 1 Molecular Weight 66217
Target 1 Theoretical pI 8.14
Target 1 GO Classification
Function
ion binding
cation binding
transition metal ion binding
zinc ion binding
steroid binding
signal transducer activity
receptor activity
ligand-dependent nuclear receptor activity
steroid hormone receptor activity
binding
nucleic acid binding
DNA binding
transcription factor activity
Process
regulation of biological process
regulation of physiological process
regulation of metabolism
regulation of cellular metabolism
regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
regulation of transcription
regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
Component
organelle
membrane-bound organelle
intracellular membrane-bound organelle
nucleus
Target 1 General Function Involved in transcription factor activity
Target 1 Specific Function Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues
Target 1 Pathways Not Available
Target 1 Reactions Not Available
Target 1 Pfam Domain Function
Target 1 Signals
  • None
Target 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 1 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 1 GenBank ID Protein 31234 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P03372 Link Image
Target 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ESR1_HUMAN Link Image
Target 1 PDB ID 1R5K Link Image
Target 1 PDB File Show
Target 1 3D Structure
Target 1 Cellular Location
  • Nucleus
Target 1 Gene Sequence >1788 bp
ATGACCATGACCCTCCACACCAAAGCATCTGGGATGGCCCTACTGCATCAGATCCAAGGG
AACGAGCTGGAGCCCCTGAACCGTCCGCAGCTCAAGATCCCCCTGGAGCGGCCCCTGGGC
GAGGTGTACCTGGACAGCAGCAAGCCCGCCGTGTACAACTACCCCGAGGGCGCCGCCTAC
GAGTTCAACGCCGCGGCCGCCGCCAACGCGCAGGTCTACGGTCAGACCGGCCTCCCCTAC
GGCCCCGGGTCTGAGGCTGCGGCGTTCGGCTCCAACGGCCTGGGGGGTTTCCCCCCACTC
AACAGCGTGTCTCCGAGCCCGCTGATGCTACTGCACCCGCCGCCGCAGCTGTCGCCTTTC
CTGCAGCCCCACGGCCAGCAGGTGCCCTACTACCTGGAGAACGAGCCCAGCGGCTACACG
GTGCGCGAGGCCGGCCCGCCGGCATTCTACAGGCCAAATTCAGATAATCGACGCCAGGGT
GGCAGAGAAAGATTGGCCAGTACCAATGACAAGGGAAGTATGGCTATGGAATCTGCCAAG
GAGACTCGCTACTGTGCAGTGTGCAATGACTATGCTTCAGGCTACCATTATGGAGTCTGG
TCCTGTGAGGGCTGCAAGGCCTTCTTCAAGAGAAGTATTCAAGGACATAACGACTATATG
TGTCCAGCCACCAACCAGTGCACCATTGATAAAAACAGGAGGAAGAGCTGCCAGGCCTGC
CGGCTCCGCAAATGCTACGAAGTGGGAATGATGAAAGGTGGGATACGAAAAGACCGAAGA
GGAGGGAGAATGTTGAAACACAAGCGCCAGAGAGATGATGGGGAGGGCAGGGGTGAAGTG
GGGTCTGCTGGAGACATGAGAGCTGCCAACCTTTGGCCAAGCCCGCTCATGATCAAACGC
TCTAAGAAGAACAGCCTGGCCTTGTCCCTGACGGCCGACCAGATGGTCAGTGCCTTGTTG
GATGCTGAGCCCCCCATACTCTATTCCGAGTATGATCCTACCAGACCCTTCAGTGAAGCT
TCGATGATGGGCTTACTGACCAACCTGGCAGACAGGGAGCTGGTTCACATGATCAACTGG
GCGAAGAGGGTGCCAGGCTTTGTGGATTTGACCCTCCATGATCAGGTCCACCTTCTAGAA
TGTGCCTGGCTAGAGATCCTGATGATTGGTCTCGTCTGGCGCTCCATGGAGCACCCAGTG
AAGCTACTGTTTGCTCCTAACTTGCTCTTGGACAGGAACCAGGGAAAATGTGTAGAGGGC
ATGGTGGAGATCTTCGACATGCTGCTGGCTACATCATCTCGGTTCCGCATGATGAATCTG
CAGGGAGAGGAGTTTGTGTGCCTCAAATCTATTATTTTGCTTAATTCTGGAGTGTACACA
TTTCTGTCCAGCACCCTGAAGTCTCTGGAAGAGAAGGACCATATCCACCGAGTCCTGGAC
AAGATCACAGACACTTTGATCCACCTGATGGCCAAGGCAGGCCTGACCCTGCAGCAGCAG
CACCAGCGGCTGGCCCAGCTCCTCCTCATCCTCTCCCACATCAGGCACATGAGTAACAAA
GGCATGGAGCATCTGTACAGCATGAAGTGCAAGAACGTGGTGCCCCTCTATGACCTGCTG
CTGGAGATGCTGGACGCCCACCGCCTACATGCGCCCACTAGCCGTGGAGGGGCATCCGTG
GAGGAGACGGACCAAAGCCACTTGGCCACTGCGGGCTCTACTTCATCGCATTCCTTGCAA
AAGTATTACATCACGGGGGAGGCAGAGGGTTTCCCTGCCACAGTCTGA
Target 1 GenBank Gene ID
Target 1 GeneCard ID ESR1 Link Image
Target 1 GenAtlas ID ESR1 Link Image
Target 1 HGNC ID HGNC:3467 Link Image
Target 1 Chromosome Location 6
Target 1 Locus 6q25.1
Target 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 1 General References
  1. Montano MM, Ekena K, Delage-Mourroux R, Chang W, Martini P, Katzenellenbogen BS: An estrogen receptor-selective coregulator that potentiates the effectiveness of antiestrogens and represses the activity of estrogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jun 8;96(12):6947-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Rogatsky I, Trowbridge JM, Garabedian MJ: Potentiation of human estrogen receptor alpha transcriptional activation through phosphorylation of serines 104 and 106 by the cyclin A-CDK2 complex. J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 6;274(32):22296-302. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Lee SK, Anzick SL, Choi JE, Bubendorf L, Guan XY, Jung YK, Kallioniemi OP, Kononen J, Trent JM, Azorsa D, Jhun BH, Cheong JH, Lee YC, Meltzer PS, Lee JW: A nuclear factor, ASC-2, as a cancer-amplified transcriptional coactivator essential for ligand-dependent transactivation by nuclear receptors in vivo. J Biol Chem. 1999 Nov 26;274(48):34283-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Schubert EL, Lee MK, Newman B, King MC: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the estrogen receptor gene and breast cancer susceptibility. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1999 Nov;71(1-2):21-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sauve F, McBroom LD, Gallant J, Moraitis AN, Labrie F, Giguere V: CIA, a novel estrogen receptor coactivator with a bifunctional nuclear receptor interacting determinant. Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Jan;21(1):343-53. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Shao W, Halachmi S, Brown M: ERAP140, a conserved tissue-specific nuclear receptor coactivator. Mol Cell Biol. 2002 May;22(10):3358-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Wong CW, McNally C, Nickbarg E, Komm BS, Cheskis BJ: Estrogen receptor-interacting protein that modulates its nongenomic activity-crosstalk with Src/Erk phosphorylation cascade. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Nov 12;99(23):14783-8. Epub 2002 Nov 1. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Reese JC, Katzenellenbogen BS: Characterization of a temperature-sensitive mutation in the hormone binding domain of the human estrogen receptor. Studies in cell extracts and intact cells and their implications for hormone-dependent transcriptional activation. J Biol Chem. 1992 May 15;267(14):9868-73. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Schwabe JW, Neuhaus D, Rhodes D: Solution structure of the DNA-binding domain of the oestrogen receptor. Nature. 1990 Nov 29;348(6300):458-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. 2792078 Tora L, Mullick A, Metzger D, Ponglikitmongkol M, Park I, Chambon P: The cloned human oestrogen receptor contains a mutation which alters its hormone binding properties. EMBO J. 1989 Jul;8(7):1981-6.
  12. 3753802 Greene GL, Gilna P, Waterfield M, Baker A, Hort Y, Shine J: Sequence and expression of human estrogen receptor complementary DNA. Science. 1986 Mar 7;231(4742):1150-4.
  13. 3754034 Green S, Walter P, Kumar V, Krust A, Bornert JM, Argos P, Chambon P: Human oestrogen receptor cDNA: sequence, expression and homology to v-erb-A. Nature. 1986 Mar 13-19;320(6058):134-9.
  14. 7476978 Joel PB, Traish AM, Lannigan DA: Estradiol and phorbol ester cause phosphorylation of serine 118 in the human estrogen receptor. Mol Endocrinol. 1995 Aug;9(8):1041-52.
  15. 7539106 Arnold SF, Obourn JD, Jaffe H, Notides AC: Phosphorylation of the human estrogen receptor on tyrosine 537 in vivo and by src family tyrosine kinases in vitro. Mol Endocrinol. 1995 Jan;9(1):24-33.
  16. 7838153 Arnold SF, Obourn JD, Jaffe H, Notides AC: Serine 167 is the major estradiol-induced phosphorylation site on the human estrogen receptor. Mol Endocrinol. 1994 Sep;8(9):1208-14.
  17. 7916651 Pfeffer U, Fecarotta E, Castagnetta L, Vidali G: Estrogen receptor variant messenger RNA lacking exon 4 in estrogen-responsive human breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 1993 Feb 15;53(4):741-3.
  18. 8221895 Schwabe JW, Chapman L, Finch JT, Rhodes D: The crystal structure of the estrogen receptor DNA-binding domain bound to DNA: how receptors discriminate between their response elements. Cell. 1993 Nov 5;75(3):567-78.
  19. 8600466 Pink JJ, Wu SQ, Wolf DM, Bilimoria MM, Jordan VC: A novel 80 kDa human estrogen receptor containing a duplication of exons 6 and 7. Nucleic Acids Res. 1996 Mar 1;24(5):962-9.
  20. 8961262 McInerney EM, Ince BA, Shapiro DJ, Katzenellenbogen BS: A transcriptionally active estrogen receptor mutant is a novel type of dominant negative inhibitor of estrogen action. Mol Endocrinol. 1996 Dec;10(12):1519-26.
  21. 9195227 Anderson TI, Wooster R, Laake K, Collins N, Warren W, Skrede M, Elles R, Tveit KM, Johnston SR, Dowsett M, Olsen AO, Moller P, Stratton MR, Borresen-Dale AL: Screening for ESR mutations in breast and ovarian cancer patients. Hum Mutat. 1997;9(6):531-6.
  22. 9338790 Brzozowski AM, Pike AC, Dauter Z, Hubbard RE, Bonn T, Engstrom O, Ohman L, Greene GL, Gustafsson JA, Carlquist M: Molecular basis of agonism and antagonism in the oestrogen receptor. Nature. 1997 Oct 16;389(6652):753-8.
  23. 9600906 Tanenbaum DM, Wang Y, Williams SP, Sigler PB: Crystallographic comparison of the estrogen and progesterone receptor's ligand binding domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 May 26;95(11):5998-6003.
  24. 9619507 Maalouf GJ, Xu W, Smith TF, Mohr SC: Homology model for the ligand-binding domain of the human estrogen receptor. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1998 Apr;15(5):841-51.
  25. 9875847 Shiau AK, Barstad D, Loria PM, Cheng L, Kushner PJ, Agard DA, Greene GL: The structural basis of estrogen receptor/coactivator recognition and the antagonism of this interaction by tamoxifen. Cell. 1998 Dec 23;95(7):927-37.
Target 1 Drug References
  1. Cotroneo MS, Lamartiniere CA: Pharmacologic, but not dietary, genistein supports endometriosis in a rat model. Toxicol Sci. 2001 May;61(1):68-75. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Margeat E, Bourdoncle A, Margueron R, Poujol N, Cavailles V, Royer C: Ligands differentially modulate the protein interactions of the human estrogen receptors alpha and beta. J Mol Biol. 2003 Feb 7;326(1):77-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Miyoshi Y, Tanji Y, Taguchi T, Tamaki Y, Noguchi S: Association of serum estrone levels with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer risk in postmenopausal Japanese women. Clin Cancer Res. 2003 Jun;9(6):2229-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Kajta M, Lason W, Bien E, Marszal M: Neuroprotective effects of estrone on NMDA-induced toxicity in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons are independent of estrogen receptors. Pol J Pharmacol. 2002 Nov-Dec;54(6):727-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ferrer-Lorente R, Garcia-Pelaez B, Fernandez-Lopez JA, Remesar X, Alemany M: Tamoxifen does not prevent the mobilization of body lipids elicited by oleoyl-estrone. Steroids. 2004 Sep;69(10):661-5. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 2 [top]
Target 2 ID 587
Target 2 Name Serum albumin
Target 2 Synonyms
  1. Serum albumin precursor
Target 2 Gene Name ALB
Target 2 Protein Sequence >Serum albumin precursor
MKWVTFISLLFLFSSAYSRGVFRRDAHKSEVAHRFKDLGEENFKALVLIAFAQYLQQCPF
EDHVKLVNEVTEFAKTCVADESAENCDKSLHTLFGDKLCTVATLRETYGEMADCCAKQEP
ERNECFLQHKDDNPNLPRLVRPEVDVMCTAFHDNEETFLKKYLYEIARRHPYFYAPELLF
FAKRYKAAFTECCQAADKAACLLPKLDELRDEGKASSAKQRLKCASLQKFGERAFKAWAV
ARLSQRFPKAEFAEVSKLVTDLTKVHTECCHGDLLECADDRADLAKYICENQDSISSKLK
ECCEKPLLEKSHCIAEVENDEMPADLPSLAADFVESKDVCKNYAEAKDVFLGMFLYEYAR
RHPDYSVVLLLRLAKTYETTLEKCCAAADPHECYAKVFDEFKPLVEEPQNLIKQNCELFE
QLGEYKFQNALLVRYTKKVPQVSTPTLVEVSRNLGKVGSKCCKHPEAKRMPCAEDYLSVV
LNQLCVLHEKTPVSDRVTKCCTESLVNRRPCFSALEVDETYVPKEFNAETFTFHADICTL
SEKERQIKKQTALVELVKHKPKATKEQLKAVMDDFAAFVEKCCKADDKETCFAEEGKKLV
AASQAALGL
Target 2 Number of Residues 619
Target 2 Molecular Weight 69367
Target 2 Theoretical pI 6.21
Target 2 GO Classification
Function
transporter activity
carrier activity
Process
physiological process
cellular physiological process
transport
Component
extracellular region
extracellular space
Target 2 General Function Involved in antioxidant activity
Target 2 Specific Function Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood
Target 2 Pathways Not Available
Target 2 Reactions Not Available
Target 2 Pfam Domain Function
Target 2 Signals
  • 1-18
Target 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 2 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 2 GenBank ID Protein 28590 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P02768 Link Image
Target 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ALBU_HUMAN Link Image
Target 2 PDB ID 1HA2 Link Image
Target 2 PDB File Show
Target 2 3D Structure
Target 2 Cellular Location
  • Secreted protein
Target 2 Gene Sequence >1830 bp
ATGAAGTGGGTAACCTTTATTTCCCTTCTTTTTCTCTTTAGCTCGGCTTATTCCAGGGGT
GTGTTTCGTCGAGATGCACACAAGAGTGAGGTTGCTCATCGGTTTAAAGATTTGGGAGAA
GAAAATTTCAAAGCCTTGGTGTTGATTGCCTTTGCTCAGTATCTTCAGCAGTGTCCATTT
GAAGATCATGTAAAATTAGTGAATGAAGTAACTGAATTTGCAAAAACATGTGTTGCTGAT
GAGTCAGCTGAAAATTGTGACAAATCACTTCATACCCTTTTTGGAGACAAATTATGCACA
GTTGCAACTCTTCGTGAAACCTATGGTGAAATGGCTGACTGCTGTGCAAAACAAGAACCT
GGGAGAAATGAATGCTTCTTGCAACACAAAGATGACAACCCAAACCTCCCCCGATTGGTG
AGACCAGAGGTTGATGTGATGTGCACTGCTTTTCATGACAATGAAGAGACATTTTTGAAA
AAATACTTATATGAAATTGCCAGAAGACATCCTTACTTTTATGCCCCGGAACTCCTTTTC
TTTGCTAAAAGGTATAAAGCTGCTTTTACAGAATGTTGCCAAGCTGCTGATAAAGCTGCC
TGCCTGTTGCCAAAGCTCGATGAACTTCGGGATGAAGGGAAGGCTTCGTCTGCCAAACAG
AGACTCAAGTGTGCCAGTCTCCAAAAATTTGGAGAAAGAGCTTTCAAAGCATGGGCAGTA
GCTCGCCTGAGCCAGAGATTTCCCAAAGCTGAGTTTGCAGAAGTTTCCAAGTTAGTGACA
GATCTTACCAAAGTCCACACGGAATGCTGCCATGGAGATCTGCTTGAATGTGCTGATGAC
AGGGCGGACCTTGCCAAGTATATCTGTGAAAATCAAGATTCGATCTCCAGTAAACTGAAG
GAATGCTGTGAAAAACCTCTGTTGGAAAAATCCCACTGCATTGCCGAAGTGGAAAATGAT
GAGATGCCTGCTGACTTGCCTTCATTAGCTGCTGATTTTGTTGAAAGTAAGGATGTTTGC
AAAAACTATGCTGAGGCAAAGGATGTCTTCTTGGGCATGTTTTTGTATGAATATGCAAGA
AGGCATCCTGATTACTCTGTCGTGCTGCTGCTGAGACTTGCCAAGACATATGAAACCACT
CTAGAGAAGTGCTGTGCCGCTGCAGATCCTCATGAATGCTATGCCAAAGTGTTCGATGAA
TTTAAACCTCTTGTGGAAGAGCCTCAGAATTTAATCAAACAAAATTGTGAGCTTTTTGAG
CAGCTTGGAGAGTACAAATTCCAGAATGCGCTGTTAGTTCGTTACACCAAGAAAGTACCC
GAAGTGTCAACTCCAACTCTTGTAGAGGTCTCAAGAAACCTAGGAAAAGTGGGCAGCAAA
TGTTGTAAACATCCTGAAGCAAAAAGAATGCCCTGTGCAGAAGACTATCTATCCGTGGTC
CTGAACCAGTTATGTGTGTTGCATGAGAAAACGCCAGTAAGTGACAGAGTCACCAAATGC
TGCACAGAATCCTTGGTGAACAGGCGACCATGCTTTTCAGCTCTGGAAGTCGATGAAACA
TACGTTCCCAAAGAGTTTAATGCTGAAACATTCACCTTCCATGCAGATATATGCACACTT
TCTGAGAAGGAGAGACAAATCAAGAAACAAACTGCACTTGTTGAGCTCGTGAAACACAAG
CCCAAGGCAACAAAAGAGCAACTGAAAGCTGTTATGGATGATTTCGCTGCTTTTGTAGAG
AAGTGCTGCAAGGCTGACGATAAGGAGACCTGCTTTGCCGAGGAGGGTAAAAAACTTGTT
GCTGCAAGTCAAGCTGCCTTAGGCTTATAA
Target 2 GenBank Gene ID
Target 2 GeneCard ID ALB Link Image
Target 2 GenAtlas ID ALB Link Image
Target 2 HGNC ID HGNC:399 Link Image
Target 2 Chromosome Location 4
Target 2 Locus 4q11-q13
Target 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 2 General References
  1. Sugio S, Kashima A, Mochizuki S, Noda M, Kobayashi K: Crystal structure of human serum albumin at 2.5 A resolution. Protein Eng. 1999 Jun;12(6):439-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bhattacharya AA, Curry S, Franks NP: Binding of the general anesthetics propofol and halothane to human serum albumin. High resolution crystal structures. J Biol Chem. 2000 Dec 8;275(49):38731-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Minchiotti L, Campagnoli M, Rossi A, Cosulich ME, Monti M, Pucci P, Kragh-Hansen U, Granel B, Disdier P, Weiller PJ, Galliano M: A nucleotide insertion and frameshift cause albumin Kenitra, an extended and O-glycosylated mutant of human serum albumin with two additional disulfide bridges. Eur J Biochem. 2001 Jan;268(2):344-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Yu Y, Zhang C, Zhou G, Wu S, Qu X, Wei H, Xing G, Dong C, Zhai Y, Wan J, Ouyang S, Li L, Zhang S, Zhou K, Zhang Y, Wu C, He F: Gene expression profiling in human fetal liver and identification of tissue- and developmental-stage-specific genes through compiled expression profiles and efficient cloning of full-length cDNAs. Genome Res. 2001 Aug;11(8):1392-403. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Spahr CS, Davis MT, McGinley MD, Robinson JH, Bures EJ, Beierle J, Mort J, Courchesne PL, Chen K, Wahl RC, Yu W, Luethy R, Patterson SD: Towards defining the urinary proteome using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. I. Profiling an unfractionated tryptic digest. Proteomics. 2001 Jan;1(1):93-107. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Petitpas I, Grune T, Bhattacharya AA, Curry S: Crystal structures of human serum albumin complexed with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Mol Biol. 2001 Dec 14;314(5):955-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Meloun B, Moravek L, Kostka V: Complete amino acid sequence of human serum albumin. FEBS Lett. 1975 Oct 15;58(1):134-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Minchiotti L, Galliano M, Stoppini M, Ferri G, Crespeau H, Rochu D, Porta F: Two alloalbumins with identical electrophoretic mobility are produced by differently charged amino acid substitutions. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Mar 12;1119(3):232-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. 1518850 Carlson J, Sakamoto Y, Laurell CB, Madison J, Watkins S, Putnam FW: Alloalbuminemia in Sweden: structural study and phenotypic distribution of nine albumin variants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Sep 1;89(17):8225-9.
  12. 1630489 He XM, Carter DC: Atomic structure and chemistry of human serum albumin. Nature. 1992 Jul 16;358(6383):209-15.
  13. 1859851 Peach RJ, Brennan SO: Structural characterization of a glycoprotein variant of human serum albumin: albumin Casebrook (494 Asp----Asn). Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991 Jul 26;1097(1):49-54.
  14. 1946412 Madison J, Arai K, Sakamoto Y, Feld RD, Kyle RA, Watkins S, Davis E, Matsuda Y, Amaki I, Putnam FW: Genetic variants of serum albumin in Americans and Japanese. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 1;88(21):9853-7.
  15. 2068071 Watkins S, Madison J, Davis E, Sakamoto Y, Galliano M, Minchiotti L, Putnam FW: A donor splice mutation and a single-base deletion produce two carboxyl-terminal variants of human serum albumin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jul 15;88(14):5959-63.
  16. 2104980 Brennan SO, Myles T, Peach RJ, Donaldson D, George PM: Albumin Redhill (-1 Arg, 320 Ala----Thr): a glycoprotein variant of human serum albumin whose precursor has an aberrant signal peptidase cleavage site. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(1):26-30.
  17. 2247440 Galliano M, Minchiotti L, Porta F, Rossi A, Ferri G, Madison J, Watkins S, Putnam FW: Mutations in genetic variants of human serum albumin found in Italy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8721-5.
  18. 2374930 Carter DC, He XM: Structure of human serum albumin. Science. 1990 Jul 20;249(4966):302-3.
  19. 2404284 Arai K, Madison J, Shimizu A, Putnam FW: Point substitutions in albumin genetic variants from Asia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(1):497-501.
  20. 2419329 Urano Y, Watanabe K, Sakai M, Tamaoki T: The human albumin gene. Characterization of the 5' and 3' flanking regions and the polymorphic gene transcripts. J Biol Chem. 1986 Mar 5;261(7):3244-51.
  21. 2437111 Carraway RE, Mitra SP, Cochrane DE: Structure of a biologically active neurotensin-related peptide obtained from pepsin-treated albumin(s). J Biol Chem. 1987 May 5;262(13):5968-73.
  22. 2727704 Carter DC, He XM, Munson SH, Twigg PD, Gernert KM, Broom MB, Miller TY: Three-dimensional structure of human serum albumin. Science. 1989 Jun 9;244(4909):1195-8.
  23. 2762316 Arai K, Madison J, Huss K, Ishioka N, Satoh C, Fujita M, Neel JV, Sakurabayashi I, Putnam FW: Point substitutions in Japanese alloalbumins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(16):6092-6.
  24. 2911589 Arai K, Ishioka N, Huss K, Madison J, Putnam FW: Identical structural changes in inherited albumin variants from different populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(2):434-8.
  25. 3009475 Minghetti PP, Ruffner DE, Kuang WJ, Dennison OE, Hawkins JW, Beattie WG, Dugaiczyk A: Molecular structure of the human albumin gene is revealed by nucleotide sequence within q11-22 of chromosome 4. J Biol Chem. 1986 May 25;261(15):6747-57.
  26. 3087352 Mogard MH, Kobayashi R, Chen CF, Lee TD, Reeve JR Jr, Shively JE, Walsh JH: The amino acid sequence of kinetensin, a novel peptide isolated from pepsin-treated human plasma: homology with human serum albumin, neurotensin and angiotensin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 May 14;136(3):983-8.
  27. 3474609 Takahashi N, Takahashi Y, Blumberg BS, Putnam FW: Amino acid substitutions in genetic variants of human serum albumin and in sequences inferred from molecular cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jul;84(13):4413-7.
  28. 3479777 Takahashi N, Takahashi Y, Isobe T, Putnam FW, Fujita M, Satoh C, Neel JV: Amino acid substitutions in inherited albumin variants from Amerindian and Japanese populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(22):8001-5.
  29. 3828358 Brennan SO, Herbert P: Albumin Canterbury (313 Lys----Asn). A point mutation in the second domain of serum albumin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987 Apr 8;912(2):191-7.
  30. 6171778 Lawn RM, Adelman J, Bock SC, Franke AE, Houck CM, Najarian RC, Seeburg PH, Wion KL: The sequence of human serum albumin cDNA and its expression in E. coli. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Nov 25;9(22):6103-114.
  31. 6275391 Dugaiczyk A, Law SW, Dennison OE: Nucleotide sequence and the encoded amino acids of human serum albumin mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jan;79(1):71-5.
  32. 656055 Jacobsen C: Lysine residue 240 of human serum albumin is involved in high-affinity binding of bilirubin. Biochem J. 1978 May 1;171(2):453-9.
  33. 7852505 Rushbrook JI, Becker E, Schussler GC, Divino CM: Identification of a human serum albumin species associated with familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Feb;80(2):461-7.
  34. 7895732 Corbett JM, Wheeler CH, Baker CS, Yacoub MH, Dunn MJ: The human myocardial two-dimensional gel protein database: update 1994. Electrophoresis. 1994 Nov;15(11):1459-65.
  35. 7902134 Galliano M, Minchiotti L, Iadarola P, Stoppini M, Giagnoni P, Watkins S, Madison J, Putnam FW: Protein and DNA sequence analysis of a 'private' genetic variant: albumin Ortonovo (Glu-505-->Lys). Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Nov 25;1225(1):27-32.
  36. 8022807 Madison J, Galliano M, Watkins S, Minchiotti L, Porta F, Rossi A, Putnam FW: Genetic variants of human serum albumin in Italy: point mutants and a carboxyl-terminal variant. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jul 5;91(14):6476-80.
  37. 8048949 Sunthornthepvarakul T, Angkeow P, Weiss RE, Hayashi Y, Refetoff S: An identical missense mutation in the albumin gene results in familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia in 8 unrelated families. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Jul 29;202(2):781-7.
  38. 8347685 Brennan SO, Fellowes AP: Albumin Hawkes Bay; a low level variant caused by loss of a sulphydryl group at position 177. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Aug 4;1182(1):46-50.
  39. 8513793 Minchiotti L, Galliano M, Zapponi MC, Tenni R: The structural characterization and bilirubin-binding properties of albumin Herborn, a [Lys240-->Glu] albumin mutant. Eur J Biochem. 1993 Jun 1;214(2):437-44.
  40. 9329347 Wada N, Chiba H, Shimizu C, Kijima H, Kubo M, Koike T: A novel missense mutation in codon 218 of the albumin gene in a distinct phenotype of familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia in a Japanese kindred. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Oct;82(10):3246-50.
  41. 955075 Walker JE: Lysine residue 199 of human serum albumin is modified by acetylsalicyclic acid. FEBS Lett. 1976 Jul 15;66(2):173-5.
  42. 9589637 Sunthornthepvarakul T, Likitmaskul S, Ngowngarmratana S, Angsusingha K, Kitvitayasak S, Scherberg NH, Refetoff S: Familial dysalbuminemic hypertriiodothyroninemia: a new, dominantly inherited albumin defect. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 May;83(5):1448-54.
  43. 9731778 Curry S, Mandelkow H, Brick P, Franks N: Crystal structure of human serum albumin complexed with fatty acid reveals an asymmetric distribution of binding sites. Nat Struct Biol. 1998 Sep;5(9):827-35.
Target 2 Drug References
  1. Budai B, Szamel I, Sulyok Z, Nemet M, Bak M, Otto S, Reed MJ, Purohit A, Parish DC, Kralovanszky J: Characteristics of cystic breast disease with special regard to breast cancer development. Anticancer Res. 2001 Jan-Feb;21(1B):749-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Henderson K, Stewart J: A dipstick immunoassay to rapidly measure serum oestrone sulfate concentrations in horses. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2000;12(3-4):183-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Key T, Appleby P, Barnes I, Reeves G: Endogenous sex hormones and breast cancer in postmenopausal women: reanalysis of nine prospective studies. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Apr 17;94(8):606-16. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Mayatskaya EE, Semeikin AV, Rzheznikov VM, Shimanovskii NL: Binding of bis-beta-chloroethylamine derivatives of synthetic estrogens to proteins: dependence on the chemical structure. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2002 Dec;134(6):544-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 3 [top]
Target 3 ID 756
Target 3 Name Sex hormone-binding globulin
Target 3 Synonyms
  1. ABP
  2. SBP
  3. SHBG
  4. Sex hormone-binding globulin precursor
  5. Sex steroid-binding protein
  6. TeBG
  7. Testis-specific androgen-binding protein
  8. Testosterone-estradiol- binding globulin
  9. Testosterone-estrogen-binding globulin
Target 3 Gene Name SHBG
Target 3 Protein Sequence >Sex hormone-binding globulin precursor
MESRGPLATSRLLLLLLLLLLRHTRQGWALRPVLPTQSAHDPPAVHLSNGPGQEPIAVMT
FDLTKITKTSSSFEVRTWDPEGVIFYGDTNPKDDWFMLGLRDGRPEIQLHNHWAQLTVGA
GPRLDDGRWHQVEVKMEGDSVLLEVDGEEVLRLRQVSGPLTSKRHPIMRIALGGLLFPAS
NLRLPLVPALDGCLRRDSWLDKQAEISASAPTSLRSCDVESNPGIFLPPGTQAEFNLRDI
PQPHAEPWAFSLDLGLKQAAGSGHLLALGTPENPSWLSLHLQDQKVVLSSGSGPGLDLPL
VLGLPLQLKLSMSRVVLSQGSKMKALALPPLGLAPLLNLWAKPQGRLFLGALPGEDSSTS
FCLNGLWAQGQRLDVDQALNRSHEIWTHSCPQSPGNGTDASH
Target 3 Number of Residues 408
Target 3 Molecular Weight 43780
Target 3 Theoretical pI 6.70
Target 3 GO Classification Not Available
Target 3 General Function Involved in androgen binding
Target 3 Specific Function Functions as an androgen transport protein, but may also be involved in receptor mediated processes. Each dimer binds one molecule of steroid. Specific for 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, and 17-beta-estradiol. Regulates the plasma metabolic clearance rate of steroid hormones by controlling their plasma concentration
Target 3 Pathways Not Available
Target 3 Reactions Not Available
Target 3 Pfam Domain Function
Target 3 Signals
  • 1-29
Target 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 3 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 3 GenBank ID Protein 296673 Link Image
Target 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P04278 Link Image
Target 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SHBG_HUMAN Link Image
Target 3 PDB ID 1F5F Link Image
Target 3 PDB File Show
Target 3 3D Structure
Target 3 Cellular Location
  • Secreted protein. In testis, it is synthesized by the Sertoli cells, secreted into the lumen of the
Target 3 Gene Sequence >1209 bp
ATGGAGAGCAGAGGCCCACTGGCTACCTCGCGCCTGCTGCTGTTGCTGCTGTTGCTACTA
CTGCGTCACACCCGCCAGGGATGGGCCCTGAGACCTGTTCTCCCCACCCAGAGTGCCCAC
GACCCTCCGGCTGTCCACCTCAGCAATGGCCCAGGACAAGAGCCTATCGCTGTCATGACC
TTTGACCTCACCAAGATCACAAAAACCTCCTCCTCCTTTGAGGTTCGAACCTGGGACCCA
GAGGGAGTGATTTTTTATGGGGATACCAACCCTAAGGATGACTGGTTTATGCTGGGACTT
CGAGACGGCAGGCCTGAGATCCAACTGCACAATCACTGGGCCCAGCTTACGGTGGGTGCT
GGACCACGGCTGGATGATGGGAGATGGCACCAGGTGGAAGTCAAGATGGAGGGGGACTCT
GTGCTGCTGGAGGTGGATGGGGAGGAGGTGCTGCGCCTGAGACAGGTCTCTGGGCCCCTG
ACCAGCAAACGCCATCCCATCATGAGGATTGCGCTTGGGGGGCTGCTCTTCCCCGCTTCC
AACCTTCGGTTGCCGCTGGTTCCTGCCCTGGATGGCTGCCTGCGCCGGGATTCCTGGCTG
GACAAACAGGCCGAGATCTCAGCATCTGCCCCCACTAGCCTCAGAAGCTGTGATGTAGAA
TCAAATCCCGGGATATTTCTCCCTCCAGGGACTCAGGCAGAATTCAATCTCCGAGACATT
CCCCAGCCTCATGCAGAGCCCTGGGCCTTCTCTTTGGACCTGGGACTCAAGCAGGCAGCA
GGCTCAGGCCACCTCCTTGCTCTTGGGACACCAGAGAACCCATCTTGGCTCAGTCTCCAC
CTCCAAGATCAAAAGGTGGTGTTGTCTTCTGGGTCGGGGCCAGGGCTGGATCTGCCCCTG
GTCTTGGGACTCCCTCTTCAGCTGAAGCTGAGTATGTCCAGGGTGGTCTTGAGCCAAGGG
TCGAAGATGAAGGCCCTTGCCCTGCCTCCCTTAGGCCTGGCTCCCCTCCTTAACCTCTGG
GCCAAGCCTCAAGGGCGTCTCTTCCTGGGGGCTTTACCAGGAGAAGACTCTTCCACCTCT
TTTTGCCTGAATGGCCTTTGGGCACAAGGTCAGAGGCTGGATGTGGACCAGGCCCTGAAC
AGAAGCCATGAGATCTGGACTCACAGCTGCCCCCAGAGCCCAGGCAATGGCACTGACGCT
TCCCATTAA
Target 3 GenBank Gene ID
Target 3 GeneCard ID SHBG Link Image
Target 3 GenAtlas ID SHBG Link Image
Target 3 HGNC ID HGNC:10839 Link Image
Target 3 Chromosome Location 17
Target 3 Locus 17p13-p12
Target 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 3 General References
  1. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Grishkovskaya I, Avvakumov GV, Sklenar G, Dales D, Hammond GL, Muller YA: Crystal structure of human sex hormone-binding globulin: steroid transport by a laminin G-like domain. EMBO J. 2000 Feb 15;19(4):504-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Grishkovskaya I, Avvakumov GV, Hammond GL, Catalano MG, Muller YA: Steroid ligands bind human sex hormone-binding globulin in specific orientations and produce distinct changes in protein conformation. J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 30;277(35):32086-93. Epub 2002 Jun 13. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Power SG, Bocchinfuso WP, Pallesen M, Warmels-Rodenhiser S, Van Baelen H, Hammond GL: Molecular analyses of a human sex hormone-binding globulin variant: evidence for an additional carbohydrate chain. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992 Oct;75(4):1066-70. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gershagen S, Lundwall A, Fernlund P: Characterization of the human sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) gene and demonstration of two transcripts in both liver and testis. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Nov 25;17(22):9245-58. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hammond GL, Underhill DA, Rykse HM, Smith CL: The human sex hormone-binding globulin gene contains exons for androgen-binding protein and two other testicular messenger RNAs. Mol Endocrinol. 1989 Nov;3(11):1869-76. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Que BG, Petra PH: Characterization of a cDNA coding for sex steroid-binding protein of human plasma. FEBS Lett. 1987 Jul 27;219(2):405-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Gershagen S, Fernlund P, Lundwall A: A cDNA coding for human sex hormone binding globulin. Homology to vitamin K-dependent protein S. FEBS Lett. 1987 Aug 10;220(1):129-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Walsh KA, Titani K, Takio K, Kumar S, Hayes R, Petra PH: Amino acid sequence of the sex steroid binding protein of human blood plasma. Biochemistry. 1986 Nov 18;25(23):7584-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Hammond GL, Underhill DA, Smith CL, Goping IS, Harley MJ, Musto NA, Cheng CY, Bardin CW: The cDNA-deduced primary structure of human sex hormone-binding globulin and location of its steroid-binding domain. FEBS Lett. 1987 May 4;215(1):100-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. 3702459 Hammond GL, Robinson PA, Sugino H, Ward DN, Finne J: Physicochemical characteristics of human sex hormone binding globulin: evidence for two identical subunits. J Steroid Biochem. 1986 Apr;24(4):815-24.
  12. 7714097 Hardy DO, Carino C, Catterall JF, Larrea F: Molecular characterization of a genetic variant of the steroid hormone-binding globulin gene in heterozygous subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Apr;80(4):1253-6.
Target 3 Drug References
  1. Taxel P, Kennedy DG, Fall PM, Willard AK, Clive JM, Raisz LG: The effect of aromatase inhibition on sex steroids, gonadotropins, and markers of bone turnover in older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Jun;86(6):2869-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Browne-Martin K, Longcope C: Regulation of sex hormone-binding globulin secretion in human hepatoma G2 cells. Steroids. 2001 Aug;66(8):605-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hutchins AM, Martini MC, Olson BA, Thomas W, Slavin JL: Flaxseed consumption influences endogenous hormone concentrations in postmenopausal women. Nutr Cancer. 2001;39(1):58-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Campino C, Torres C, Rioseco A, Poblete A, Pugin E, Valdes V, Catalan S, Belmar C, Seron-Ferre M: Plasma prolactin/oestradiol ratio at 38 weeks gestation predicts the duration of lactational amenorrhoea. Hum Reprod. 2001 Dec;16(12):2540-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Siseles NO, Benencia H, Mesch V, Gutierrez P, Novelli JA: Once and twice a week transdermal estradiol delivery systems: clinical efficacy and plasma estrogen levels. Climacteric. 1998 Sep;1(3):196-201. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 4 [top]
Target 4 ID 1898
Target 4 Name Cytochrome P450 1B1
Target 4 Synonyms
  1. CYPIB1
  2. EC 1.14.14.1
Target 4 Gene Name CYP1B1
Target 4 Protein Sequence >Cytochrome P450 1B1
MGTSLSPNDPWPLNPLSIQQTTLLLLLSVLATVHVGQRLLRQRRRQLRSAPPGPFAWPLI
GNAAAVGQAAHLSFARLARRYGDVFQIRLGSCPIVVLNGERAIHQALVQQGSAFADRPAF
ASFRVVSGGRSMAFGHYSEHWKVQRRAAHSMMRNFFTRQPRSRQVLEGHVLSEARELVAL
LVRGSADGAFLDPRPLTVVAVANVMSAVCFGCRYSHDDPEFRELLSHNEEFGRTVGAGSL
VDVMPWLQYFPNPVRTVFREFEQLNRNFSNFILDKFLRHCESLRPGAAPRDMMDAFILSA
EKKAAGDSHGGGARLDLENVPATITDIFGASQDTLSTALQWLLLLFTRYPDVQTRVQAEL
DQVVGRDRLPCMGDQPNLPYVLAFLYEAMRFSSFVPVTIPHATTANTSVLGYHIPKDTVV
FVNQWSVNHDPLKWPNPENFDPARFLDKDGLINKDLTSRVMIFSVGKRRCIGEELSKMQL
FLFISILAHQCDFRANPNEPAKMNFSYGLTIKPKSFKVNVTLRESMELLDSAVQNLQAKE
TCQ
Target 4 Number of Residues 552
Target 4 Molecular Weight 60847
Target 4 Theoretical pI 9.23
Target 4 GO Classification
Function
tetrapyrrole binding
heme binding
binding
ion binding
cation binding
transition metal ion binding
iron ion binding
catalytic activity
oxidoreductase activity
monooxygenase activity
Process
physiological process
metabolism
cellular metabolism
generation of precursor metabolites and energy
electron transport
Component
Not Available
Target 4 General Function Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism
Target 4 Specific Function Participates in the metabolism of an as-yet-unknown biologically active molecule that is a participant in eye development
Target 4 Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Fatty acid metabolism SMP00051 Link Image map00071 Link Image
Target 4 Reactions
  • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O
Target 4 Pfam Domain Function
Target 4 Signals
  • None
Target 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Target 4 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 4 GenBank ID Protein 501031 Link Image
Target 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q16678 Link Image
Target 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CP1B1_HUMAN Link Image
Target 4 PDB ID Not Available
Target 4 Cellular Location
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  • peripheral membrane protein
Target 4 Gene Sequence >1632 bp
ATGGGCACCAGCCTCAGCCCGAACGACCCTTGGCCGCTAAACCCGCTGTCCATCCAGCAG
ACCACGCTCCTGCTACTCCTGTCGGTGCTGGCCACTGTGCATGTGGGCCAGCGGCTGCTG
AGGCAACGGAGGCGGCAGCTCCGGTCCGCGCCCCCGGGCCCGTTTGCGTGGCCACTGATC
GGAAACGCGGCGGCGGTGGGCCAGGCGGCTCACCTCTCGTTCGCTCGCCTGGCGCGGCGC
TACGGCGACGTTTTCCAGATCCGCCTGGGCAGCTGCCCCATAGTGGTGCTGAATGGCGAG
CGCGCCATCCACCAGGCCCTGGTGCAGCAGGGCTCGGCCTTCGCCGACCGGCCGGCCTTC
GCCTCCTTCCGTGTGGTGTCCGGCGGCCGCAGCATGGCTTTCGGCCACTACTCGGAGCAC
TGGAAGGTGCAGCGGCGCGCAGCCCACAGCATGATGCGCAACTTCTTCACGCGCCAGCCG
CGCAGCCGCCAAGTCCTCGAGGGCCACGTGCTGAGCGAGGCGCGCGAGCTGGTGGCGCTG
CTGGTGCGCGGCAGCGCGGACGGCGCCTTCCTCGACCCGAGGCCGCTGACCGTCGTGGCC
GTGGCCAACGTCATGAGTGCCGTGTGTTTCGGCTGCCGCTACAGCCACGACGACCCCGAG
TTCCGTGAGCTGCTCAGCCACAACGAAGAGTTCGGGCGCACGGTGGGCGCGGGCAGCCTG
GTGGACGTGATGCCCTGGCTGCAGTACTTCCCCAACCCGGTGCGCACCGTTTTCCGCGAA
TTCGAGCAGCTCAACCGCAACTTCAGCAACTTCATCCTGGACAAGTTCTTGAGGCACTGC
GAAAGCCTTCGGCCCGGGGCCGCCCCCCGCGACATGATGGACGCCTTTATCCTCTCTGCG
GAAAAGAAGGCGGCCGGGGACTCGCACGGTGGTGGCGCGCGGCTGGATTTGGAGAACGTA
CCGGCCACTATCACTGACATCTTCGGCGCCAGCCAGGACACCCTGTCCACCGCGCTGCAG
TGGCTGCTCCTCCTCTTCACCAGGTATCCTGATGTGCAGACTCGAGTGCAGGCAGAATTG
GATCAGGTCGTGGGGAGGGACCGTCTGCCTTGTATGGGTGACCAGCCCAACCTGCCCTAT
GTCCTGGCCTTCCTTTATGAAGCCATGCGCTTCTCCAGCTTTGTGCCTGTCACTATTCCT
CATGCCACCACTGCCAACACCTCTGTCTTGGGCTACCACATTCCCAAGGACACTGTGGTT
TTTGTCAACCAGTGGTCTGTGAATCATGACCCAGTGAAGTGGCCTAACCCGGAGAACTTT
GATCCAGCTCGATTCTTGGACAAGGATGGCCTCATCAACAAGGACCTGACCAGCAGAGTG
ATGATTTTTTCAGTGGGCAAAAGGCGGTGCATTGGCGAAGAACTTTCTAAGATGCAGCTT
TTTCTCTTCATCTCCATCCTGGCTCACCAGTGCGATTTCAGGGCCAACCCAAATGAGCCT
GCGAAAATGAATTTCAGTTATGGTCTAACCATTAAACCCAAGTCATTTAAAGTCAATGTC
ACTCTCAGAGAGTCCATGGAGCTCCTTGATAGTGCTGTCCAAAATTTACAAGCCAAGGAA
ACTTGCCAATAA
Target 4 GenBank Gene ID
Target 4 GeneCard ID CYP1B1 Link Image
Target 4 GenAtlas ID CYP1B1 Link Image
Target 4 HGNC ID HGNC:2597 Link Image
Target 4 Chromosome Location 2
Target 4 Locus 2p21
Target 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 4 General References
  1. Vincent AL, Billingsley G, Buys Y, Levin AV, Priston M, Trope G, Williams-Lyn D, Heon E: Digenic inheritance of early-onset glaucoma: CYP1B1, a potential modifier gene. Am J Hum Genet. 2002 Feb;70(2):448-60. Epub 2002 Jan 3. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Sutter TR, Tang YM, Hayes CL, Wo YY, Jabs EW, Li X, Yin H, Cody CW, Greenlee WF: Complete cDNA sequence of a human dioxin-inducible mRNA identifies a new gene subfamily of cytochrome P450 that maps to chromosome 2. J Biol Chem. 1994 May 6;269(18):13092-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Tang YM, Wo YY, Stewart J, Hawkins AL, Griffin CA, Sutter TR, Greenlee WF: Isolation and characterization of the human cytochrome P450 CYP1B1 gene. J Biol Chem. 1996 Nov 8;271(45):28324-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Bejjani BA, Lewis RA, Tomey KF, Anderson KL, Dueker DK, Jabak M, Astle WF, Otterud B, Leppert M, Lupski JR: Mutations in CYP1B1, the gene for cytochrome P4501B1, are the predominant cause of primary congenital glaucoma in Saudi Arabia. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Feb;62(2):325-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Stoilov I, Akarsu AN, Alozie I, Child A, Barsoum-Homsy M, Turacli ME, Or M, Lewis RA, Ozdemir N, Brice G, Aktan SG, Chevrette L, Coca-Prados M, Sarfarazi M: Sequence analysis and homology modeling suggest that primary congenital glaucoma on 2p21 results from mutations disrupting either the hinge region or the conserved core structures of cytochrome P4501B1. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Mar;62(3):573-84. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Bailey LR, Roodi N, Dupont WD, Parl FF: Association of cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) polymorphism with steroid receptor status in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 1998 Nov 15;58(22):5038-41. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 4 Drug References
  1. van Duursen MB, Sanderson JT, van der Bruggen M, van der Linden J, van den Berg M: Effects of several dioxin-like compounds on estrogen metabolism in the malignant MCF-7 and nontumorigenic MCF-10A human mammary epithelial cell lines. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2003 Aug 1;190(3):241-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Rizzati V, Rathahao E, Gamet-Payrastre L, Delous G, Jouanin I, Gueraud F, Paris A: In vitro aromatic bioactivation of the weak estrogen E(2)alpha and genesis of DNA adducts. Steroids. 2005 Mar;70(3):161-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Paracchini V, Pedotti P, Raimondi S, Garte S, Bradlow HL, Sepkovic DW, Taioli E: A common CYP1B1 polymorphism is associated with 2-OHE1/16-OHE1 urinary estrone ratio. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2005;43(7):702-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Visvanathan K, Gallicchio L, Schilling C, Babus JK, Lewis LM, Miller SR, Zacur H, Flaws JA: Cytochrome gene polymorphisms, serum estrogens, and hot flushes in midlife women. Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Dec;106(6):1372-81. [PubMed Link Image]
Drug Target 5 [top]
Target 5 ID 2202
Target 5 Name Steryl-sulfatase
Target 5 Synonyms
  1. ASC
  2. Arylsulfatase C
  3. EC 3.1.6.2
  4. Steroid sulfatase
  5. Steryl- sulfate sulfohydrolase
  6. Steryl-sulfatase precursor
Target 5 Gene Name STS
Target 5 Protein Sequence >Steryl-sulfatase precursor
MPLRKMKIPFLLLFFLWEAESHAASRPNIILVMADDLGIGDPGCYGNKTIRTPNIDRLAS
GGVKLTQHLAASPLCTPSRAAFMTGRYPVRSGMASWSRTGVFLFTASSGGLPTDEITFAK
LLKDQGYSTALIGKWHLGMSCHSKTDFCHHPLHHGFNYFYGISLTNLRDCKPGEGSVFTT
GFKRLVFLPLQIVGVTLLTLAALNCLGLLHVPLGVFFSLLFLAALILTLFLGFLHYFRPL
NCFMMRNYEIIQQPMSYDNLTQRLTVEAAQFIQRNTETPFLLVLSYLHVHTALFSSKDFA
GKSQHGVYGDAVEEMDWSVGQILNLLDELRLANDTLIYFTSDQGAHVEEVSSKGEIHGGS
NGIYKGGKANNWEGGIRVPGILRWPRVIQAGQKIDEPTSNMDIFPTVAKLAGAPLPEDRI
IDGRDLMPLLEGKSQRSDHEFLFHYCNAYLNAVRWHPQNSTSIWKAFFFTPNFNPVGSNG
CFATHVCFCFGSYVTHHDPPLLFDISKDPRERNPLTPASEPRFYEILKVMQEAADRHTQT
LPEVPDQFSWNNFLWKPWLQLCCPSTGLSCQCDREKQDKRLSR
Target 5 Number of Residues 592
Target 5 Molecular Weight 65493
Target 5 Theoretical pI 7.71
Target 5 GO Classification
Function
catalytic activity
hydrolase activity
hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
sulfuric ester hydrolase activity
Process
physiological process
metabolism
Component
Not Available
Target 5 General Function Inorganic ion transport and metabolism
Target 5 Specific Function Conversion of sulfated steroid precursors to estrogens during pregnancy
Target 5 Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Androgen and estrogen metabolism SMP00068 Link Image map00150 Link Image
Target 5 Reactions
  • 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate
Target 5 Pfam Domain Function
Target 5 Signals
  • 1-21
Target 5 Transmembrane Regions
  • 185-208
  • 213-234
Target 5 Essentiality Non-Essential
Target 5 GenBank ID Protein 338565 Link Image
Target 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P08842 Link Image
Target 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name STS_HUMAN Link Image
Target 5 PDB ID 1P49 Link Image
Target 5 PDB File Show
Target 5 3D Structure
Target 5 Cellular Location
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  • multi-pass membrane protein
Target 5 Gene Sequence >1752 bp
ATGCCTTTAAGGAAGATGAAGATCCCTTTCCTCCTACTGTTCTTTCTGTGGGAAGCCGAG
AGCCACGCAGCATCAAGGCCGAACATCATCCTGGTGATGGCTGACGACCTCGGCATTGGA
GATCCTGGGTGCTATGGGAACAAAACTATCAGGACTCCCAATATCGACCGGTTGGCCAGT
GGGGGAGTGAAACTCACTCAGCACCTGGCAGCATCACCGCTGTGCACACCAAGCAGGGCA
GCCTTCATGACTGGCCGGTACCCTGTCCGATCAGGAATGGCATCTTGGTCCCGCACTGGA
GTTTTCCTCTTCACAGCCTCTTCGGGAGGACTTCCCACCGATGAGATTACCTTTGCTAAG
CTTCTGAAGGATCAAGGTTATTCAACAGCACTGATAGGGAAATGGCACCTTGGGATGAGC
TGTCACAGCAAGACTGACTTCTGTCACCACCCTTTACATCACGGCTTCAATTATTTCTAT
GGGATCTCTTTGACCAATCTGAGAGACTGCAAGCCCGGAGAGGGCAGTGTCTTCACCACG
GGCTTCAAGAGGCTGGTCTTCCTCCCCCTGCAGATCGTCGGGGTCACCCTCCTTACCCTT
GCTGCACTCAATTGTCTGGGGCTACTCCACGTGCCTCTAGGCGTTTTTTTCAGCCTTCTC
TTCCTAGCAGCCCTAATCCTGACCCTTTTCTTGGGCTTCCTTCATTACTTCCGGCCCCTG
AACTGCTTCATGATGAGGAACTACGAGATCATTCAGCAGCCCATGTCCTATGACAATCTC
ACCCAGAGGCTAACGGTGGAGGCGGCCCAGTTCATACAGCGGAACACTGAGACTCCGTTC
CTGCTTGTCTTGTCCTACCTCCACGTGCACACAGCCCTGTTCTCCAGCAAAGACTTTGCT
GGCAAAAGTCAACACGGAGTCTACGGGGATGCTGTTGAGGAAATGGACTGGAGTGTGGGG
CAGATCTTGAACCTTCTGGATGAGCTGAGATTGGCTAATGATACCCTCATCTACTTCACA
TCGGACCAGGGAGCACATGTAGAGGAGGTGTCTTCCAAAGGAGAAATTCATGGCGGAAGT
AATGGGATCTATAAAGGAGGAAAAGCAAACAACTGGGAAGGAGGTATCCGGGTTCCAGGC
ATCCTTCGTTGGCCCAGGGTGATACAGGCTGGCCAGAAGATTGATGAGCCCACTAGCAAC
ATGGACATATTTCCTACAGTAGCCAAGCTGGCTGGAGCTCCCTTGCCTGAGGACAGGATC
ATTGATGGACGTGATCTGATGCCCCTGCTTGAAGGAAAAAGCCAACGCTCCGATCATGAG
TTTCTCTTCCATTACTGCAACGCCTACTTAAATGCTGTGCGCTGGCACCCTCAGAACAGC
ACATCCATCTGGAAGGCCTTTTTCTTCACCCCCAACTTCAACCCCGTGGGTTCCAACGGA
TGCTTTGCCACACACGTGTGCTTCTGTTTCGGGAGTTATGTCACCCATCACGACCCACCT
TTACTCTTTGATATTTCCAAAGATCCCAGAGAGAGAAACCCACTAACTCCAGCATCCGAG
CCCCGGTTTTATGAAATCCTCAAAGTCATGCAGGAAGCTGCGGACAGACACACCCAGACC
CTGCCAGAGGTGCCCGATCAGTTTTCATGGAACAACTTTCTTTGGAAGCCCTGGCTTCAG
CTGTGCTGTCCTTCCACCGGCCTGTCTTGCCAGTGTGATAGAGAAAAACAGGATAAGAGA
CTGAGCCGCTAG
Target 5 GenBank Gene ID
Target 5 GeneCard ID STS Link Image
Target 5 GenAtlas ID STS Link Image
Target 5 HGNC ID HGNC:11425 Link Image
Target 5 Chromosome Location X
Target 5 Locus Xp22.32
Target 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Target 5 General References
  1. Sugawara T, Shimizu H, Hoshi N, Fujimoto Y, Nakajima A, Fujimoto S: PCR diagnosis of X-linked ichthyosis: identification of a novel mutation (E560P) of the steroid sulfatase gene. Hum Mutat. 2000 Mar;15(3):296. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Oyama N, Satoh M, Iwatsuki K, Kaneko F: Novel point mutations in the steroid sulfatase gene in patients with X-linked ichthyosis: transfection analysis using the mutated genes. J Invest Dermatol. 2000 Jun;114(6):1195-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hernandez-Guzman FG, Higashiyama T, Pangborn W, Osawa Y, Ghosh D: Structure of human estrone sulfatase suggests functional roles of membrane association. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 20;278(25):22989-97. Epub 2003 Mar 25. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Basler E, Grompe M, Parenti G, Yates J, Ballabio A: Identification of point mutations in the steroid sulfatase gene of three patients with X-linked ichthyosis. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Mar;50(3):483-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Stein C, Hille A, Seidel J, Rijnbout S, Waheed A, Schmidt B, Geuze H, von Figura K: Cloning and expression of human steroid-sulfatase. Membrane topology, glycosylation, and subcellular distribution in BHK-21 cells. J Biol Chem. 1989 Aug 15;264(23):13865-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kawano J, Kotani T, Ohtaki S, Minamino N, Matsuo H, Oinuma T, Aikawa E: Characterization of rat and human steroid sulfatases. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1989 Aug 31;997(3):199-205. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Yen PH, Allen E, Marsh B, Mohandas T, Wang N, Taggart RT, Shapiro LJ: Cloning and expression of steroid sulfatase cDNA and the frequent occurrence of deletions in STS deficiency: implications for X-Y interchange. Cell. 1987 May 22;49(4):443-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Yen PH, Marsh B, Allen E, Tsai SP, Ellison J, Connolly L, Neiswanger K, Shapiro LJ: The human X-linked steroid sulfatase gene and a Y-encoded pseudogene: evidence for an inversion of the Y chromosome during primate evolution. Cell. 1988 Dec 23;55(6):1123-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Alperin ES, Shapiro LJ: Characterization of point mutations in patients with X-linked ichthyosis. Effects on the structure and function of the steroid sulfatase protein. J Biol Chem. 1997 Aug 15;272(33):20756-63. [PubMed Link Image]
Target 5 Drug References
  1. James MR, Skaar TC, Lee RY, MacPherson A, Zwiebel JA, Ahluwalia BS, Ampy F, Clarke R: Constitutive expression of the steroid sulfatase gene supports the growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Endocrinology. 2001 Apr;142(4):1497-505. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Newman SP, Purohit A, Ghilchik MW, Potter BV, Reed MJ: Regulation of steroid sulphatase expression and activity in breast cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2000 Dec 31;75(4-5):259-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ahmed S, Owen CP, James K, Sampson L, Patel CK: Review of estrone sulfatase and its inhibitors--an important new target against hormone dependent breast cancer. Curr Med Chem. 2002 Jan;9(2):263-73. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Hoffmann R, Rot A, Niiyama S, Billich A: Steroid sulfatase in the human hair follicle concentrates in the dermal papilla. J Invest Dermatol. 2001 Dec;117(6):1342-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Nussbaumer P, Lehr P, Billich A: 2-Substituted 4-(thio)chromenone 6-O-sulfamates: potent inhibitors of human steroid sulfatase. J Med Chem. 2002 Sep 12;45(19):4310-20. [PubMed Link Image]

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.